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Blecker D, Elashry MI, Heimann M, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. New Insights into the Neural Differentiation Potential of Canine Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:304-315. [PMID: 28401575 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be obtained from different adipose tissue sources within the body. It is an abundant cell pool, easily accessible, suitable for cultivation and expansion in vitro and preparation for therapeutic approaches. Amongst these therapeutic approaches are tissue engineering and nervous system disorders such as spinal cord injuries. For such treatment, ASCs have to be reliably differentiated in to the neuronal direction. Therefore, we investigated the neural differentiation potential of ASCs using protocols with neurogenic inductors such as valproic acid and forskolin, while dog brain tissue served as control. Morphological changes could already be noticed 1 h after neuronal induction. Gene expression analysis revealed that the neuronal markers nestin and βIII-tubulin as well as MAP2 were expressed after induction of neuronal differentiation. Additionally, the expression of the neurotrophic factors NGF, BDNF and GDNF was determined. Some of the neuronal markers and neurotrophic factors were already expressed in undifferentiated cells. Our findings point out that ASCs can reliably be differentiated into the neuronal lineage; therefore, these cells are a suitable cell source for cell transplantation in disorders of the central nervous system. Follow-up studies would show the clinical benefit of these cells after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blecker
- Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98., 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - M I Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98., 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - M Heimann
- Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98., 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - S Wenisch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98., 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - S Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98., 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Cardoso TC, Okamura LH, Baptistella JC, Gameiro R, Ferreira HL, Marinho M, Flores EF. Isolation, characterization and immunomodulatory-associated gene transcription of Wharton's jelly-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells at different trimesters of cow pregnancy. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 367:243-256. [PMID: 27677269 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of isolating bovine mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) from fetal adnexa is an interesting prospect due to the potential use of these cells in biotechnological applications. However, little is known about the properties of these progenitor cells in bovine species. Wharton's jelly (WJ) MSC cells were obtained from the umbilical cord of bovine fetuses at three different stages of pregnancy and divided into groups 1, 2 and 3 according to gestational trimester. Cell morphology, from the three stages of pregnancy, typically appeared fibroblast-like spindle-shaped, presenting the same viability and number. Moreover, the proliferative ability of T-cells in response to a mitogenic stimulus was suppressed when WJMSC cells were added to the culture. Multilineage properties were confirmed by their ability to undergo adipogenic, osteogenic/chondrogenic and neurogenic differentiation. Mesenchymal phenotyping, CD105+, CD29+, CD73+ and CD90+ cell markers were detected in all three cell groups, yet these markers were considered more expressed in MSCs of group 2 (p < 0.005). Expression of cytokines IL2, IL6RR, INFAC, INFB1, IFNG, TNF and LTBR were downregulated, whereas IL1F10 expression was upregulated in all tested WJMSCs. The present study demonstrated that WJMSCs harvested from the bovine umbilical cord at different gestational stages showed proliferative capacity, immune privilege and stemness potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza C Cardoso
- Laboratory of Animal Virology and Cell Culture College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil.
| | - Lucas H Okamura
- Laboratory of Animal Virology and Cell Culture College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Jamila C Baptistella
- Laboratory of Animal Virology and Cell Culture College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil.,Domestic Animals Anatomy Section, College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Roberto Gameiro
- Laboratory of Animal Virology and Cell Culture College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil.,Domestic Animals Embryology Section, College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Helena L Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, FZEA- USP- University of Sao Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Márcia Marinho
- Laboratory of Animal Virology and Cell Culture College of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP- Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Flores
- Departament of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97115-900, Brazil
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Granger N, Carwardine D. Acute spinal cord injury: tetraplegia and paraplegia in small animals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2014; 44:1131-56. [PMID: 25441629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common problem in animals for which definitive treatment is lacking, and information gained from its study has benefit for both companion animals and humans in developing new therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the main concepts that are useful for clinicians in assessing companion animals with severe acute SCI. Current available advanced ancillary tests and those in development are reviewed. In addition, the current standard of care for companion animals following SCI and recent advances in the development of new therapies are presented, and new predictors of recovery discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Granger
- The School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, North Somerset BS40 5HU, UK.
| | - Darren Carwardine
- The School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, North Somerset BS40 5HU, UK
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Nakano R, Edamura K, Nakayama T, Teshima K, Asano K, Narita T, Okabayashi K, Sugiya H. Differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells into voltage- and glutamate-responsive neuron-like cells by basic fibroblast growth factor. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:27-35. [PMID: 25284120 PMCID: PMC4349535 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the in vitro differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into voltage- and glutamate-responsive neuron-like cells. BMSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of healthy beagle dogs. Canine BMSCs were incubated with the basal medium for neurons containing recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; 100 ng/ml). The viability of the bFGF-treated cells was assessed by a trypan blue exclusion assay, and the morphology was monitored. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of neuronal, neural stem cell and glial markers. Western blotting and immunocytochemical analysis for the neuronal markers were performed to evaluate the protein expression and localization. The Ca(2+) mobilization of the cells was evaluated using the Ca(2+) indicator Fluo3 to monitor Ca(2+) influx. To investigate the mechanism of bFGF-induced neuronal differentiation, the fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor or the Akt inhibitor was tested. The bFGF treatment resulted in the maintenance of the viability of canine BMSCs for 10 days, in the expression of neuronal marker mRNAs and proteins and in the manifestation of neuron-like morphology. Furthermore, in the bFGF-treated BMSCs, a high concentration of KCl and L-glutamate induced an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Each inhibitor significantly attenuated the bFGF-induced increase in neuronal marker mRNA expression. These results suggest that bFGF contributes to the differentiation of canine BMSCs into voltage- and glutamate-responsive neuron-like cells and may lead to the development of new cell-based treatments for neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Nakano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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