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Rahbar Saadat Y, Hejazian SM, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z, Bastami M, Poursheikhani A, M Shoja M, Ardalan M, Zununi Vahed S. Glucocorticoid receptors and their upstream epigenetic regulators in adults with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Biofactors 2020; 46:995-1005. [PMID: 33031585 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a clinical challenge with variable clinical outcomes. In patients with SRNS, unsuccessful anti-inflammatory and anti-proteinuric effects of steroids lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Our objective was to define the expression pattern of the glucocorticoid receptors (GR) α and β and their epigenetic regulators (miR-24, miR-30a, and miR-370) in a group of adults with SRNS. In this regard, sixty primary NS patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, N = 30) and membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN, N = 30) and also healthy volunteers (N = 24) were enrolled. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of the aforementioned genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. Furthermore, an in-silico analysis was performed to understand the signaling pathways and biological procedures that may be targeted by these microRNAs in NS. The decreased and increased levels of GRα and GRβ were not significant, respectively. Statistically significant reduced miR-24 levels were observed between control/MGN (p = .022) and MGN/FSGS (p = .032) groups. Additionally, a decrease was detected in miR-30a between MGN and FSGS (p = .049) groups. There was a significant increase in miR-370 expression level between control and NS groups (p = .029), as well as control/MGN (p = .008), and MGN/FSGS (p = .046). Bioinformatics analysis predicted the possible targets of the studied genes including genes involved in TGF-β, Notch1, and p53 signaling pathways, regulation of gene expression, intracellular signal transduction, negative regulation of response to the stimulus, cell-cell signaling, and cell activation in the pathogenesis of SRNS. Taken all together, dysregulated levels of GRα, GRβ were not attributed to SRNS in our patients. It seems that pharmacokinetics and the genetic variations in podocyte-related genes may be associated with the steroid-resistance in our adult patients with NS rather than GR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Mina Hejazian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Poursheikhani
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadali M Shoja
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Chen P, Shen T, Wang H, Ke Z, Liang Y, Ouyang J, Jiang T. MicroRNA-185-5p restores glucocorticoid sensitivity by suppressing the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) signaling pathway to enhance glucocorticoid receptor autoregulation. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1-11. [PMID: 28278709 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1296143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of microRNA-185-5p (miR-185-5p) in glucocorticoid (GC)-sensitive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was identified using a microarray and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and was further confirmed in ALL cell lines. A reporter assay confirmed that the Rictor-one component of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) is a target of miR-185-5p. Decreased mTORC activity was also confirmed in GC-sensitive patients. Overexpression of miR-185-5p significantly enhanced GC sensitivity in CEM-C1 cells (GC resistance) by increasing the rate of cell apoptosis and cycle arrest, and decreasing cell survival, accompanied by a decrease in mTORC activity and an increase in GC-induced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. Rapamycin, an mTORC1 inhibitor, showed similar effects to miR-185-5p. These results demonstrated that miR-185-5p enhances GC sensitivity via suppression of mTORC activity by enhancing GR autoupregulation and that miR-185-5p is a potential target for the diagnosis and reversion of GC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisong Chen
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Ting Shen
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Huimin Wang
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Zhiyong Ke
- b Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Yaru Liang
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Juan Ouyang
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Tang Jiang
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure Increases the Susceptibility to Autoimmunity in Offspring Rats by Epigenetic Programing of Glucocorticoid Receptor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9409452. [PMID: 28078304 PMCID: PMC5203882 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9409452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Prenatal glucocorticoids (GC) can induce long term effects on offspring health. However, reports and related studies regarding the prolonged effects of prenatal GC on the development of autoimmunity are limited. Here, we aimed to explore the immunological effects of dexamethasone (DEX) exposure on young adults and whether glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in this process. Methods. Wistar rats were given DEX during pregnancy. Susceptibility to autoimmunity in offspring was assessed using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) animal models. To reveal the possible mechanism, glucocorticoid response, GR expression, and methylation status were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results. Our results showed that the DEX-treated rats had greater susceptibility to EAE (100% versus 62.5%, P < 0.05) and AIA (63.6% versus 0%, P < 0.05) than saline control group. Glucocorticoid response and GR expression were decreased in DEX rats. Significant difference was also found in the methylation levels of GR exon 1-10 to exon 1-11 region. Conclusions. Prenatal DEX administration increases the susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, which is potentially mediated by programming GR methylation status and glucocorticoid sensitivity.
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Peng L, He Q, Li X, Shuai L, Chen H, Li Y, Yi Z. HOXA13 exerts a beneficial effect in albumin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway in human renal tubular epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:271-6. [PMID: 27176855 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that albumin-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury contributes to renal interstitial fibrosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to be a key mechanism in the pathogenesis and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. Homeobox protein HOX‑A13 (HOXA13) is a nuclear transcriptional factor that has been reported to be involved in renal fibrosis. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of HOXA13 in human serum albumin (HSA)‑induced EMT in HKC renal tubular epithelial cells remains to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of HOXA13 in HSA‑induced EMT in HKC cells and the potential mechanism of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling pathway. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HOXA13, cytokeratin, and vimentin were determined by western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction in HKC cells, which were co‑incubated with HSA at different concentrations or for different time periods. The results demonstrated that HOXA13 mRNA and protein expression decreased in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner when induced by HSA in HCK cells. The liposomal transfection experiment suggested that overexpression of HOXA13 activated the GR signal, which inhibits HSA-induced EMT. HOXA13 is involved in HSA‑induced EMT in HKC cells and upregulation of HOXA13 exerts a beneficial effect in EMT, which may be associated with the GR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Qingnan He
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Lanjun Shuai
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhen Li
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zhuwen Yi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Hunan Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Liang Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Gong Y. Role of the glucocorticoid receptor in the recurrence of primary nephrotic syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1556-1562. [PMID: 26622525 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the changes in the expression levels of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its subtypes in patients with recurrent renal syndrome. In addition, the effects of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and a TNF-α monoclonal antibody on these receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from the patients was analysed. Furthermore, a new treatment method for recurrent renal syndrome was explored. The serum levels of TNF-α in the normal (A), stable renal syndrome (B) and renal syndrome recurrence (C) groups of patients were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA and protein expression levels of GR, GRα and GRβ were determined by ELISA, western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in PBMC cultures from the three groups in the absence of intervention (blank control) and following stimulation with methylprednisolone, TNF-α and/or TNF-α monoclonal antibody. Group C exhibited higher expression levels of TNF-α and GRβ but a lower level of GRα expression (P<0.05) compared with the other groups. Regardless of methylprednisolone intervention, the expression levels of GR and GRβ in the three groups following stimulation by TNF-α were significantly higher compared with those in the respective blank control, whereas in group C, the GRα expression levels following TNF-α treatment were lower compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). The treatment of group C with TNF-α monoclonal antibodies resulted in higher GRα expression but lower GRβ expression compared with those in the blank control (P<0.05). The change in the ratios of the GR subtypes may be associated with renal syndrome recurrence. TNF-α may be involved in renal syndrome relapse by changing the levels of GR as well as the proportion of the GR subtypes. TNF-α monoclonal antibodies may mitigate the changes in the ratios of these subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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Zahran AM, Aly SS, Elsayh KI, Badawy A, Gamal Y. Glucocorticoid receptors expression and histopathological types in children with nephrotic syndrome. Ren Fail 2014; 36:1067-72. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.917936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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