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Hahn T, Alzate MO, Leonhardt S, Tamang P, Zibek S. Current trends in medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates: Microbial production, purification, and characterization. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300211. [PMID: 38845815 PMCID: PMC11151071 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained interest recently due to their biodegradability and versatility. In particular, the chemical compositions of medium-chain-length (mcl)-PHAs are highly diverse, comprising different monomers containing 6-14 carbon atoms. This review summarizes different feedstocks and fermentation strategies to enhance mcl-PHA production and briefly discusses the downstream processing. This review also provides comprehensive details on analytical tools for determining the composition and properties of mcl-PHA. Moreover, this study provides novel information by statistically analyzing the data collected from several reports on mcl-PHA to determine the optimal fermentation parameters (specific growth rate, PHA productivity, and PHA yield from various structurally related and unrelated substrates), mcl-PHA composition, molecular weight (MW), and thermal and mechanical properties, in addition to other relevant statistical values. The analysis revealed that the median PHA productivity observed in the fed-batch feeding strategy was 0.4 g L-1 h-1, which is eight times higher than that obtained from batch feeding (0.05 g L-1 h-1). Furthermore, 3-hydroxyoctanoate and -decanoate were the primary monomers incorporated into mcl-PHA. The investigation also determined the median glass transition temperature (-43°C) and melting temperature (47°C), which indicated that mcl-PHA is a flexible amorphous polymer at room temperature with a median MW of 104 kDa. However, information on the monomer composition or heterogeneity and the associated physical and mechanical data of mcl-PHAs is inadequate. Based on their mechanical values, the mcl-PHAs can be classified as semi-crystalline polymers (median crystallinity 23%) with rubber-like properties and a median elongation at break of 385%. However, due to the limited mechanical data available for mcl-PHAs with known monomer composition, identifying suitable processing tools and applications to develop mcl-PHAs further is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hahn
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Melissa Ortega Alzate
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of AntioquiaEl Carmen de ViboralColombia
| | - Steven Leonhardt
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Pravesh Tamang
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Susanne Zibek
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
- Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVPUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
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Kalia VC, Patel SKS, Lee JK. Exploiting Polyhydroxyalkanoates for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081937. [PMID: 37112084 PMCID: PMC10144186 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable plastic. Numerous bacteria produce PHAs under environmental stress conditions, such as excess carbon-rich organic matter and limitations of other nutritional elements such as potassium, magnesium, oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen. In addition to having physicochemical properties similar to fossil-fuel-based plastics, PHAs have unique features that make them ideal for medical devices, such as easy sterilization without damaging the material itself and easy dissolution following use. PHAs can replace traditional plastic materials used in the biomedical sector. PHAs can be used in a variety of biomedical applications, including medical devices, implants, drug delivery devices, wound dressings, artificial ligaments and tendons, and bone grafts. Unlike plastics, PHAs are not manufactured from petroleum products or fossil fuels and are, therefore, environment-friendly. In this review, a recent overview of applications of PHAs with special emphasis on biomedical sectors, including drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, and biocontrols, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Kalia VC, Singh Patel SK, Shanmugam R, Lee JK. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Trends and advances toward biotechnological applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124737. [PMID: 33515915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are an integral part of most of the daily requirements. Indiscriminate usage and disposal have led to the accumulation of massive quantities of waste. Their non-biodegradable nature makes it increasingly difficult to manage and dispose them. To counter this impending disaster, biodegradable polymers, especially polyhydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs), have been envisaged as potential alternatives. Owing to their unique physicochemical characteristics, PHAs are gaining importance for versatile applications in the agricultural and medical sectors. Applications in the medical sector are more promising because of their commercial viability and sustainability. Despite such potential, their production and commercialization are significant challenges. The major limitations are their poor mechanical strength, production in small quantities, costly feed, and lack of facilities for industrial production. This article provides an overview of the contemporary progress in the field, to attract researchers and stakeholders to further exploit these renewable resources to produce biodegradable plastics on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Adeleye AT, Odoh CK, Enudi OC, Banjoko OO, Osiboye OO, Toluwalope Odediran E, Louis H. Sustainable synthesis and applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from biomass. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Characterization of an intracellular poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) depolymerase from the soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida LS46. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Anis SNS, Mohd Annuar MS, Simarani K. Microbial biosynthesis and in vivo depolymerization of intracellular medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates as potential route to platform chemicals. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:784-796. [PMID: 29806235 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis and in vivo depolymerization of intracellular medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) in Pseudomonas putida Bet001 grown on lauric acid were studied. Highest mcl-PHA fraction (>50 % of total biomass) and cell concentration (8 g L-1 ) were obtained at carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio 20, starting cell concentration 1 g L-1 , and 48 H fermentation. The mcl-PHA comprised of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (C6 ), 3-hydroxyoctanote (C8 ), 3-hydroxydecanoate (C10 ), and 3-hydroxydodecanoate (C12 ) monomers. In vivo action was studied in a mineral liquid medium without carbon source, and in different buffer solutions with varied pH, molarity, ionic strength, and temperature. The monomer liberation rate reflected the mol percentage distribution of the initial polymer subunit composition. Rate and percentage of in vivo depolymerization were highest in 0.2 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9, strength = 0.2 M, 30 °C) at 0.21 g L-1 H-1 and 98.6 ± 1.3 wt%, respectively. There is a congruity vis-à-vis to specific buffer type, molarity, pH, ionic strength, and temperature values for superior in vivo depolymerization activities. Direct products from in vivo depolymerization matched the individual monomeric composition of native mcl-PHA. It points to exo-type reaction for the in vivo process, and potential biological route to chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Syairah Anis
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Suffian Mohd Annuar
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khanom Simarani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gao Z, Su T, Li P, Wang Z. Biodegradation of P(3HB- co-4HB) powder by Pseudomonas mendocina for preparation low-molecular-mass P(3HB- co-4HB). 3 Biotech 2017; 7:281. [PMID: 28828288 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB-co-4HB)) is a biodegradable plastic that is extensively utilized in many fields. In this work, P(3HB-co-4HB) powder was degraded by Pseudomonas mendocina for the preparation of low-molecular-mass (LMW) P(3HB-co-4HB). After degradation, the remaining P(3HB-co-4HB) powder was analyzed via gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. The degradation of P(3HB-co-4HB) by P. mendocina occurred in two stages: the fast degradation stage (0-8 h) and the slow degradation stage (8-24 h). GPC analysis showed that the molecular weight of P(3HB-co-4HB) gradually decreased with degradation time. After 24 h of degradation, the weight-average molecular weight of P(3HB-co-4HB) was reduced to 4-5 kDa. DSC and XRD analyses both verified that the degree of crystallinity decreased with prolonged degradation time. The melting temperature of the degraded powder, however, remained unchanged. FTIR and 1H NMR analyses of the degraded powder showed that no new material was produced during degradation. Thus, the degradation of P(3HB-co-4HB) by P. mendocina could be used to produce LMW P(3HB-co-4HB) for use in various applications, such as the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001 Liaoning China
| | - Tingting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001 Liaoning China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001 Liaoning China
| | - Zhanyong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001 Liaoning China
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Anis SNS, Mohamad Annuar MS, Simarani K. In vivo and in vitro depolymerizations of intracellular medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates produced by Pseudomonas putida Bet001. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1342266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Syairah Anis
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Khanom Simarani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Su H, Shao H, Zhang K, Li G. Antibacterial metabolites from the Actinomycete Streptomyces sp. P294. J Microbiol 2016; 54:131-5. [PMID: 26832669 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-5311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Actinomycete strain P294 was isolated from soil and identified as Streptomyces sp. based upon the results of 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Three compounds obtained from the solid fermentation products of this strain have been determined by 1D, 2D NMR and HRMS experiments. These compounds include two new compounds angumycinones C (1) and D (2), and the known compound X-14881 E (3). All compounds were assayed for antibacterial and nematicidal activity. The results showed the three compounds had different degrees of inhibitory activity against several target bacteria but no significant toxicity against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huining Su
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Shao
- Angang General Hospital, Anshan, 114021, P. R. China
| | - Keqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Li
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China.
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate-based 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid and its derivatives as a platform of bioactive compounds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:161-72. [PMID: 26399414 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A library of 18 different compounds was synthesized starting from (R)-3-hydroxyoctanoic acid which is derived from the bacterial polymer polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Ten derivatives, including halo and unsaturated methyl and benzyl esters, were synthesized and characterized for the first time. Given that (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids are known to have biological activity, the new compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity and in vitro antiproliferative effect with mammalian cell lines. The presence of the carboxylic group was essential for the antimicrobial activity, with minimal inhibitory concentrations against a panel of bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and fungi (Candida albicans and Microsporum gypseum) in the range 2.8-7.0 mM and 0.1-6.3 mM, respectively. 3-Halogenated octanoic acids exhibited the ability to inhibit C. albicans hyphae formation. In addition, (R)-3-hydroxyoctanoic and (E)-oct-2-enoic acids inhibited quorum sensing-regulated pyocyanin production in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Generally, derivatives did not inhibit mammalian cell proliferation even at 3-mM concentrations, while only (E)-oct-2-enoic and 3-oxooctanoic acid had IC50 values of 1.7 and 1.6 mM with the human lung fibroblast cell line.
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Wang Z, Mao H, Liu H, Su T, Jiang H. Optimization of medium composition for 3-hydroxycarboxylic acid production by Pseudomonas mendocina-biodegraded polyhydroxybutyrate. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 62:260-7. [PMID: 24919602 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We optimized the culture medium for 3-hydroxycarboxylic acid production by Pseudomonas mendocina DS-04-T-biodegraded polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using the Plackett-Burman design, steepest ascent method, and Box-Behnken design. The optimized concentrations of the constituents of the culture medium were as follows: PHB (7.57 g/L), NH4 Cl (5.0 g/L), KH2 PO4 (2.64 g/L), Na2 HPO4 ·12H2 O (12 g/L), MgSO4 ·7H2 O (0.5 g/L), and CaCl2 ·2H2 O (5 mg/L). The yield of 3-hydroxycarboxylic acid obtained using the optimized culture medium was 56.8 ± 1.64%, which was 2.5-fold higher than that obtained when the unoptimized culture medium was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, People's Republic of China
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Biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with co-expressed propionate permease (prpP), beta-ketothiolase B (bktB), and propionate-CoA synthase (prpE) in Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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