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Gomes JS, Sene LB, Lamana GL, Boer PA, Gontijo JAR. Impact of maternal protein restriction on Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) expression in male fetal kidney development. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0266293. [PMID: 37141241 PMCID: PMC10159110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney developmental studies have demonstrated molecular pathway changes that may be related to decreased nephron numbers in the male 17 gestational days (17GD) low protein (LP) intake offspring compared to normal protein intake (NP) progeny. Here, we evaluated the HIF-1 and components of its pathway in the kidneys of 17-GD LP offspring to elucidate the molecular modulations during nephrogenesis. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: NP (regular protein diet-17%) or LP (Low protein diet-6%). Taking into account miRNA transcriptome sequencing previous study (miRNA-Seq) in 17GD male offspring kidneys investigated predicted target genes and proteins related to the HIF-1 pathway by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In the present study, in male 17-GD LP offspring, an increased elF4, HSP90, p53, p300, NFκβ, and AT2 gene encoding compared to the NP progeny. Higher labeling of HIF-1α CAP cells in 17-DG LP offspring was associated with reduced elF4 and phosphorylated elF4 immunoreactivity in LP progeny CAP cells. In 17DG LP, the NFκβ and HSP90 immunoreactivity was enhanced, particularly in the CAP area. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The current study supported that the programmed reduced nephron number in the 17-DG LP offspring may be related to changes in the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Factors that facilitate the transposition of HIF-1α to progenitor renal cell nuclei, such as increased NOS, Ep300, and HSP90 expression, may have a crucial role in this regulatory system. Also, HIF-1α changes could be associated with reduced transcription of elF-4 and its respective signaling path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seva Gomes
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Barros Sene
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leme Lamana
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aline Boer
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Rocha Gontijo
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Piras M, Gerosa C, Congiu T, Cau F, Fanni D, Pichiri G, Coni P, Lachowicz JI, Schirru E, Congia M, Rossino R, Muntoni S, Jaremko M, Piludu M. Toward the renal vesicle: Ultrastructural investigation of the cap mesenchyme splitting process in the developing kidney. J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221124076. [PMID: 36310827 PMCID: PMC9597041 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221124076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A complex sequence of morphogenetic events leads to the development of the adult mouse kidney. In the present study, we investigated the morphological events that characterize the early stages of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of cap mesenchymal cells, analyzing in depth the relationship between cap mesenchymal induction and ureteric bud (UB) branching. Design and methods Normal kidneys of newborn non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were excised and prepared for light and electron microscopic examination. Results Nephrogenesis was evident in the outer portion of the renal cortex of all examined samples. This process was mainly due to the interaction of two primordial derivatives, the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme. Early renal developmental stages were initially characterized by the formation of a continuous layer of condensed mesenchymal cells around the tips of the ureteric buds. These caps of mesenchymal cells affected the epithelial cells of the underlying ureteric bud, possibly inducing their growth and branching. Conclusions The present study provides morphological evidence of the reciprocal induction between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme showing that the ureteric buds convert mesenchyme to epithelium that in turn stimulates the growth and the branching of the ureteric bud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Piras
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Clara Gerosa
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Terenzio Congiu
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy,Terenzio Congiu, Department of Medical
Sciences and Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale Cagliari,
Cagliari, Sardegna 09124, Italy.
| | - Flaviana Cau
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pichiri
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Coni
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Enrico Schirru
- CeSaSASt. Centro Servizi di Ateneo per
gli Stabulari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Mauro Congia
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology,
Microcitemico Hospital, Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Rossano Rossino
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Sandro Muntoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences
& Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Piludu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy,Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo
Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Minuth WW. The interstitium at the developing nephron in the fetal kidney during advanced pregnancy - a microanatomical inventory. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:17. [PMID: 36008693 PMCID: PMC9411487 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-022-00149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A series of noxae can evoke the termination of nephron formation in preterm and low birth weight babies. This results in oligonephropathy with severe consequences for health in the later life. Although the clinical parameters have been extensively investigated, little is known about the initial damage. Previous pathological findings indicate the reduction in width of the nephrogenic zone and the lack of S-shaped bodies. Current morphological investigations suggest that due to the mutual patterning beside the forming nephron, also its structural neighbors, particularly the interjacent interstitium, must be affected. However, beside the findings on integrative and mastering functions, systematic microanatomical data explaining the configuration of the interstitium at the developing nephron in the fetal kidney during advanced pregnancy is not available. Therefore, this work explains the typical features. Results The generated data depicts that the progenitor cells, nephrogenic niche, pretubular aggregate, and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition are restricted to the subcapsular interstitium. During the proceeding development, only the distal pole of the renal vesicles and comma- and S-shaped bodies stays in further contact with it. The respective proximal pole is positioned opposite the peritubular interstitium at the connecting tubule of an underlying but previously formed nephron. The related medial aspect faces the narrow peritubular interstitium of a collecting duct (CD) ampulla first only at its tip, then at its head, conus, and neck, and finally at the differentiating CD tubule. The lateral aspect starts at the subcapsular interstitium, but then it is positioned along the wide perivascular interstitium of the neighboring ascending perforating radiate artery. When the nephron matures, the interstitial configuration changes again. Conclusions The present investigation illustrates that the interstitium at the forming nephron in the fetal kidney consists of existing, transient, stage-specific, and differently far matured compartments. According to the developmental needs, it changes its shape by formation, degradation, fusion, and rebuilding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will W Minuth
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Koning M, Dumas SJ, Avramut MC, Koning RI, Meta E, Lievers E, Wiersma LE, Borri M, Liang X, Xie L, Liu P, Chen F, Lin L, Luo Y, Mulder J, Spijker HS, Jaffredo T, van den Berg BM, Carmeliet P, van den Berg CW, Rabelink TJ. Vasculogenesis in kidney organoids upon transplantation. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:40. [DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids have potential for disease modeling and to be developed into clinically transplantable auxiliary tissue. However, they lack a functional vasculature, and the sparse endogenous endothelial cells (ECs) are lost upon prolonged culture in vitro, limiting maturation and applicability. Here, we use intracoelomic transplantation in chicken embryos followed by single-cell RNA sequencing and advanced imaging platforms to induce and study vasculogenesis in kidney organoids. We show expansion of human organoid-derived ECs that reorganize into perfused capillaries and form a chimeric vascular network with host-derived blood vessels. Ligand-receptor analysis infers extensive potential interactions of human ECs with perivascular cells upon transplantation, enabling vessel wall stabilization. Perfused glomeruli display maturation and morphogenesis to capillary loop stage. Our findings demonstrate the beneficial effect of vascularization on not only epithelial cell types, but also the mesenchymal compartment, inducing the expansion of ´on target´ perivascular stromal cells, which in turn are required for further maturation and stabilization of the neo-vasculature. The here described vasculogenic capacity of kidney organoids will have to be deployed to achieve meaningful glomerular maturation and kidney morphogenesis in vitro.
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Schumacher A, Roumans N, Rademakers T, Joris V, Eischen-Loges MJ, van Griensven M, LaPointe VL. Enhanced Microvasculature Formation and Patterning in iPSC–Derived Kidney Organoids Cultured in Physiological Hypoxia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:860138. [PMID: 35782512 PMCID: PMC9240933 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.860138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell–derived kidney organoids have been shown to self-organize from induced pluripotent stem cells into most important renal structures. However, the structures remain immature in culture and contain endothelial networks with low connectivity and limited organoid invasion. Furthermore, the nephrons lose their phenotype after approximately 25 days. To become applicable for future transplantation, further maturation in vitro is essential. Since kidneys in vivo develop in hypoxia, we studied the modulation of oxygen availability in culture. We hypothesized that introducing long-term culture at physiological hypoxia, rather than the normally applied non-physiological, hyperoxic 21% O2, could initiate angiogenesis, lead to enhanced growth factor expression and improve the endothelial patterning. We therefore cultured the kidney organoids at 7% O2 instead of 21% O2 for up to 25 days and evaluated nephrogenesis, growth factor expression such as VEGF-A and vascularization. Whole mount imaging revealed a homogenous morphology of the endothelial network with enhanced sprouting and interconnectivity when the kidney organoids were cultured in hypoxia. Three-dimensional vessel quantification confirmed that the hypoxic culture led to an increased average vessel length, likely due to the observed upregulation of VEGFA-189 and VEGFA-121, and downregulation of the antiangiogenic protein VEGF-A165b measured in hypoxia. This research indicates the importance of optimization of oxygen availability in organoid systems and the potential of hypoxic culture conditions in improving the vascularization of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Schumacher
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Nadia Roumans
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Timo Rademakers
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Virginie Joris
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maria José Eischen-Loges
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Vanessa L.S. LaPointe
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Vanessa L.S. LaPointe,
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Minuth WW. The mutual patterning between the developing nephron and its covering tissues-valid reasons to rethink the search for traces left by impaired nephrogenesis. Mol Cell Pediatr 2021; 8:9. [PMID: 34403001 PMCID: PMC8371049 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-021-00120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impairment of nephrogenesis can cause the termination of nephron formation in preterm and low birth weight babies. This leads to oligonephropathy with severe health consequences in later life. Although many clinical parameters are known, surprisingly little information is available regarding the initial damage on the developing nephron. Equally astounding, the first morphological data regarding the specifics of nephron formation in the nephrogenic zone of the fetal human kidney during late gestation has only been published within the past few years. In this context, it was observed that each stage of nephron anlage is surrounded by a specific set of tissues. Although highly relevant for the normal progress of nephron formation, the mutual patterning has not been systematically described. Results To contribute, the different stages of nephron anlage in the nephrogenic zone of the fetal human kidney during late gestation were screened by the optical microscope and documented by images. Following this, magnifications (28 × 18 cm) were produced to trace the contours of the developing nephron and its covering tissues. The resulting sketches, almost true to scale, were scanned, edited, and processed by a design program. As a base, first the individual position, size, and shape of the nephrogenic niche, pretubular aggregate, renal vesicles, comma- and S-shaped bodies are presented. Secondly, their structural relations to the renal capsule, collecting duct ampulla, perforating radiate artery, and expanding interstitium are shown. Third of all, the focus is on less considered configurations, such as site-specific approximation, local distancing, punctual adhesion, integration, separation, delamination, formation of congruent and divergent surfaces, and folding and opening of interstitial clefts. Conclusions The present contribution illuminates the mutual patterning between the developing nephron and its covering tissues. It is indispensable to know about the microanatomical relations, in order to identify whether the noxae impairing nephrogenesis targets only the developing nephron or also its covering tissues as interacting and controlling instances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will W Minuth
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Regensburg, D - 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Key features of the nephrogenic zone in the fetal human kidney—hardly known but relevant for the detection of first traces impairing nephrogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:589-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Minuth WW. Concepts for a therapeutic prolongation of nephrogenesis in preterm and low-birth-weight babies must correspond to structural-functional properties in the nephrogenic zone. Mol Cell Pediatr 2017; 4:12. [PMID: 29218481 PMCID: PMC5721096 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-017-0078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous investigations are dealing with anlage of the mammalian kidney and primary development of nephrons. However, only few information is available about the last steps in kidney development leading at birth to a downregulation of morphogen activity in the nephrogenic zone and to a loss of stem cell niches aligned beyond the organ capsule. Surprisingly, these natural changes in the developmental program display similarities to processes occurring in the kidneys of preterm and low-birth-weight babies. Although those babies are born at a time with a principally intact nephrogenic zone and active niches, a high proportion of them suffers on impairment of nephrogenesis resulting in oligonephropathy, formation of atypical glomeruli, and immaturity of parenchyma. The setting points out that up to date not identified noxae in the nephrogenic zone hamper primary steps of parenchyma development. In this situation, a possible therapeutic aim is to prolong nephrogenesis by medications. However, actual data provide information that administration of drugs is problematic due to an unexpectedly complex microanatomy of the nephrogenic zone, in niches so far not considered textured extracellular matrix and peculiar contacts between mesenchymal cell projections and epithelial stem cells via tunneling nanotubes. Thus, it remains to be figured out whether disturbance of morphogen signaling altered synthesis of extracellular matrix, disturbed cell-to-cell contacts, or modified interstitial fluid impair nephrogenic activity. Due to most unanswered questions, search for eligible drugs prolonging nephrogenesis and their reliable administration is a special challenge for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will W Minuth
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Minuth W. Reading First Coordinates from the Nephrogenic Zone in Human Fetal Kidney. Nephron Clin Pract 2017; 138:137-146. [DOI: 10.1159/000481441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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