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Ponugoti M, Guntupalli C, Malothu N. Morin hydrate mitigates calcium oxalate urolithiasis by inhibiting oxalate synthesis and modulating crystal formation. Urolithiasis 2024; 52:127. [PMID: 39237821 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis is a prevalent urinary disorder with significant clinical impact. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Morin Hydrate (MH), a natural bioflavonoid, in preventing CaOx stone formation. Molecular docking studies revealed that MH binds strongly to glycolate oxidase (GO), suggesting its inhibitory effect on oxalate synthesis. In vitro assays demonstrated that MH effectively inhibits CaOx crystal nucleation, aggregation, and growth, altering crystal morphology to less stable forms. Diuretic activity studies in Wistar rats showed that MH substantially increased urine volume and ion excretion, indicating its moderate diuretic effect. In vivo experiments further supported these findings, with MH treatment improving urinary and serum markers, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting renal tissue, as evidenced by histopathological analysis. Notably, MH administration significantly decreased GO and lactate dehydrogenase activities in urolithiatic rats, indicating a reduction in oxalate production. These results suggest that MH is a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of CaOx urolithiasis, with the potential for clinical application in reducing the risk and recurrence of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounica Ponugoti
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522502, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522002, India
| | - Chakravarthi Guntupalli
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522502, India.
| | - Narender Malothu
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522502, India
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Hu D, Pan J, Deng A, Ge D, Yao R, Hou B, Hao Z. Mendelian randomization study of urolithiasis: exploration of risk factors using human blood metabolites. BMC Urol 2024; 24:182. [PMID: 39198784 PMCID: PMC11350957 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urolithiasis is a highly prevalent global disease closely associated with metabolic factors; however, the causal relationship between blood metabolites and urolithiasis remains poorly understood. METHOD In our study, we employed a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal associations between urolithiasis and metabolites. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) estimation method was utilized as the primary approach, complemented by several other estimators including MR-Egger, weighted median, colocalization and MR-PRESSO. Furthermore, the study included replication and meta-analysis. Finally, we conducted metabolic pathway analysis to elucidate potential metabolic pathways. RESULTS After conducting multiple tests for correction, glycerol might contribute to the urolithiasis and dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) might inhibit this process. Furthermore, several blood metabolites had shown potential associations with a causal relationship. Among the protective metabolites were lipids (dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate and 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin)), amino acids (isobutyrylcarnitine and 2-aminobutyrate), a keto acid (acetoacetate) and a carbohydrate (mannose). The risk metabolites included lipids (1-palmitoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerol and cortisone), a carbohydrate (erythronate), a peptide (pro-hydroxy-pro) and a fatty acid (eicosenoate). In reverse MR analysis, urolithiasis demonstrated a statistically significant causal relationship with butyrylcarnitine, 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate, scyllo-inositol, leucylleucine and leucylalanine. However, it was worth noting that none of the blood metabolites exhibited statistical significance after multiple corrections. Additionally, we identified one metabolic pathway associated with urolithiasis. CONCLUSION The results we obtained demonstrate the causal relevance between two metabolites and urolithiasis, as well as identify one metabolic pathway potentially associated with its development. Given the high prevalence of urolithiasis, further investigations are encouraged to elucidate the mechanisms of these metabolites and explore novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekai Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiashan Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anqi Deng
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Defeng Ge
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bingbing Hou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zongyao Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Auhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Li J, Ke K, Zhang B, Liu Y, Bai J, Wang M, Li H. Association of single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor and calcium-sensitive receptor with calcium-containing kidney stones in Chinese Dai populations: a prospective multi-center study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04109-2. [PMID: 38886300 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between vitamin D receptor (VDRs) and calcium-sensitive receptor (CaSR) gene polymorphisms and calcium-containing kidney stones (CCKS) in Dai populations. METHODS A total of 160 CCKS patients and 87 healthy controls were included in this study. CCKS was confirmed using urological computed tomography (CT), plain abdominal radiograph, or surgical lithotomy. Stone samples obtained during surgery were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy. Venous blood and 24-h urine samples were collected and analyzed using Sanger sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Genetic variants in the VDR gene (rs7975232, rs2228570, rs731236, and rs1544410) and CaSR gene (rs7652589, rs1801725, and rs1042636) were identified through sequence analysis. RESULTS Analysis of genotype and allele frequencies revealed that the rs7975232 polymorphism in the VDR gene and the rs7652589 allele in the CaSR gene were significantly associated with CCKS. Furthermore, patients carrying the AC and AA genotypes of rs7975232 showed a higher incidence of hypocitraturia compared to those with other genotypes (p < 0.05). The AA and GG genotypes of rs1042636 and the AA genotype of rs7652589 were significantly associated with hypercalciuria (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CCKS in this study population may be closely related to hypocitraturia caused by the VDR locus rs7975232 polymorphism and hypercalciuria caused by the CaSR locus rs1042636 and rs7652589 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Yunnan Dehong People's Hospital, Dehong, 678400, Yunnan, China
| | - Kunbin Ke
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yidao Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Yunnan Dehong People's Hospital, Dehong, 678400, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Yunnan Dehong People's Hospital, Dehong, 678400, Yunnan, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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Aiumtrakul N, Thongprayoon C, Suppadungsuk S, Krisanapan P, Pinthusopon P, Mao MA, Arayangkool C, Vo KB, Wannaphut C, Miao J, Cheungpasitporn W. Global Trends in Kidney Stone Awareness: A Time Series Analysis from 2004-2023. Clin Pract 2024; 14:915-927. [PMID: 38804404 PMCID: PMC11130814 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the prevalence and incidence of kidney stones progressively increasing worldwide, public awareness of this condition remains unclear. Understanding trends of awareness can assist healthcare professionals and policymakers in planning and implementing targeted health interventions. This study investigated online search interest in "kidney stone" by analyzing Google Trends, focusing on stationarity of the trends and predicting future trends. METHODS We performed time series analysis on worldwide Google monthly search data from January 2004 to November 2023. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test was used to assess the stationarity of the data, with a p-value below 0.05 indicating stationarity. Time series forecasting was performed using the autoregressive integrated moving average to predict future trends. RESULTS The highest search interest for "kidney stone" (score 100) was in August 2022, while the lowest was in December 2007 (score 36). As of November 2023, search interest remained high, at 92. The ADF test was significant (p = 0.023), confirming data stationarity. The time series forecasting projected continued high public interest, likely reflecting ongoing concern and awareness. Notably, diverse regions such as Iran, the Philippines, Ecuador, the United States, and Nepal showed significant interest, suggesting widespread awareness of nephrolithiasis. CONCLUSION This study highlighted that "kidney stone" is a consistently relevant health issue globally. The increase and stationarity of search trends, the forecasted sustained interest, and diverse regional interest emphasize the need for collaborative research and educational initiatives. This study's analysis serves as a valuable tool for shaping future healthcare policies and research directions in addressing nephrolithiasis related health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppawit Aiumtrakul
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (N.A.); (C.A.); (K.B.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Charat Thongprayoon
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.T.); (S.S.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Supawadee Suppadungsuk
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.T.); (S.S.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Pajaree Krisanapan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.T.); (S.S.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Michael A. Mao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Chinnawat Arayangkool
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (N.A.); (C.A.); (K.B.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Kristine B. Vo
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (N.A.); (C.A.); (K.B.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Chalothorn Wannaphut
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (N.A.); (C.A.); (K.B.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Jing Miao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.T.); (S.S.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Wisit Cheungpasitporn
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.T.); (S.S.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
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Garcia-Chairez LR, Franco-Gonzalez CD, Gonzalez-Guillermo CA, Mendez-Atoche M, Sosa-Olivares CM, Cruz Nuricombo E, Robles Torres JI, Flores-Tapia JP. Prognostic Factors for Residual Lithiasis in Patients With Staghorn Calculi Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Maya Region of Yucatan, Mexico: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e57052. [PMID: 38681280 PMCID: PMC11050729 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yucatan stands out as the state with the highest prevalence of urolithiasis in Mexico, placing significant demands on healthcare services, such as consultation and surgical intervention. Staghorn calculi are related to recurrent urinary tract infections, and their management is always surgical. The stone-free rate is a parameter used to measure the success of surgery, with residual stones considered those persisting four weeks after surgical management. There are understudied prognostic factors that can predict the success of achieving stone-free status, taking into account the number of stones, their location, and the anatomical variations of the patient's collecting system. The study aims to determine the prognostic factors for residual lithiasis in patients with staghorn calculi treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy at the High Specialty Regional Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula. METHODS A case-control study was performed including 188 patients, aged 18 years or older, and diagnosed with staghorn calculus from January 2022 to June 2023, grouping the patients according to their stone-free rate evidence on postoperative computed tomography. Data were collected from the records of the Urology Department at a high-specialty hospital in Yucatan. The groups were analyzed, aiming to establish an association between preoperative factors and postoperative outcomes measured in terms of stone-free rate. RESULTS A total of 188 patients with staghorn calculi were included, with a predominance in females (58.5%) and a mean age of 45.4 ± 11.9 years. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (29.8%), and 27.7% had a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. Regarding the Sampaio classification, B1 was the most prevalent in our population with 66 cases (35.1%), while Type A2 was the least common (13.8%). According to what was obtained through the multivariate logistic regression model, the calyceal anatomy Type A1 and A2 were associated with residual lithiasis (p= 0.016 OR: 2.994 CI: 1.223-7.331), and Grade IV was associated with a higher rate of residual lithiasis (p=0.005 CI: 1.586-13.100). A statistically significant association was found between stone burden and the presence of residual lithiasis (p=< 0.001). CONCLUSION Guy's Score Grade IV showed a higher incidence of residual lithiasis, seemingly associated with stone burden, leading to the conclusion that both factors were categorized as predictors for the development of post-surgical residual lithiasis. Regarding anatomical variations according to Sampaio, it was observed that types A1 and A2 showed a lower rate of stone-free status. Therefore, we also consider them as variables that may influence the achievement of success in endourological management. Personalized patient assessment allows for more accurate prognostic factors, enabling a more comprehensive surgical planning in the presence of staghorn calculi.
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Wang R, Zhang J, Ren H, Qi S, Xie L, Xie H, Shang Z, Liu C. Dysregulated palmitic acid metabolism promotes the formation of renal calcium-oxalate stones through ferroptosis induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids/phosphatidic acid. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:85. [PMID: 38345762 PMCID: PMC10861707 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of renal calcium-oxalate (CaOx) stones is complex and influenced by various metabolic factors. In parallel, palmitic acid (PA) has been identified as an upregulated lipid metabolite in the urine and serum of patients with renal CaOx stones via untargeted metabolomics. Thus, this study aimed to mechanistically assess whether PA is involved in stone formation. Lipidomics analysis of PA-treated renal tubular epithelial cells compared with the control samples revealed that α-linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid were desaturated and elongated, resulting in the formation of downstream polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In correlation, the levels of fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 (FADS1 and FADS2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in these cells treated with PA were increased relative to the control levels, suggesting that PA-induced upregulation of PPARα, which in turn upregulated these two enzymes, forming the observed PUFAs. Lipid peroxidation occurred in these downstream PUFAs under oxidative stress and Fenton Reaction. Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis revealed significant changes in the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes in PA-treated renal tubular epithelial cells, induced by PUFA peroxides. In addition, phosphatidyl ethanolamine binding protein 1 (PEBP1) formed a complex with 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) to exacerbate PUFA peroxidation under protein kinase C ζ (PKC ζ) phosphorylation, and PKC ζ was activated by phosphatidic acid derived from PA. In conclusion, this study found that the formation of renal CaOx stones is promoted by ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells resulting from PA-induced dysregulation of PUFA and phosphatidic acid metabolism, and PA can promote the renal adhesion and deposition of CaOx crystals by injuring renal tubular epithelial cells, consequently upregulating adhesion molecules. Accordingly, this study provides a new theoretical basis for understanding the correlation between fatty acid metabolism and the formation of renal CaOx stones, offering potential targets for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haotian Ren
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyong Qi
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linguo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haijie Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Rungrasameviriya P, Santilinon A, Atichartsintop P, Hadpech S, Thongboonkerd V. Tight junction and kidney stone disease. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2210051. [PMID: 37162265 PMCID: PMC10832927 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2210051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects of tight junction (TJ) are involved in many diseases related to epithelial cell functions, including kidney stone disease (KSD), which is a common disease affecting humans for over a thousand years. This review provides brief overviews of KSD and TJ, and summarizes the knowledge on crystal-induced defects of TJ in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) in KSD. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, particularly COM, disrupt TJ via p38 MAPK and ROS/Akt/p38 MAPK signaling pathways, filamentous actin (F-actin) reorganization and α-tubulin relocalization. Stabilizing p38 MAPK signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, F-actin and α-tubulin by using SB239063, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), phalloidin and docetaxel, respectively, successfully prevent the COM-induced TJ disruption and malfunction. Additionally, genetic disorders of renal TJ, including mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CLDN2, CLDN10b, CLDN14, CLDN16 and CLDN19, also affect KSD. Finally, the role of TJ as a potential target for KSD therapeutics and prevention is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papart Rungrasameviriya
- Nawamethee Project, Doctor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aticha Santilinon
- Nawamethee Project, Doctor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Palita Atichartsintop
- Nawamethee Project, Doctor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Hadpech
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ahmed EM. Management of nephrolithiasis in the Middle East over a recent decade: A systematic review. Urol Ann 2024; 16:36-42. [PMID: 38415225 PMCID: PMC10896328 DOI: 10.4103/ua.ua_111_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is a prevalent issue around the globe, particularly in hot climates such as Saudi Arabia. This analysis's objectives were to investigate the characteristics of kidney stones in Eastern Saudi Arabia and to provide the following findings: urinary stone composition, gender and age distribution, seasonal variations in stone formation, coexisting diseases linked to stone development, and urinary stone incidence. With comparisons to European and American populations, the primary risk factors for nephrolithiasis in Asian populations are to be determined through this systematic review and meta-analysis. We synthesized data from 13 geographically different studies using a thorough literature search through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Potential targets for specialized public health programs were highlighted by the elucidation of differences in health-care-seeking behavior and disparities in health-care access. The results of this systematic analysis give doctors, researchers, and policymakers a thorough understanding of the condition of nephrolithiasis care in Saudi Arabia today. In addition, to maximize the care of nephrolithiasis in this particular group, this review identifies information gaps and highlights the necessity of context-specific guidelines and future research initiatives. All things considered, this systematic review addresses the unique possibilities and problems that exist within the Saudi Arabian health-care sector while also adding to the worldwide conversation on nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Vrielinck J, Janssens GPJ, Chantziaras I, Cools A, Maes D. Urolithiasis Problems in Finishing Pigs. Vet Sci 2023; 10:688. [PMID: 38133239 PMCID: PMC10748364 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes cases of urolithiasis in fattening pigs on two farms (A and B). Bladder rupture due to urethral obstruction with calculi was the principal finding during the necropsy of the pigs. An in-depth diagnostic examination was performed to elucidate possible pathophysiological mechanisms, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR) analysis of the uroliths, blood analysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 10 samples) for assessing concentrations of minerals, the bone resorption marker cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D components, biochemical urinalysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 7 samples), microscopic examination of urinary sediment (Farms A and B: 7 samples each), mineral composition of the feed, and analysis of the drinking water. Calcium carbonate was the main component found in stones from both farms, and calcium carbonate and struvite were the main components found in crystals from farms A and B, respectively. On farm A, urinary calcium excretion and urinary pH were high; on farm B, urinary phosphorus was high and urinary calcium was low with a normal urinary pH. The mineral compositions of the feed and drinking water were similar on both farms and could therefore not explain the difference between the two farms. Disturbances in calcium and phosphorus absorption and homeostasis might have been involved in these problems. Further research should focus on the calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the feed and take into account other factors, such as the absorption and excretion of minerals due to gut and urinary microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Vrielinck
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.P.J.J.); (I.C.)
- Veterinary Practice, Hospitaalstraat 38, 8906 Ieper-Elverdinge, Belgium
| | - Geert P. J. Janssens
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.P.J.J.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilias Chantziaras
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.P.J.J.); (I.C.)
| | - An Cools
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.P.J.J.); (I.C.)
| | - Dominiek Maes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.P.J.J.); (I.C.)
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Li Y, Lv J. Effect of external physical vibration lithecbole in obese patients with lower pole stones <15 mm after ESWL: a single-centre, randomized, open label clinical trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1101811. [PMID: 37711736 PMCID: PMC10498918 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1101811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) in obese patients with <15 mm lower pole stones following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods Two hundred and ninety-nine obese patients with BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 and lower pole stones smaller than 15 mm were prospectively randomized into two groups. While ESWL was the only option in the control group, patients in the treatment group accepted EPVL after receiving ESWL. Imaging tests were used to compare the stone expulsion status on day 1 and the stone-free rates (SFR) on the first, second, and fourth weekends. Results All 299 obese patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 152 patients assigned to the treatment group and 147 assigned to the control group. EPVL was effective in facilitating the expulsion of stone fragments. The treatment group's stone expulsion rate on the first day following EPVL was significantly greater than the control group's (66.4% vs. 51.7%, p = 0.009). Stone clearance rates in the treatment and control groups were 63.2 and 55.1% at 1 week (p = 0.041), 84.9 and 70.7% at 2 weeks (p = 0.011), and 90.8 and 79.6% at 4 weeks (p = 0.017), respectively. The complications (hematuria, lumbago, and fever) between the groups did not show any significance (p > 0.05). Patients in the treatment group received an average of 5.2 sessions. Conclusion EPVL is an efficient and secure procedure that facilitates lower pole stone discharge in obese patients following ESWL treatment. To support the aforementioned conclusions, additional large-scale multi-center prospective studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Jia S, Liao J, Wang Y, Zheng W, Jin J, Xu W, Zheng Q. Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and vice versa: a cumulative analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1180183. [PMID: 37469974 PMCID: PMC10352837 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1180183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nephrolithiasis is thought to be a risk factor for osteoporosis, but data assessing if osteoporosis predisposes to the risk of nephrolithiasis are lacking. The present study aims to investigate whether patients with nephrolithiasis have a prominently higher prevalence of osteoporosis than the controls and vice versa via a cumulative analysis. Methods Four databases were used to detect the eligible studies. We calculated the relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the combined effect. The methodologies for conducting this study followed the PRISMA guidelines and were registered in the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023395875). Results Nine case-control or cohort studies with a total of 454,464 participants were finally included. Combined results indicated that there was a significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis as compared to the general population without nephrolithiasis (overall RR from six studies= 1.204, 95%CI: 1.133 to 1.28, P< 0.001; heterogeneity: I2 = 34.8%, P= 0.162). Conversely, osteoporosis was significantly correlated to an increased risk of nephrolithiasis as compared to the controls without osteoporosis (overall RR from four studies= 1.505, 95%CI: 1.309 to 1.731, P< 0.001; I2 = 89.8%, P< 0.001). Sensitivity analysis on the two categories validated the above findings. No significant publication bias was identified in this study. Conclusions The present study highlighted a significantly high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and vice versa. This reciprocal association reminded the clinicians to conduct a regular follow-up assessment when managing patients with nephrolithiasis or osteoporosis, especially for the elderly. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced, identifier CRD42023395875.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbiao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinghua Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weifang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Wang A, Wang N, Zhang D, Wen J, Wang W. Relationship between Serum Selenium Level and Self-Reported History of Kidney Stone. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112549. [PMID: 37299511 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A relationship may exist between selenium and kidney calculi, but there is a lack of research in this field at present. Our study explored the relationship between the serum selenium level and a medical history of adult kidney calculi. We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2011 and 2016. Participants self-reported their history of kidney stones, while serum selenium levels were measured using inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry. Our findings indicate a negative correlation between serum selenium levels and the risk of kidney stone history. In the multiple-adjusted model, the lowest serum selenium level group had a higher risk than the other groups. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of ever having kidney stones for the highest serum selenium level group was 0.54 (0.33-0.88). In the results of stratified analysis, this relationship was still significant in the groups of women and those 40-59 years. We also found that as a nonlinear dose-response relationship between serum selenium levels and the history of kidney stones disease. In our research, we found that people with higher serum selenium levels had a lower risk of having a history of kidney stones. We concluded that selenium may have a protective effect on kidney stones. In the future, more population studies are needed to explore the relationship between selenium and kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ningrui Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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13
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Biomarkers in Urolithiasis. Urol Clin North Am 2023; 50:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yu L, Li G, Jin S, Su J, Li S. Identification of the core genes in Randall's plaque of kidney stone and immune infiltration with WGCNA network. Front Genet 2023; 14:1048919. [PMID: 36816033 PMCID: PMC9931196 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1048919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Randall's plaque is regarded as the precursor lesion of lithiasis. However, traditional bioinformatic analysis is limited and ignores the relationship with immune response. To investigate the underlying calculi formation mechanism, we introduced innovative algorithms to expand our understanding of kidney stone disease. Methods: We downloaded the GSE73680 series matrix from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) related to CaOx formation and excluded one patient, GSE116860. In the RStudio (R version 4.1.1) platform, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the limma package for GO/KEGG/GSEA analysis in the clusterProfiler package. Furthermore, high-correlated gene co-expression modules were confirmed by the WGCNA package to establish a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, the CaOx samples were processed by the CIBERSORT algorithm to anchor the key immune cells group and verified in the validation series matrix GSE117518. Results: The study identified 840 upregulated and 1065 downregulated genes. The GO/KEGG results revealed fiber-related or adhesion-related terms and several pathways in addition to various diseases identified from the DO analysis. Moreover, WGCNA selected highly correlated modules to construct a PPI network. Finally, 16 types of immune cells are thought to participate in urolithiasis pathology and are related to hub genes in the PPI network that are proven significant in the validation series matrix GSE117518. Conclusion: Randall's plaque may relate to genes DCN, LUM, and P4HA2 and M2 macrophages and resting mast immune cells. These findings could serve as potential biomarkers and provide new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Yu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyao Jin
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahong Su
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shoulin Li
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Shoulin Li,
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Lubawy M, Blacha A, Nowicki M, Deja T, Wałkowski K, Formanowicz D. Ghrelin and Leptin among Patients with Urolithiasis with Concomitant Hyperuricemia and Metabolic Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020285. [PMID: 36830821 PMCID: PMC9953092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The study evaluated the selected appetite hormones (ghrelin, leptin) and inflammatory parameters (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)) in patients with urolithiasis, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and hyperuricemia. Materials: 57 patients with urolithiasis, MetS and hyperuricemia (UP group) and 29 healthy people as the control group (CG group) were recruited to the study. All persons were 22-60 age. Methods: After preliminary testing, the qualified participants were evaluated for fasting serum levels of ghrelin, leptin, IL-6, and TNF-α. Results: Our results revealed differences between average values of leptin (p = 0.045), ghrelin (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.001) in the studied groups. Moreover, in the UP group, significant correlations were found between ghrelin and leptin; between these hormones and IL-6, and between leptin and uric acid (UA). Besides, leptin concentration increased significantly along with the changes in the body mass index (BMI) categories in the UP group. Conclusions: This study showed that patients with urolithiasis, concomitant MetS, and high UA levels may have problems managing appetite hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Lubawy
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (D.F.)
| | - Anna Blacha
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Nowicki
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Deja
- Ministry of Internal Affairs Hospital Poznan, Dojazd 34, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wałkowski
- Ministry of Internal Affairs Hospital Poznan, Dojazd 34, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (D.F.)
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16
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Moftakhar L, Jafari F, Ghoddusi Johari M, Rezaeianzadeh R, Hosseini SV, Rezaianzadeh A. Prevalence and risk factors of kidney stone disease in population aged 40-70 years old in Kharameh cohort study: a cross-sectional population-based study in southern Iran. BMC Urol 2022; 22:205. [PMID: 36536352 PMCID: PMC9764470 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney stone is the major cause of morbidity, and its prevalence is increasing in the world. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of kidney stone in the adult population of southern Iran based on the data of the Kharameh Cohort Study. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,663 individuals aged 40-70 years old, using the baseline data of Kharamah cohort study, which started in 2014. Among all participants, 2251 individuals had a history of kidney stone. The participants' demographic characteristics, behavioral habits, and the history of underlying diseases were investigated. The crude and Age Standardized Prevalence Rate of kidney stones was calculated. Also, logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of kidney stone. To check the goodness of fit index of the model, we used the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. All analyses were performed in STATA software. RESULTS The prevalence of kidney stone was estimated 21.11%. Also, the Age Standardized Prevalence Rate in men and women was calculated 24.3% and 18.7%, respectively. The mean age of the participants was 52.15 years. Higher prevalence of kidney stone was seen in women aged 40-50 years (40.47%, p = 0.0001) and moderate level of social economic status (31.47%, p = 0.03), men with overweight (44.69%, p < 0.0001) and those in a very high level of social economic status (35.75%, p = 0.001). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that the chance of having kidney stone was 1.17 times higher in diabetic individuals, 1.43 times higher in hypertensive individuals, 2.21 times higher in individuals with fatty liver, and 1.35 times higher in individuals with overweight. The level of socio economic status, male sex, and age were the other factors related to kidney stone. CONCLUSION In this study, underlying diseases such as fatty liver, diabetes, and hypertension as well as age, male sex, overweight, and high social economic status were identified as important risk factors for kidney stone. Therefore, identifying individuals at risk of kidney stone and providing the necessary training can greatly help to reduce this disease. However, health policymakers should prepare preventive strategies to reduce the occurrence of kidney stone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Moftakhar
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jafari
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ghoddusi Johari
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaeianzadeh
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Seyed Vahid Hosseini
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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The advances of calcium oxalate calculi associated drugs and targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Wang S, Zhou X, Qiu S, Cai B, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang K, Yang L, Chen L. Association between sleep quality and urolithiasis among general population in Western China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1787. [PMID: 36127664 PMCID: PMC9490950 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing number of studies have evidently shown that sleep disorders are associated with the recently increased risk of various diseases in general human population. However, the relationship between sleep quality and urolithiasis condition in humans is still unclear. The present study explored the relationship between quality of sleep and urolithiasis in Chinese population of population, western China and hence investigated the effects of sleep quality on urolithiasis disease. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS). The data was collected between May 2019 and June 2021. This study evaluated the association between the sleep quality and urolithiasis. The sleep quality was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) whereas urolithiasis, as the outcome was a binary variable. Multivariable logistic regression models that adjust the sociodemographic characteristics and health-related factors were used to assess the association between sleep quality and urolithiasis. Interaction was tested in prespecified subgroup of interest. Results After adjusting a series of confounding variables, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to have a significant positive correlation with the prevalence of urolithiasis (OR: 1.178; 95% CI = 1.083–1.282; p < 0.001). The risk of urolithiasis was significantly increased with an elevation of the component Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score in sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction. Conclusions It was evident that there is an association between sleep quality and prevalence of renal stones in natural population in western China regions. Poor sleep quality is related to urolithiasis. The findings of the current study hence highlighted the need for future public health guidelines to develop detailed strategies for improving sleep quality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14187-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Boyu Cai
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Yang
- The Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- The Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Department of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Lubawy M, Formanowicz D. Insulin Resistance and Urolithiasis as a Challenge for a Dietitian. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127160. [PMID: 35742405 PMCID: PMC9223170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Many obesity and diet-related diseases have been observed in recent years. Insulin resistance (IR), a state of tissue resistance to insulin due to its impaired function, is a common coexisting condition. The most important predisposing factors are excessive visceral fat and chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, IR’s pathogenesis is not fully understood. Hence, the diagnosis of IR should be carried out carefully because many different diagnostic paths do not always give equivalent results. An additional disease that is often associated with IR is urolithiasis. The common feature of these two conditions is metabolic acidosis and mild inflammation. A patient diagnosed with IR and urolithiasis is a big challenge for a dietitian. It is necessary to check a thorough dietary history, make an appropriate anthropometric measurement, plan a full-fledged diet, and carry out the correct nutritional treatment. It is also essential to conduct proper laboratory diagnostics to plan nutritional treatment, which is often a big challenge for dietitians. The diet’s basic assumptions are based on the appropriate selection of carbohydrates, healthy fats, and wholesome protein sources. It is also essential to properly compose meals, prepare them, and plan physical activities tailored to the abilities. The study aims to summarise the necessary information on IR with concomitant urolithiasis, which may be helpful in dietary practice.
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Noonin C, Peerapen P, Yoodee S, Kapincharanon C, Kanlaya R, Thongboonkerd V. Systematic analysis of modulating activities of native human urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein on calcium oxalate crystallization, growth, aggregation, crystal-cell adhesion and invasion through extracellular matrix. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 357:109879. [PMID: 35263610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Functions of Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), the most abundant human urinary protein, have been studied for decades. However, its precise roles in kidney stone formation remain controversial. In this study, we aimed to clarify the roles of native human urinary THP in calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) kidney stone formation. THP was purified from the human urine by adsorption method using diatomaceous earth (DE). Its effects on stone formation processes, including COM crystallization, crystal growth, aggregation, crystal-cell adhesion and invasion through extracellular matrix (ECM), were examined. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting confirmed that DE adsorption yielded 84.9% purity of the native THP isolated from the human urine. Systematic analyses revealed that THP (at 0.4-40 μg/ml) concentration-dependently reduced COM crystal size but did not affect the crystal mass during initial crystallization. At later steps, THP concentration-dependently inhibited COM crystal growth and aggregation, and prevented crystal-cell adhesion only at 40 μg/ml. However, THP did not affect crystal invasion through the ECM. Sequence analysis revealed two large calcium-binding domains (residues 65-107 and 108-149) and three small oxalate-binding domains (residues 199-207, 361-368 and 601-609) in human THP. Immunofluorescence study confirmed the binding of THP to COM crystals. Analyses for calcium-affinity and/or oxalate-affinity demonstrated that THP exerted a high affinity with only calcium, not oxalate. Functional validation revealed that saturation of THP with calcium, not with oxalate, could abolish the inhibitory effects of THP on COM crystal growth, aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion. These data highlight the inhibitory roles of the native human urinary THP in COM crystal growth, aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion, which are the important processes for kidney stone formation. Such inhibitory effects of THP are most likely mediated via its high affinity with calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadanat Noonin
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chompunoot Kapincharanon
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Wang R, Xie L, Zhang J, Li J, Xie H, Yang Y, Ren H, Shang Z, Liu C. Characterization of the Metabolites and Construction of a Novel Diagnostic Panel in Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis by Electrospray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) Metabolomics. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2040523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linguo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haijie Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haotian Ren
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Kaur R, Singh S, Singh TG, Sood P, Robert J. Covid-19: pharmacotherapeutic insights on various curative approaches in terms of vulnerability, comorbidities, and vaccination. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1-21. [PMID: 34981320 PMCID: PMC8722419 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and the world has suffered from a pandemic. As of 22nd March 2020, at least 185 countries worldwide had been affected by COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2, leading to COVID-19 pneumonia, infects cells through ACE-2 receptors. The disease has different clinical signs and symptoms, including chills, high fever, dyspnea, and cough. Other symptoms including haemoptysis, myalgia, diarrhoea, expectoration, and fatigue may also occur. The rapid rise in confirmation cases is severe in preventing and controlling COVID-19. In this review, the article will explore and evaluate the insights into how COVID influences patients with other comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Parkinson's, and how conditions Urolithiasis, anosmia, and anuria may develop after infection. The virus mutates and the variants are now prevalent in the present scenario where the world stands in eradicating the pandemic by looking into the development of vaccines by several countries and how the vaccination can temporarily help prevent COVID spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | | | - Pragati Sood
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Jiki Robert
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
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Anan G, Kudo D, Matsuoka T, Kaiho Y, Sato M. The impact of preoperative percutaneous nephrostomy as a treatment strategy before flexible ureteroscopy for impacted upper ureteral stones with hydronephrosis. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3756-3765. [PMID: 34804819 PMCID: PMC8575573 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of impacted upper ureteral stones with hydronephrosis remains a challenge for urologists. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative percutaneous nephrostomy (PNS) as a treatment strategy before flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) of asymptomatic impacted upper ureteral stones with hydronephrosis. Methods This multicenter retrospective study included patients who underwent PNS (group A, n=61) and those who did not (group B, n=75) before f-URS for asymptomatic impacted upper ureteral stones with hydronephrosis. Impacted ureteral stones are defined as those that remain in one position for >2 months. Operative outcomes, including stone-free rate, operation time, postoperative hospital days, and complication rate, were evaluated. Results There were no significant differences in age, sex, and stone size between the two groups except in the grade of hydronephrosis, with group A having more cases of advanced hydronephrosis than group B. The stone-free rate was significantly higher in group A than in group B [95% vs. 77% (P=0.004)]. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in operation time [55 vs. 55 min (P=0.84)], postoperative fever [5% vs. 5% (P=1.00)], and postoperative hospital days [2 vs. 2 days (P=0.44)]. In group A, preoperative PNS placement was performed 4 days before f-URS, and the PNS was removed postoperatively on the same day of the f-URS. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed in cases of grade 2 and 3 hydronephrosis. A total of 110 patients, 60 who underwent f-URS with PNS and 50 who underwent f-URS without PNS, were included. The stone-free rate was significantly higher in f-URS with PNS than in f-URS without PNS [95% vs. 76% (P=0.005)]. However, no significant differences were found between the groups in operation time, ureteral injury, postoperative fever, and postoperative hospital days. Conclusions At grade 2 or 3 hydronephrosis, preoperative PNS as a treatment strategy for a few days prior to f-URS for impacted upper ureteral stones improved the stone-free rate without increasing the operation time and postoperative length of hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Anan
- Department of Urology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kudo
- Department of Urology, Morioka Municipal Hospital, Morioka, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Kaiho
- Department of Urology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Sato
- Department of Urology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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24
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Steenbeke M, De Buyzere ML, Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR. On the protein content of kidney stones: an explorative study. Acta Clin Belg 2021; 77:845-852. [PMID: 34743670 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2021.1999569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kidney stone formation is complex; urinary protein inhibitors play a major role in natural defense against stone formation. Using attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy of kidney stones, proteins are usually not quantified and often reported as 'organic matrix', for which there is little attention: treatment of urolithiasis is based on the nature of the major organic/inorganic stone compound. Literature no longer regards urinary proteins as innocent bystander, but highlights the role of proteins as urolithiasis modulators. We explored the potential significance of the protein content of kidney stones. METHODS 800 stones were analyzed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; spectra were corrected for protein content. The ratio of the amide I peak (1655 cm-1) divided by the maximum peak was calculated. A subgroup of stones (n = 43) was weighed; protein concentration was assayed. Kidney stone composition was taken into account when calculating protein concentration. Electrophoresis was implemented to investigate the protein bands. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to study the influence of various demographic variables (age, gender, stone type) on protein concentration. RESULTS Protein concentration showed a marked variation according to the stone composition. High relative protein content (>0.4% stone mass) was found in mixed calcium apatite/calcium oxalate dihydrate stones, mixed calcium oxalate dihydrate/calcium oxalate monohydrate/calcium apatite stones, and mixed calcium oxalate monohydrate/brushite stones, whereas lower protein percentages were found in cystine, urate, and calcium oxalate monohydrate stones. Protein concentration was dependent of the patient's age. CONCLUSION ATR-FTIR is a practical way for assessing protein concentration in kidney stones. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A: absorbance; as, asymmetric vibrations; ATR-FTIR, attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared; β, standardized regression coefficient; CAP, calcium apatite; COD, calcium oxalate dihydrate; COM, calcium oxalate monohydrate; CV, coefficient of variation; δ, bending vibrations; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IQR, interquartile range; IR, infrared; LOD, limit of detection; LOQ, limit of quantification; MIR, mid-infrared; N or n, amount; r, correlation; r2, coefficient of determination; s, symmetric vibrations; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error; THP, Tamm-Horsfall protein; UA, uric acid; V, stretching vibrations; VIF: variance inflation factor; ZnSe, zinc selenide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Steenbeke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc L. De Buyzere
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijn M. Speeckaert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
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Lopez F, Varelo A, Hinojosa O, Mendez M, Trinh DH, ElBeze Y, Hubert J, Estrade V, Gonzalez M, Ochoa G, Daul C. Assessing deep learning methods for the identification of kidney stones in endoscopic images. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:2778-2781. [PMID: 34891825 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Knowing the type (i.e., the biochemical composition) of kidney stones is crucial to prevent relapses with an appropriate treatment. During ureteroscopies, kidney stones are fragmented, extracted from the urinary tract, and their composition is determined using a morpho-constitutional analysis. This procedure is time-consuming (the morpho-constitutional analysis results are only available after several weeks) and tedious (the fragment extraction lasts up to an hour). Identifying the kidney stone type only with the in-vivo endoscopic images would allow for the dusting of the fragments and eneable early treatments, while the morpho-constitutional analysis is ready. Only few contributions dealing with the in vivo identification of kidney stones have been published. This paper discusses and compares five classification methods including deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN)-based approaches and traditional (non DCNN-based) ones. Even if the best method is a DCCN approach with a precision and recall of 98% and 97% over four classes, this contribution shows that an XGBoost classifier exploiting well-chosen feature vectors can closely approach the performances of DCNN classifiers for a medical application with a limited number of annotated data.
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26
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Jin X, Jian Z, Chen X, Ma Y, Ma H, Liu Y, Gong L, Xiang L, Zhu S, Shu X, Qi S, Li H, Wang K. Short Chain Fatty Acids Prevent Glyoxylate-Induced Calcium Oxalate Stones by GPR43-Dependent Immunomodulatory Mechanism. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729382. [PMID: 34675921 PMCID: PMC8523925 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are the most common type of kidney stones and are associated with high recurrence, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and inflammation. However, it remains uncertain whether SCFAs affect the formation of CaOx stones through immunomodulation. We first performed mass cytometry (CyTOF) and RNA sequencing on kidney immune cells with glyoxylate-induced CaOx crystals (to elucidate the landscape of the associated immune cell population) and explored the role of SCFAs in renal CaOx stone formation through immunomodulation. We identified 29 distinct immune cell subtypes in kidneys with CaOx crystals, where CX3CR1+CD24- macrophages significantly decreased and GR1+ neutrophils significantly increased. In accordance with the CyTOF data, RNA sequencing showed that most genes involved were related to monocytes and neutrophils. SCFAs reduced kidney CaOx crystals by increasing the frequency of CX3CR1+CD24- macrophages and decreasing GR1+ neutrophil infiltration in kidneys with CaOx crystals, which was dependent on the gut microbiota. GPR43 knockdown by transduction with adeno-associated virus inhibited the alleviation of crystal formation and immunomodulatory effects in the kidney, due to SCFAs. Moreover, CX3CR1+CD24- macrophages regulated GR1+ neutrophils via GPR43. Our results demonstrated a unique trilateral relationship among SCFAs, immune cells, and the kidneys during CaOx formation. These findings suggest that future immunotherapies may be used to prevent kidney stones using SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongyu Jian
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwen Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lina Gong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Xiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Oxidative Modifications Switch Modulatory Activities of Urinary Proteins From Inhibiting to Promoting Calcium Oxalate Crystallization, Growth, and Aggregation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100151. [PMID: 34562649 PMCID: PMC8551538 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence/prevalence of kidney stone disease has been increasing around the globe, but its pathogenic mechanisms remained unclear. We evaluated effects of oxidative modifications of urinary proteins on calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation processes. Urinary proteins derived from 20 healthy individuals were modified by performic oxidation, and the presence of oxidatively modified urinary proteins was verified, quantified, and characterized by Oxyblot assay and tandem MS (nanoLC-electrospray ionization-linear trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-MS/MS). Subsequently, activities of oxidatively modified urinary proteins on CaOx stone formation processes were examined. Oxyblot assay confirmed the marked increase in protein oxidation level in the modified urine. NanoLC-electrospray ionization-linear trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-MS/MS identified a total of 193 and 220 urinary proteins in nonmodified and modified urine samples, respectively. Among these, there were 1121 and 5297 unambiguous oxidatively modified peptides representing 42 and 136 oxidatively modified proteins in the nonmodified and modified urine samples, respectively. Crystal assays revealed that oxidatively modified urinary proteins significantly promoted CaOx crystallization, crystal growth, and aggregation. By contrast, the nonmodified urinary proteins had inhibitory activities. This is the first direct evidence demonstrating that oxidative modifications of urinary proteins increase the risk of kidney stone disease by switching their modulatory activities from inhibiting to promoting CaOx crystallization, crystal growth, and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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28
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Yang X, Yao S, An J, Jin H, Wang H, Tuo B. SLC26A6 and NADC‑1: Future direction of nephrolithiasis and calculus‑related hypertension research (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:745. [PMID: 34458928 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is the most common type of urinary system disease in developed countries, with high morbidity and recurrence rates. Nephrolithiasis is a serious health problem, which eventually leads to the loss of renal function and is closely related to hypertension. Modern medicine has adopted minimally invasive surgery for the management of kidney stones, but this does not resolve the root of the problem. Thus, nephrolithiasis remains a major public health issue, the causes of which remain largely unknown. Researchers have attempted to determine the causes and therapeutic targets of kidney stones and calculus‑related hypertension. Solute carrier family 26 member 6 (SLC26A6), a member of the well‑conserved solute carrier family 26, is highly expressed in the kidney and intestines, and it primarily mediates the transport of various anions, including OXa2‑, HCO3‑, Cl‑ and SO42‑, amongst others. Na+‑dependent dicarboxylate‑1 (NADC‑1) is the Na+‑carboxylate co‑transporter of the SLC13 gene family, which primarily mediates the co‑transport of Na+ and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, such as citrate and succinate, amongst others. Studies have shown that Ca2+ oxalate kidney stones are the most prevalent type of kidney stones. Hyperoxaluria and hypocitraturia notably increase the risk of forming Ca2+ oxalate kidney stones, and the increase in succinate in the juxtaglomerular device can stimulate renin secretion and lead to hypertension. Whilst it is known that it is important to maintain the dynamic equilibrium of oxalate and citrate in the kidney, the synergistic molecular mechanisms underlying the transport of oxalate and citrate across kidney epithelial cells have undergone limited investigations. The present review examines the results from early reports studying oxalate transport and citrate transport in the kidney, describing the synergistic molecular mechanisms of SLC26A6 and NADC‑1 in the process of nephrolithiasis formation. A growing body of research has shown that nephrolithiasis is intricately associated with hypertension. Additionally, the recent investigations into the mediation of succinate via regulation of the synergistic molecular mechanism between the SLC26A6 and NADC‑1 transporters is summarized, revealing their functional role and their close association with the inositol triphosphate receptor‑binding protein to regulate blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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29
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Yoodee S, Noonin C, Sueksakit K, Kanlaya R, Chaiyarit S, Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. Effects of secretome derived from macrophages exposed to calcium oxalate crystals on renal fibroblast activation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:959. [PMID: 34381146 PMCID: PMC8358035 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between kidney stone disease and renal fibrosis has been widely explored in recent years but its underlying mechanisms remain far from complete understanding. Using label-free quantitative proteomics (nanoLC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS), this study identified 23 significantly altered secreted proteins from calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM)-exposed macrophages (COM-MP) compared with control macrophages (Ctrl-MP) secretome. Functional annotation and protein-protein interactions network analysis revealed that these altered secreted proteins were involved mainly in inflammatory response and fibroblast activation. BHK-21 renal fibroblasts treated with COM-MP secretome had more spindle-shaped morphology with greater spindle index. Immunofluorescence study and gelatin zymography revealed increased levels of fibroblast activation markers (α-smooth muscle actin and F-actin) and fibrotic factors (fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2) in the COM-MP secretome-treated fibroblasts. Our findings indicate that proteins secreted from macrophages exposed to COM crystals induce renal fibroblast activation and may play important roles in renal fibrogenesis in kidney stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chadanat Noonin
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Sueksakit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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30
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Khamchun S, Yoodee S, Thongboonkerd V. Dual modulatory effects of diosmin on calcium oxalate kidney stone formation processes: Crystallization, growth, aggregation, crystal-cell adhesion, internalization into renal tubular cells, and invasion through extracellular matrix. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111903. [PMID: 34328112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diosmin is a natural flavone glycoside (bioflavonoid) found in fruits and plants with several pharmacological activities. It has been widely used as a dietary supplement or therapeutic agent in various diseases/disorders. Although recommended, evidence of its protective mechanisms against kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), especially calcium oxalate (CaOx) monohydrate (COM) that is the most common type, remained unclear. In this study, we thus systematically evaluated the effects of diosmin (at 2.5-160 nM) on various stages of kidney stone formation processes, including COM crystallization, crystal growth, aggregation, crystal-cell adhesion, internalization into renal tubular cells and invasion through extracellular matrix (ECM). The results showed that diosmin had dose-dependent modulatory effects on all the mentioned COM kidney stone processes. Diosmin significantly increased COM crystal number and mass during crystallization, but reduced crystal size and growth. While diosmin promoted crystal aggregation, it inhibited crystal-cell adhesion and internalization into renal tubular cells. Finally, diosmin promoted crystal invasion through the ECM. Our data provide evidence demonstrating both inhibiting and promoting effects of diosmin on COM kidney stone formation processes. Based on these dual modulatory activities of diosmin, its anti-urolithiasis role is doubtful and cautions should be made for its use in kidney stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Khamchun
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; Unit of Excellence in Integrative Molecular Biomedicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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31
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Kim EJ, Crook MA. Urolithiasis: Don't forget the rarities. Ann Clin Biochem 2021; 58:392-394. [PMID: 34044610 DOI: 10.1177/00045632211018711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Kim
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Guys & St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M A Crook
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Guys & St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
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32
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Label-Free Protein Detection by Micro-Acoustic Biosensor Coupled with Electrical Field Sorting. Theoretical Study in Urine Models. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072555. [PMID: 33917374 PMCID: PMC8038679 DOI: 10.3390/s21072555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic devices for point-of-care (POC) urine analysis (urinalysis) based on microfluidic technology have been actively developing for several decades as an alternative to laboratory based biochemical assays. Urine proteins (albumin, immunoglobulins, uromodulin, haemoglobin etc.) are important biomarkers of various pathological conditions and should be selectively detected by urinalysis sensors. The challenge is a determination of different oligomeric forms of the same protein, e.g., uromodulin, which have similar bio-chemical affinity but different physical properties. For the selective detection of different types of proteins, we propose to use a shear bulk acoustic resonator sensor with an additional electrode on the upper part of the bioliquid-filled channel for protein electric field manipulation. It causes modulation of the protein concentration over time in the near-surface region of the acoustic sensor, that allows to distinguish proteins based on their differences in diffusion coefficients (or sizes) and zeta-potentials. Moreover, in order to improve the sensitivity to density, we propose to use structured sensor interface. A numerical study of this approach for the detection of proteins was carried out using the example of albumin, immunoglobulin, and oligomeric forms of uromodulin in model urine solutions. In this contribution we prove the proposed concept with numerical studies for the detection of albumin, immunoglobulin, and oligomeric forms of uromodulin in urine models.
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33
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González-Padilla DA, González-Díaz A, García-Rojo E, Abad-López P, Santos-Pérez de la Blanca R, Hernández-Arroyo M, Teigell-Tobar J, Peña-Vallejo H, Rodríguez-Antolín A, Cabrera-Meirás F. Analgesic refractory colic pain: Is prolonged conservative management appropriate? Am J Emerg Med 2021; 44:137-142. [PMID: 33618037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To propose a clear definition and management pathway of patients with analgesic refractory colic pain (ARCP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Prospective cohort study from February 2018 to February 2019 including patients with ARCP defined as ongoing renal colic pain after one dose of IV NSAID, IV paracetamol, and a parenteral opioid, given sequentially in that order. Patients were observed in-hospital under full parenteral analgesic management for 8-12 h, whenever patients had minimal or absent pain after conservative management (CM) they were discharged, and followed-up with new imaging within four weeks. If the pain was not controlled after CM, surgical management (double-J stent or ureteroscopy) was performed. We excluded patients with any other indication for urgent intervention or in cases where CM was deemed inappropriate (sepsis, acute renal failure, stones >10 mm in size, suspected concomitant urinary tract infection, bilateral ureteral stones, pregnancy, patients with a single kidney, kidney transplant recipients, difficult access to medical care or refusal to undergo CM). RESULTS Data from 60 patients was collected. The only variable associated with an increased risk of failed CM was a history of previous renal colic (OR 3.98 [95% CI 1.14-13.84], p = 0.02). Neither gender, age, stone size, location, or hydronephrosis grade were able to predict CM failure. 41.6% of patients were successfully managed conservatively and only 8% of them required scheduled surgical management at follow-up. CONCLUSION Our results show that a high proportion of patients with ARCP may be successfully managed conservatively with an extended observation period without complications at follow-up. These results should be replicated in a randomized controlled trial to confirm them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A González-Padilla
- Department of Urology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Department of Urology, University Hospital Infanta Sofía, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Pablo Abad-López
- Department of Urology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Selmi V, Sarı S, Caniklioğlu M, Öztekin Ü, Taspinar MS, Işıkay L. Effect of Endoscopic Ureteral Stone Treatment on Kidney Function. Cureus 2021; 13:e12883. [PMID: 33633912 PMCID: PMC7901160 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ureteral stones may have an influence on kidney functions due to postrenal obstruction or urinary infections. Urgent decompression or stone removal is necessary and recommended to prevent further complications in case of severe conditions such as anuria and urosepsis. Although it is believed that ureteral stone removal would result in renal function improvement, there are still unclear points on whether ureteroscopy (URS) can provide benefit as expected and has some adverse effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the alteration of kidney functions of patients who undergo rigid or flexible URS for ureteral stones and find if there are any influencing factors on kidney function alteration. MATERIALS AND METHOD We analyzed 126 patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal stones between May 2018 and February 2020 prospectively. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated on the day before the surgery, by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula. The calculation was repeated and saved three times during follow-up for the same patient; on the day after the operation, on the postoperative 30th day, and the postoperative 90th day. Then, we evaluated the renal function by comparing eGFR and assessed the predicting factors affecting the kidney function. RESULTS Preoperative mean eGFR was 82.28 ± 25.20 mL/min/1.73 m2 for the study group. Mean eGFR was calculated 90.92 ± 22.97 mL/min/1.73 m2 on the first postoperative day, and 94.54 ± 21.95 mL/min/1.73 m2 on the third-month follow-up. The mean change in eGFR was 8.63 ± 16.68 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the early period and 12.26 ± 21.09 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the long-term follow-up period. Fifty-one patients improved on chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage, and 13 deteriorated in three months follow-up. CONCLUSION Removing the stone and relieving the obstruction by ureteroscopic treatment have an alteration on eGFR. Although eGFR improves in the short-term follow-up, amelioration is evident in long-term follow-up, especially in female patients. The other predictive factors for eGFR improvement after URS are the presence of ureteral obstruction and high preoperative serum creatinine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Selmi
- Urology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TUR
| | - Sercan Sarı
- Urology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TUR
| | | | | | | | - Levent Işıkay
- Urology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TUR
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Sassanarakkit S, Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. StoneMod: a database for kidney stone modulatory proteins with experimental evidence. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15109. [PMID: 32934277 PMCID: PMC7493926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of molecular mechanisms for kidney stone formation is required to improve management of kidney stone disease with better therapeutic outcome. Recent kidney stone research has indicated critical roles of a group of proteins, namely ‘stone modulators’, in promotion or inhibition of the stone formation. Nevertheless, such information is currently dispersed and difficult to obtain. Herein, we present the kidney stone modulator database (StoneMod), which is a curated resource by obtaining necessary information of such stone modulatory proteins, which can act as stone promoters or inhibitors, with experimental evidence from previously published studies. Currently, the StoneMod database contains 10, 16, 13, 8 modulatory proteins that affect calcium oxalate crystallization, crystal growth, crystal aggregation, and crystal adhesion on renal tubular cells, respectively. Informative details of each modulatory protein and PubMed links to the published articles are provided. Additionally, hyperlinks to other protein/gene databases (e.g., UniProtKB, Swiss-Prot, Human Protein Atlas, PeptideAtlas, and Ensembl) are made available for the users to obtain additional in-depth information of each protein. Moreover, this database provides a user-friendly web interface, in which the users can freely access to the information and/or submit their data to deposit or update. Database URL:https://www.stonemod.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supatcha Sassanarakkit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Desoky EAE, Sakr AM, Alhefnawy M, Omran M, Abdalla MMH, Shahin AS, Ali MM. Renal protective effect of N-acetylcysteine with stepwise ramping voltage against extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy-induced renal injury: a prospective randomized trial. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:2261-2267. [PMID: 32729099 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the role of combination of N-acetylcysteine with stepwise ramping voltage in renal protection against the ischemic, vascular and oxidative effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective randomized trial on 164 adult patients scheduled for ESWL for single renal stones. Patients with radio-lucent stones, diabetes, hypertension, febrile UTI, and preoperative albuminuria were excluded from the study. Patients were randomized into one of four groups. Group A patients received maximal fixed voltage of ESWL. Group B patients received stepwise ramping voltage of ESWL. Group C patients received fixed maximal voltage with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 600 mg/bid from 48 h before to 24 h after the procedure. Group D patients received gradual ramping voltage with NAC. Urinary β2-microglobulin, 24 h albumin and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase/creatinine ratio at 1 day and 5 days post-ESWL and the stone free rate at 2 weeks were measured. RESULTS Group D was the only group that showed no significant difference pre and post ESWL in urinary albumin, β2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase/creatinine ratio. Post hoc analysis revealed no significant difference between group B and group C in albumin, β2-microglobulin N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase/creatinine ratio, but both of them had significantly lower levels than group A and significantly higher levels than group D. There was no statistically significant difference between all groups in the stone free rate at 2 weeks. CONCLUSION N-acetylcysteine protects the kidney against ESWL-induced renal injuries especially if combined with stepwise ramping voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam A E Desoky
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sakr
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alhefnawy
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Omran
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ashraf S Shahin
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Maged M Ali
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Strittmatter F, Eisel M, Brinkmann R, Cordes J, Lange B, Sroka R. Laser‐induced lithotripsy: a review, insight into laboratory work, and lessons learned. TRANSLATIONAL BIOPHOTONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tbio.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maximilian Eisel
- Department of UrologyLMU‐Hospital Munich Germany
- Laser‐Forschungslabor, Department of Urology, LIFE CenterLMU‐Hospital Munich Germany
| | | | - Jens Cordes
- Department of UrologyUniversity Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein, Lübeck Campus Lübeck Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | | | - Ronald Sroka
- Department of UrologyLMU‐Hospital Munich Germany
- Laser‐Forschungslabor, Department of Urology, LIFE CenterLMU‐Hospital Munich Germany
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Jiang K, Hu J, Luo G, Song D, Zhang P, Zhu J, Sun F. miR-155-5p Promotes Oxalate- and Calcium-Induced Kidney Oxidative Stress Injury by Suppressing MGP Expression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5863617. [PMID: 32215174 PMCID: PMC7081043 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5863617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxalate and calcium are the major risk factors for calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study was designed to confirm the potential function of miR-155-5p in the formation of CaOx induced by oxalate and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). The HK-2 cells were treated by the different concentrations of oxalate and COM for 48 h. We found that oxalate and COM treatment significantly increased ROS generation, LDH release, cellular MDA levels, and H2O2 concentration in HK-2 cells. The results of qRT-PCR and western blot showed that expression of NOX2 was upregulated, while that of SOD-2 was downregulated following the treatment with oxalate and COM in HK-2 cells. Moreover, the results of miRNA microarray analysis showed that miR-155-5p was significantly upregulated after oxalate and COM treated in HK-2 cells, but miR-155-5p inhibitor treatment significantly decreased ROS generation, LDH release, cellular MDA levels, and H2O2 concentration in HK-2 cells incubated with oxalate and COM. miR-155-5p negatively regulated the expression level of MGP via directly targeting its 3'-UTR, verified by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter System. In vivo, polarized light optical microphotography showed that CaOx crystal significantly increased in the high-dose oxalate and Ca2+ groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, IHC analyses showed strong positive staining intensity for the NOX-2 protein in the high-dose oxalate and Ca2+-treated mouse kidneys, and miR-155-5p overexpression can further enhance its expression. However, the expression of SOD-2 protein was weakly stained. In conclusion, our study indicates that miR-155-5p promotes oxalate- and COM-induced kidney oxidative stress injury by suppressing MGP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianxin Hu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Guangheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Dalong Song
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Urology, Panzhou People's Hospital, Panzhou, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Fa Sun
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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Sueksakit K, Thongboonkerd V. Protective effects of finasteride against testosterone-induced calcium oxalate crystallization and crystal-cell adhesion. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:973-983. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Savci U, Sungur M, Sahin M, Eser B, Caliskan S. In vitro bactericidal effect of Ho:YAG laser and pneumatic lithotripsy on ureteral stones colonized with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Urolithiasis 2019; 48:159-165. [PMID: 30895328 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-019-01130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The endoscopic treatment of urolithiasis has a high success rate and the complications decreased after the development of lithotripsy techniques. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro bactericidal effect of laser and pneumatic lithotripsy on urinary stones colonized with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. A total of 40 natural calcium oxalate stones, which were obtained from the patients' urinary systems with rigid ureteroscopy were used in the study. Surfaces of the stones were colonized with E. coli and E. faecalis strains. The fragmentation of the stones was performed using holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Ho:YAG laser) and pneumatic lithotripters in vitro in Eppendorf tubes filled with liquid. After fragmentation, samples taken from Eppendorf tubes were inoculated on blood and EMB agar. The number of colonies was evaluated after 18-24-hour incubation period. The laser lithotripsy technique reduced the number of colonies by 100% and had bactericidal effect on E. coli and E. faecalis. Pneumatic lithotripsy technique had no bactericidal effect on these strains (0%). In the fifth minute of laser irradiation, the average temperature in the Eppendorf tube was 51-55 °C, and the average temperature in the tenth minute was 54-60 °C. The temperatures did not change in the fifth and tenth minutes with the pneumatic lithotripsy procedure. The present study revealed the bactericidal effect of Ho:YAG laser on E. coli and E. faecalis in vitro. Increased ambient temperature during Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy is thought to play a role in the bactericidal effect. But the question of whether an ideal lithotripter efficiently inactivates or destroys bacteria has still not been answered in urology practice. This preliminary study showed the bactericidal effect of Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy, but further studies are needed to investigate the bactericidal effect of Ho:YAG laser in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unsal Savci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hitit University Erol Olcok Education and Research Hospital, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sungur
- Department of Urology, Hitit University Erol Olcok Education and Research Hospital, 19040, Çorum, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hitit University Erol Olcok Education and Research Hospital, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Baris Eser
- Department of Nephrology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Selahattin Caliskan
- Department of Urology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cancer as a risk factor for urinary tract calculi: a retrospective cohort study using 'The Health Improvement Network' : Cancer and urinary tract calculi. Urolithiasis 2019; 47:541-547. [PMID: 30879105 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-019-01127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Urolithiasis is a common condition that poses significant morbidity to patients. There are similarities in the development of certain cancers and urinary tract calculi (UTC), however, little is known about their temporal relationship. This study aims to identify if cancer is a risk factor for the development of UTC. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted for the period 1st January 1990 to 1st May 2016. 124,901 exposed patients identified using clinical codes with newly diagnosed cancer were matched to 476,203 unexposed controls by age, gender, BMI, and general practice. The main outcome measure was the risk of developing UTC described by hazard ratios. RESULTS There were 512 incident UTC events in the cancer group compared to 1787 in the unexposed controls. This translated to an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% CI 1.14-1.39; p < 0.001). A sub-analysis assessing cancer-specific effects demonstrated increased risks for 10 out of 12 common cancers, most significantly in bladder, colorectal and prostate cancer. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a 26% increased risk of UTC in cancer patients suggesting wider recognition of this risk amongst clinicians could improve diagnosis and prevention of UTC, as well as encourage further research exploring this association.
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Lingeman JE, Pareek G, Easter L, Pease R, Grujic D, Brettman L, Langman CB. ALLN-177, oral enzyme therapy for hyperoxaluria. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:601-608. [PMID: 30783888 PMCID: PMC6459785 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the potential of ALLN-177, an orally administered, oxalate-specific enzyme therapy to reduce urine oxalate (UOx) excretion in patients with secondary hyperoxaluria. Methods Sixteen male and female subjects with both hyperoxaluria and a kidney stone history were enrolled in an open-label study. Subjects continued their usual diets and therapies. During a 3-day baseline period, two 24-h (24-h) urines were collected, followed by a 4-day treatment period with ALLN-177 (7,500 units/meal, 3 × day) when three 24-h urines were collected. The primary endpoint was the change in mean 24-h UOx from baseline. Safety assessments and 24-h dietary recalls were performed throughout. Results The study enrolled 5 subjects with enteric hyperoxaluria and 11 with idiopathic hyperoxaluria. ALLN-177 was well tolerated. Overall mean (SD) UOx decreased from 77.7 (55.9) at baseline to 63.7 (40.1) mg/24 h while on ALLN-177 therapy, with the mean reduction of 14 mg/24 h, (95% CI − 23.71, − 4.13). The calcium oxalate-relative urinary supersaturation ratio in the overall population decreased from a mean of 11.3 (5.7) to 8.8 (3.8) (− 2.8; 95% CI − 4.9, − 0.79). This difference was driven by oxalate reduction alone, but not any other urinary parameters. Mean daily dietary oxalate, calcium, and fluid intake recorded by frequent diet recall did not differ by study periods. Conclusion ALLN-177 reduced 24-h UOx excretion, and was well tolerated. The results of this pilot study provided justification for further investigation of ALLN-177 in patients with secondary hyperoxaluria. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02289755.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Lingeman
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1801 N Senate Blvd #220, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gyan Pareek
- Division of Urology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 2 Dudley Street Suite 174, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Linda Easter
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1st Floor, Meads Hall, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27106, USA
| | - Rita Pease
- Allena Pharmaceuticals, One Newton Executive Park, Suite 202, Newton, MA, 02462, USA
| | - Danica Grujic
- Allena Pharmaceuticals, One Newton Executive Park, Suite 202, Newton, MA, 02462, USA
| | - Lee Brettman
- Allena Pharmaceuticals, One Newton Executive Park, Suite 202, Newton, MA, 02462, USA
| | - Craig B Langman
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Downregulated Expression of Solute Carrier Family 26 Member 6 in NRK-52E Cells Attenuates Oxalate-Induced Intracellular Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1724648. [PMID: 30405874 PMCID: PMC6199878 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1724648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 26 member 6 (Slc26a6), which is mainly expressed in the intestines and kidneys, is a multifunctional anion transporter that is crucial in the transport of oxalate anions. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of Slc26a6 expression on oxalate-induced cell oxidation and crystal formation. Lentivirus transfection was used to upregulate or downregulate Slc26a6 expression in NRK cells. Cell viability and apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Crystal adhesion and the cell ultrastructure were observed using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three groups of rats, normal control, lentivirus-vector, and lentivirus-small interfering RNA (lv-siRNA) groups, were used, and after lentivirus transfection, they were fed 1% ethylene glycol (EG) and 0.5% ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) for 2 weeks. Dihydroethidium (DHE), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) deoxyuridine dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), and von Kossa staining were performed, and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and osteopontin (OPN) expression were measured. In the vitro study, compared to the control group, downregulated Slc26a6 NRK cells showed alleviation of the cell viability decrease, cell apoptosis rate, ROS generation, and SOD activity decrease after oxalate treatment. Crystal adhesion and vesicles were significantly less after oxalate exposure than in the untreated controls. Rats infected with lentivirus-siRNA exhibited attenuated SOD generation, cell apoptosis, and crystal formation in the kidneys. Increased phosphorylation of NFκB and OPN was involved in the pathological process. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that reducing the expression of Slc26a6 in the kidney may be a potential strategy for preventing stone formation.
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Jiang H, Pokhrel G, Chen Y, Wang T, Yin C, Liu J, Wang S, Liu Z. High expression of SLC26A6 in the kidney may contribute to renal calcification via an SLC26A6-dependent mechanism. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5192. [PMID: 30002986 PMCID: PMC6034601 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solute-linked carrier 26 gene family 6 (SLC26A6), which is mainly expressed in intestines and kidneys, is a multifunctional anion transporter crucial in the transport of oxalate anions. This study aimed to investigate the role of kidney SLC26A6 in urolithiasis. Methods Patients were divided into two groups: stone formers and nonstone formers. Samples were collected from patients following nephrectomy. Lentivirus with Slc26a6 (lentivirus-Slc26a6) sequence and lentivirus with siRNA-Slc26a6 (lentivirus-siRNA-Slc26a6) sequence were transfected into rats’ kidneys respectively and Slc26a6 expression was detected using Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. After administering ethylene glycol, oxalate concentration and prevalence of stone formation between the transgenic and control groups were measured using 24-h urine analysis and Von Kossa staining, respectively. Results Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses indicated that stone formers had a significantly higher level of expression of SLC26A6 in the kidney compared with the control group. After lentivirus infection, the urinary oxalate concentration and rate of stone formation in lentivirus-Slc26a6-tranfected rats increased remarkably, while lentivirus-siRNA-Slc26a6-transfected rats showed few crystals. Conclusion The results showed that high expression levels of renal SLC26A6 may account for kidney stone formation. Downregulating the expression of SLC26A6 in the kidney may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent or treat urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaurab Pokhrel
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinwei Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunping Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The pathophysiological mechanisms in kidney stone formation are insufficiently understood. In order to achieve a better understanding of the complexity of stone formation, studies evaluating anatomical variations in the renal papillae have been performed. This review intends to illuminate recent findings. Moreover, new techniques to improve the understanding and interpretation of crystallization mechanisms are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS Due to improvements of digital ureteroscopes, detailed endoscopic mapping of renal papillae is now possible. Connections between papillary morphology and histopathological changes in different subsets of stone formers have been documented. The formation of kidney stones seems to take place in relation to Randall's plaques, Ducts of Bellini or by free formation. Additionally, theories of kidney stone formation because of vascular injury or inflammatory events in the papillae have been suggested. SUMMARY Novel techniques including improved digital endoscopic visualization, microcomputed tomography (CT), electron microscopy and energy dispersive compositional analyses of kidney stones seem essential in the search for effective and reliable methods to understand stone forming processes, which ultimately should result in effective measures for more personalized stone prevention strategies in the future.
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