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Abdel-Alim GA, Aly SM, Khattab MS, Badawy AM, Naguib MG, Abdelhamid TM, Hussein HA, Morsy EA. Adenovirus type D and type E infection in broiler chickens: the effect on CD4 and CD8 T cell response, cytokines expression and their immunopathology. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:688-696. [PMID: 37610326 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2248586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
1. A total of 150-day-old chicks were divided into three groups of 50 birds (G1-G3); G1 and G2 were orally inoculated at 1-day old with 0.5 ml of 107 TCID50/ml FAdV-D serotype 2 (MT386509.1) and FAdV-E serotype 8a (MW847902), respectively, and G3 was blank control group.2. Cell-mediated immune response was evaluated by detection of CD4, CD8 T lymphocytes and the mRNA expression of IL6 and IL8 in the chicken spleen using q-PCR. Additionally, immunopathology was performed at 3, 5 and 7 day post infection (dpi) and weekly until the end of the experiment.3. Results revealed that transcription of inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL8) was up regulated in the spleen of FAdV type D and type E infected chickens at various time points relative to the control group. A marked decrease in the number of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes at 5 and 7 dpi in G1 of chickens infected with FAdV type D. Whereas, in chickens infected with FAdV type E, the CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes were markedly decreased at 7 dpi.4. In contrast, there were no significant differences in humoral immune responses against NDV vaccine in (G1 and G2) at different intervals post-vaccination compared to the control group. The histopathology of the bursa, thymus, and spleen in the infected groups showed lymphocytolysis with severe reticular cells hyperplasia and lymphoid depletion.5. In conclusion, fowl adenovirus types D and E have an immunosuppressive effect in broilers which may be considered one of the main causes of the continuous co-infections with other viruses reported in the field during the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Abdel-Alim
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Aly
- Department of Immunology, Animal Health Research Institute Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - M S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Badawy
- Department of Immunology, Animal Health Research Institute Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - M G Naguib
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - T M Abdelhamid
- Department of Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - H A Hussein
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E A Morsy
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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The antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of Ionophores for the treatment of human infection. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 227:111661. [PMID: 34896767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ionophores are a diverse class of synthetic and naturally occurring ion transporter compounds which demonstrate both direct and in-direct antimicrobial properties against a broad panel of bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic pathogens. In addition, ionophores can regulate the host-immune response during communicable and non-communicable disease states. Although the clinical use of ionophores such as Amphotericin B, Bedaquiline and Ivermectin highlight the utility of ionophores in modern medicine, for many other ionophore compounds issues surrounding toxicity, bioavailability or lack of in vivo efficacy studies have hindered clinical development. The antimicrobial and immunomodulating properties of a range of compounds with characteristics of ionophores remain largely unexplored. As such, ionophores remain a latent therapeutic avenue to address both the global burden of antimicrobial resistance, and the unmet clinical need for new antimicrobial therapies. This review will provide an overview of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of ionophores, and their potential uses in clinical medicine for combatting infection.
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Ekerette EE, Ikpeme EV, Efienokwu JN, Ozoje MO. Immune Response of Nigerian Chicken Genotypes to Salmonella and Newcastle Vaccines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/tasr.2019.296.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Su Q, Li Y, Meng F, Cui Z, Chang S, Zhao P. Newcastle disease virus-attenuated vaccine co-contaminated with fowl adenovirus and chicken infectious anemia virus results in inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry. Vet Microbiol 2018; 218:52-59. [PMID: 29685221 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (IBH-HPS) induced by fowl adenovirus type 4 (FAdV-4) has caused huge economic losses to the poultry industry of China, but the source of infection for different flocks, especially flocks with high biological safety conditions, has remained unclear. This study tested the pathogenicity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-attenuated vaccine from a large-scale poultry farm in China where IBH-HPS had appeared with high mortality. Analysis revealed that the NDV-attenuated vaccine in use from the abovementioned poultry farm was simultaneously contaminated with FAdV-4 and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV). The FAdV and CIAV isolated from the vaccine were purified for the artificial preparation of an NDV-attenuated vaccine singly contaminated with FAdV or CIAV, or simultaneously contaminated with both of them. Seven-day-old specific pathogen-free chicks were inoculated with the artificially prepared contaminated vaccines and tested for corresponding indices. The experiments showed that no hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) and corresponding death occurred after administering the NDV-attenuated vaccine singly contaminated with FAdV or CIAV, but a mortality of 75% with IBH-HPS was commonly found in birds after administering the NDV-attenuated vaccine co-contaminated with FAdV and CIAV. In conclusion, this study found the co-contamination of FAdV-4 and CIAV in the same attenuated vaccine and confirmed that such a contaminated attenuated vaccine was a significant source of infection for outbreaks of IBH-HPS in some flocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, 369 Nanjing Street, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Fanfeng Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Zhizhong Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Shuang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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Gao X, Peng L, Ruan X, Chen X, Ji H, Ma J, Ni H, Jiang S, Guo D. Transcriptome profile analysis reveals cardiotoxicity of maduramicin in primary chicken myocardial cells. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:1267-1281. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Györke A, Pop L, Cozma V. Prevalence and distribution of Eimeria species in broiler chicken farms of different capacities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:50. [PMID: 24309007 PMCID: PMC3852269 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2013052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a survey in broiler farms from Romania to establish prevalence and distribution of Eimeria species using single PCR assay. We found Eimeria spp. in 21 (91%) out of 23 flocks, and in 11 (92%) out of 12 farms. Four species of Eimeria were identified: E. acervulina (21/23; 91%), E. tenella (14/23; 61%), E. maxima (5/23; 22%) and E. praecox (3/23; 13%). Infection with a single species (E. acervulina) was detected in 6 (26%) infected flocks originated from large farms. Mixed infections were found in 15 (65%) flocks and the most prevalent combination was E. acervulina + E. tenella (8/23; 35%). Four flocks (17%) harboured mixed infection with E. acervulina + E. tenella + E. maxima. E. acervulina was significantly more prevalent in flocks that received ionophores as anticoccidial feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Györke
- Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Kapczynski DR, Afonso CL, Miller PJ. Immune responses of poultry to Newcastle disease virus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 41:447-53. [PMID: 23623955 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) remains a constant threat to poultry producers worldwide, in spite of the availability and global employment of ND vaccinations since the 1950s. Strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) belong to the order Mononegavirales, family Paramyxoviridae, and genus Avulavirus, are contained in one serotype and are also known as avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 (APMV-1). They are pleomorphic in shape and are single-stranded, non-segmented, negative sense RNA viruses. The virus has been reported to infect most orders of birds and thus has a wide host range. Isolates are characterized by virulence in chickens and the presence of basic amino acids at the fusion protein cleavage site. Low virulent NDV typically produce subclinical disease with some morbidity, whereas virulent isolates can result in rapid, high mortality of birds. Virulent NDV are listed pathogens that require immediate notification to the Office of International Epizootics and outbreaks typically result in trade embargos. Protection against NDV is through the use of vaccines generated with low virulent NDV strains. Immunity is derived from neutralizing antibodies formed against the viral hemagglutinin and fusion glycoproteins, which are responsible for attachment and spread of the virus. However, new techniques and technologies have also allowed for more in depth analysis of the innate and cell-mediated immunity of poultry to NDV. Gene profiling experiments have led to the discovery of novel host genes modulated immediately after infection. Differences in virus virulence alter host gene response patterns have been demonstrated. Furthermore, the timing and contributions of cell-mediated immune responses appear to decrease disease and transmission potential. In view of recent reports of vaccine failure from many countries on the ability of classical NDV vaccines to stop spread of disease, renewed interest in a more complete understanding of the global immune response of poultry to NDV will be critical to developing new control strategies and intervention programs for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell R Kapczynski
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA 30605, United States.
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Hydropericardium syndrome: current state and future developments. Arch Virol 2012; 158:921-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lee KW, Lillehoj HS, Jang SI, Pagès M, Bautista DA, Pope CR, Ritter GD, Lillehoj EP, Neumann AP, Siragusa GR. Effects of in ovo vaccination and anticoccidials on the distribution of Eimeria spp. in poultry litter and serum antibody titers against coccidia in broiler chickens raised on the used litters. Res Vet Sci 2012; 93:177-82. [PMID: 21641010 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the effects of various field anticoccidial programs on the distribution of Eimeria spp. in poultry litter and serum antibody titers against coccidia in broiler chickens raised on the used litters. The programs included in ovo vaccination and various medications with either chemicals, ionophores, or both. In general, serum samples from these chickens showed anticoccidial antibody titers when tested at days 7 and 14 post hatch with the peak response at day 43. Serum anticoccidial titers were highest in birds fed a non-medicated diet compared with those vaccinated or fed medicated diets. Total number of Eimeria oocysts and the composition of Eimeria spp. present in the litter samples from different treatment groups varied depending on the type of anticoccidial program. Oocyst counts in general ranged from 3.7×10(3) to 7.0×10(4) per g of litter. Importantly, both morphological and molecular typing studies revealed four major predominant Eimeria spp., E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. praecox, and E. tenella in the litter samples. Collectively, these results indicate that the field anticoccidial programs influenced the type and abundance of Eimeria spp. present in the litter samples and also modulated host immune response to Eimeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Woo Lee
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Lee K, Lillehoj H, Jang S, Li G, Bautista D, Phillips K, Ritter D, Lillehoj E, Siragusa G. Effects of coccidiosis control programs on antibody levels against selected pathogens and serum nitric oxide levels in broiler chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Pantcheva IN, Ivanova J, Zhorova R, Mitewa M, Simova S, Mayer-Figge H, Sheldrick WS. Nickel(II) and zinc(II) dimonensinates: Single crystal X-ray structure, spectral properties and bactericidal activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Khalifeh M, Amawi M, Abu-Basha E, Yonis IB. Assessment of humoral and cellular-mediated immune response in chickens treated with tilmicosin, florfenicol, or enrofloxacin at the time of Newcastle disease vaccination. Poult Sci 2009; 88:2118-24. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Munir K, Muneer M, Masaoud E, Tiwari A, Mahmud A, Chaudhry R, Rashid A. Dietary arginine stimulates humoral and cell-mediated immunity in chickens vaccinated and challenged against hydropericardium syndrome virus. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1629-38. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Kevin Ii DA, Meujo DA, Hamann MT. Polyether ionophores: broad-spectrum and promising biologically active molecules for the control of drug-resistant bacteria and parasites. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2009; 4:109-46. [PMID: 23480512 PMCID: PMC4896753 DOI: 10.1517/17460440802661443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens continue to emerge, there is a substantial amount of pressure to identify new drug candidates. Carboxyl polyethers, also referred to as polyether antibiotics, are a unique class of compounds with outstanding potency against a variety of critical infectious disease targets including protozoa, bacteria and viruses. The characteristics of these molecules that are of key interest are their selectivity and high potency against several MDR etiological agents. OBJECTIVE Although many studies have been published about carboxyl polyether antibiotics, there are no recent reviews of this class of drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of the spectrum of activity of polyether antibiotics, their mechanism of action, toxicity and potential as drug candidates to combat drug-resistant infectious diseases. CONCLUSION Polyether ionophores show a high degree of promise for the potential control of drug-resistant bacterial and parasitic infections. Despite the long history of use of this class of drugs, very limited medicinal chemistry and drug optimization studies have been reported, thus leaving the door open to these opportunities in the future. Scifinder and PubMed were the main search engines used to locate articles relevant to the topic presented in the present review. Keywords used in our search were specific names of each of the 88 compounds presented in the review as well as more general terms such as polyethers, ionophores, carboxylic polyethers and polyether antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dion A Kevin Ii
- Professor of Pharmacy, Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Mississippi, National Center for Natural Products Research, CSO of Triton Biopharma, Department of Pharmacognosy, 407 Faser Hall, University, MS 38677, USA +1 662 915 5730 ; +1 662 915 6975 ;
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Munir K, Muneer M, Tiwari A, Masaoud E, Chaudhry R. Effects of salinomycin on cell-mediated immunity of broiler chickens against hydropericardium syndrome and Newcastle disease viruses. Poult Sci 2009; 88:86-91. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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