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de Castro VCG, Budel JCDC, Rodrigues TCGDC, Silva BA, Joset WCL, de Lima ACS, Souza SM, Bessa RJB, Alves SPA, da Silva JAR, Joele MRSP, Maciel e Silva AG, Lourenço-Júnior JDB. Lambs supplemented with Amazonian oilseed co-products: Meat quality and fatty acid profile. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293897. [PMID: 38113204 PMCID: PMC10729964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amazon has a wide variety of oilseeds that generate a huge amount of co-products with potential for use in animal nutrition. The objective was to use alternative resources (oilseed cakes) in the feeding of lambs to assign a sustainable destination to this biomass, and evaluate its influence on the quality and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. Twenty-four lambs, male, castrated, crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês, weighing 30 ± 1.3 kg of initial body weight, were distributed in a completely randomized design in 4 treatments (diets) with six replications (animals). The control diet (Control) contained corn and soybean meal as main ingredients, which were partially replaced in the other diets by cupuassu cake diet (Cup), palm kernel cake diet (Palm) and tucuma cake diet (Tuc). The inclusion of Amazon cakes influences the lipid (P = 0.02) and protein (P < 0.01) composition of meat (longissimus lumborum); reduces cooking losses (P < 0.01); influences the colors (L, a, b), chroma, and Hue Angle (P < 0.01); promotes changes in total FA composition and FA profile (P < 0.05); reduces hypocholesterolemic FA (h) (P = 0.01), but does not influence hypercholesterolemic (H) and indices h:H, AI and TI (P > 0.05). The inclusion of oilseed cakes influences the chemical composition, physical parameters, composition and fatty acid profile of the meat, but does not influence the indicators of atherogenicity, thrombogenicity and cholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruna Almeida Silva
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Shirley Motta Souza
- Federal Institute of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rui José Branquinho Bessa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Suzana Paula Almeida Alves
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
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de Castro VCG, Budel JCDC, Rodrigues TCGDC, Silva BA, de Lima ACS, de Souza SM, da Silva JAR, Joele MRSP, Silva AGME, Lourenço-Junior JDB. Nutrient intake, digestibility, performance, carcass traits and sensory analysis of meat from lambs fed with co-products of Amazon oilseeds. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1181765. [PMID: 37303719 PMCID: PMC10249503 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1181765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increase in availability and nutritional composition of oilseed co-products has made it essential to study the use of this biomass. Methods The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of including oilseed cakes on intake and digestibility, performance, carcass characteristics and meat sensory in feedlot lambs. Twenty-four crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês lambs, with initial body weight of 30 ± 1.3 kg, male, castrated, aged 4-5 months, were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments (diets) and six replications (animals), confined in individual stalls for 70 days. Results The inclusion of tucuma cake (Tuc) reduced dry matter intake (p < 0.01) and diets with cupuassu cake (Cup) and palm kernel cake (Palm) reduced dry matter digestibility (p < 0.05). The Tuc diet also provided the lowest final body weight (p = 0.02); lower average daily gain (p = 0.03); lower feed efficiency (p = 0.03) and lower carcass weight (p < 0.01). However, diets did not influence carcass yield (%), fat thickness (mm) and loin eye area (cm2; p > 0.05). Meat from lambs on the control diet was rated as less fibrous and more tender (p < 0.05). Conclusion The inclusion of tucuma cake does not influence digestibility, but reduces intake, performance and influences carcass characteristics and meat texture. Diets with cupuassu cake or palmiste cake reduced digestibility, however, intake, performance and carcass characteristics were similar to the control diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Costa Gomes de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Shirley Motta de Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Institute of the South of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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do Amaral Júnior JM, Martorano LG, Nahúm BDS, de Castro VCG, Sousa LF, Rodrigues TCGDC, da Silva JAR, da Costa Silva AL, Lourenço Júnior JDB, Berndt A, e Silva AGM. Feed intake, emission of enteric methane and estimates, feed efficiency, and ingestive behavior in buffaloes supplemented with palm kernel cake in the Amazon biome. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1053005. [PMID: 36619961 PMCID: PMC9811383 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1053005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of palm kernel cake as an alternative to conventional ingredients, due to the presence of residual fat, can also reduce methane emissions. The objective of the study was to evaluate, in two different experiments, the effects of palm kernel cake supplementation on feed intake, enteric methane production and estimates, and the ingestive behavior of buffaloes in the Amazon biome. In experiment 1, to evaluate feed intake, methane production, and feed efficiency, 20 crossbred females, dry and empty, with a mean age of 34 months and an initial body weight of 514 ± 69 kg, were supplemented with palm kernel cake for 60 days. The supply was calculated in relation to body weight (BW) in four treatments: 0% (control); 0.25, 0.50, and 1% of palm kernel cake, distributed in a completely randomized design. In experiment 2, to evaluate the ingestive behavior, 24 mixed-breed, dry, and non-pregnant buffaloes supplemented with palm kernel cake were evaluated in the less rainy season (LR) and the wettest season (WS) of the eastern Amazon, distributed in a completely randomized in the same treatments as experiment 1. The inclusion of palm kernel cake in the supplementation increased the feed intake of dry matter and components (MM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, and EE) (P < 0.01), reducing the production of enteric methane intake (P < 0.01), the ratio per kg of meat produced (P < 0.01) and feed efficiency (P < 0.01), and influenced the ingestive behavior (time grazing, rumination, and idleness) during the day. We suggest that further research be carried out to verify the results and improve the use of this co-product as a methanogenesis mitigator.
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