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Merlani M, Nadaraia N, Barbakadze N, Amiranashvili L, Kakhabrishvili M, Petrou A, Carević T, Glamočlija J, Geronikaki A. Steroidal hydrazones as antimicrobial agents: biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 35:137-155. [PMID: 38312087 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2024.2309183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Most of pharmaceutical agents display several or even many biological activities. It is obvious that testing even one compound for thousands of biological activities is a practically not reasonable task. Therefore, computer-aided prediction is the method of choice for the selection of the most promising bioassays for particular compounds. Using PASS Online software, we determined the probable antimicrobial activity of the 31 steroid derivatives. Experimental testing of the antimicrobial activity of the tested compounds by microdilution method confirmed the computational predictions. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans biofilm formation was investigated. Compound 11 showed a biofilm reduction by 42.26% at the MIC of the tested compound. The percentages are lower than ketoconazole, but very close to its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Merlani
- TSMU I, Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - N Nadaraia
- TSMU I, Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - N Barbakadze
- TSMU I, Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - L Amiranashvili
- TSMU I, Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - M Kakhabrishvili
- TSMU I, Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - A Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T Carević
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - J Glamočlija
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Lin C, Qiu L, Wang P, Zhang B, Yan L, Zhao C. Thymosin beta-4 participate in antibacterial immunity and wound healing in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109065. [PMID: 37689229 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) is a ubiquitous protein with multiple and diverse intracellular and extracellular functions in vertebrates, which play fundamental roles in innate immune against pathogens and wound healing. In this study, the full-length cDNA of Tβ4 was cloned from Penaeus monodon (designated as PmTβ4), using the technology of rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA of PmTβ4 was 1361 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 501 bp, which encoding a polypeptide of 166 amino acid. The Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis results showed that PmTβ4 was ubiquitously expressed in all the tested shrimp tissues, with the highest expression level was detected in the hemolymph, while the lowest expression level in the muscle. The expression level of PmTβ4 was significantly up-regulated in hepatopancreas after challenged by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi and Staphylococcus aureus. In vitro antimicrobial test showed that the recombinant protein of PmTβ4 (rPmTβ4) had broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity, which could inhibit both the growth of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, including Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. aureus and Aeromonas hydrophila. Moreover, rPmTβ4 had a certain binding ability to different bacteria, and this binding ability exhibits a strong dose-dependent effect. In vivo, PmTβ4 could facilitate external bacterial clearance in shrimp, and have beneficial to shrimp survival post V. parahaemolyticus infection. Furthermore, wound-healing assay was carried out to study the role of PmTβ4 in the process of wound healing. The results showed that the PmTβ4 expression was significantly up-regulated by injury treatment, and exerted positive effects to promote wound healing. In addition, PmTβ4 can significantly increase the expression level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) after injury treatment in shrimp, which would involve in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by the wound. In conclusion, these results indicated that PmTβ4 may play important roles in antibacterial immunity and wound healing in Penaeus monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Lin
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lulu Yan
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Punginelli D, Catania V, Vazzana M, Mauro M, Spinello A, Barone G, Barberi G, Fiorica C, Vitale M, Cunsolo V, Saletti R, Di Francesco A, Arizza V, Schillaci D. A Novel Peptide with Antifungal Activity from Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121792. [PMID: 36551449 PMCID: PMC9774249 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The defense system of freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii as a diversified source of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial properties was studied. Antimicrobial activity of two polypeptide-enriched extracts obtained from hemocytes and hemolymph of P. clarkii were assessed against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria and toward the yeast Candida albicans. The two peptide fractions showed interesting MIC values (ranging from 11 to 700 μg/mL) against all tested pathogens. Polypeptide-enriched extracts were further investigated using a high-resolution mass spectrometry and database search and 14 novel peptides were identified. Some peptides and their derivatives were chemically synthesized and tested in vitro against the bacterial and yeast pathogens. The analysis identified a synthetic derivative peptide, which showed an interesting antifungal (MIC and MFC equal to 31.2 μg/mL and 62.5 μg/mL, respectively) and antibiofilm (BIC50 equal to 23.2 μg/mL) activities against Candida albicans and a low toxicity in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Punginelli
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Catania
- Department of Earth and Sea Science (DISTEM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Blg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Mauro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Spinello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barberi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Fiorica
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Via Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cunsolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Saletti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Francesco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Yu R, Lin Q, Zhai Y, Mao Y, Li K, Gao Y, Liu Y, Fu L, Fang T, Zhao M, Guan L, Hou L, Xu J, Chen W. Recombinant human thymosin beta-4 (rhTβ4) improved scalp condition and microbiome homeostasis in seborrheic dermatitis. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2152-2163. [PMID: 34318587 PMCID: PMC8449661 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a recurrent common inflammatory skin disease that affects all ethnic groups in all regions worldwide. However, no specific treatment or preventive measure is yet available. Identifying effective treatments with acceptable safety and tolerability is desirable. In this study, scalp microbiota alterations were measured in SD, showing significantly greater abundance of Malassezia and Staphylococcus and diminished fungal and bacterial diversity compared with healthy controls. We investigated the benefit of a 4‐week treatment with 0.5 mg ml‐1 recombinant human thymosin β4 (rhTβ4) gel or 2% ketoconazole lotion on the scalp condition of 71 patients with SD compared with 21 healthy individuals. Clinical assessment (Adherent Scalp Flaking Score, and the Maximum Erythema Area) and physiological conditions (transepidermal water loss, hydration, and sebum secretion) were evaluated. The rhTβ4 treatment provided significantly greater efficacy than ketoconazole and a sustained effect in the treatment of scalp SD. More importantly, rhTβ4 dramatically improved the microbiome homeostasis and prompted a shift of scalp microflora towards healthy composition, helping symptoms and ameliorating physiological conditions more effectively and durably than ketoconazole. Our research demonstrated the scalp microbe dysbiosis of SD and highlighted rhTβ4 as a promising therapeutic strategy in the prevention and treatment of SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbin Lin
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Zhai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyun Mao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuemei Gao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Fu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Mengsu Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guan
- Guangzhou Landproof testing technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Hou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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5
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Cascioferro S, Carbone D, Parrino B, Pecoraro C, Giovannetti E, Cirrincione G, Diana P. Therapeutic Strategies To Counteract Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA Biofilm-Associated Infections. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:65-80. [PMID: 33090669 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as one of the leading causes of persistent human infections. This pathogen is widespread and is able to colonize asymptomatically about a third of the population, causing moderate to severe infections. It is currently considered the most common cause of nosocomial infections and one of the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Due to its high morbidity and mortality rate and its ability to resist most antibiotics on the market, it has been termed a "superbug". Its ability to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces seems to be the primarily means of MRSA antibiotic resistance and pervasiveness. Importantly, more than 80 % of bacterial infections are biofilm-mediated. Biofilm formation on indwelling catheters, prosthetic devices and implants is recognized as the cause of serious chronic infections in hospital environments. In this review we discuss the most relevant literature of the last five years concerning the development of synthetic small molecules able to inhibit biofilm formation or to eradicate or disperse pre-formed biofilms in the fight against MRSA diseases. The aim is to provide guidelines for the development of new anti-virulence strategies based on the knowledge so far acquired, and, to identify the main flaws of this research field, which have hindered the generation of new market-approved anti-MRSA drugs that are able to act against biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start Up, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, 56017, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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6
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Chiaramonte M, Arizza V, La Rosa S, Queiroz V, Mauro M, Vazzana M, Inguglia L. Allograft Inflammatory Factor AIF-1: early immune response in the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. ZOOLOGY 2020; 142:125815. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Control of Growth and Persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and β-Lactam-Resistant Escherichia coli by Thymol in Food Processing Settings. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020383. [PMID: 31963433 PMCID: PMC7024322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of thymol in controlling environmental contamination in food processing facilities. The effect of thymol was tested as an agent to prevent planktonic and bacterial biofilm growth of twenty-five Listeria monocytogenes isolates from a variety of foods and five Escherichia coli isolates from a farm. The E. coli isolates were positive for extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. All isolates and reference strains were susceptible to thymol at Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 250 to 800 μg/mL. An interesting activity of interference with biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes and E. coli was found for thymol at sub-MIC concentrations of 200, 100, 75, and 50 μg/mL. Anti-biofilm activity ranging from 59.71% to 66.90% against pre-formed 24-h-old L. monocytogenes biofilms at concentrations of 500 or 800 µg/mL, corresponding to 2× MIC, was determined against free-living forms of six isolates chosen as the best or moderate biofilm producers among the tested strains. The property of thymol to attack L. monocytogenes biofilm formation was also observed at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, corresponding to 1/4 MIC, by using a stainless-steel model to simulate the surfaces in food industries. This study gives information on the use of thymol in food processing setting.
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Zou SS, Wang J, Li BX, Yang GW, Sun JJ, Yang HT. Thymosin participates in antimicrobial immunity in zebrafish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:371-378. [PMID: 30703548 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thymosin hormones, which were shown to be involved in immune system development and differentiation in previous studies, have antimicrobial functions in different animals. Zebrafish are a useful model for immunology research. Although thymosin has been reported to be involved in the embryonic development of zebrafish, it is necessary to uncover the antimicrobial function of thymosin in zebrafish. In this study, we expressed thymosin β (Tβ) in zebrafish in vitro and studied its antimicrobial function. The Tβ protein consists of 45 amino acids and is conserved among its family members, especially the actin-binding motif (LKKTET). Tβ was expressed in all tested tissues and was highly expressed in the brain, liver and hindgut. After Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, the Tβ transcript level increased in the skin, liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, foregut, gills and midgut. Purified recombinant thymosin β (rTβ) protein was used to study the antimicrobial mechanism. rTβ could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio anguillarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. rTβ also binds to and agglutinates certain bacteria. Further study showed that rTβ could combine with the polysaccharides from gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial walls. All results suggested that the Tβ of zebrafish plays a significant role in innate antibacterial immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Song Zou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Bao-Xia Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gui-Wen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jie-Jie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Petri GL, Cusimano MG, Schillaci D, Di Sarno V, Musella S, Giovannetti E, Cirrincione G, Diana P. 2,6-Disubstituted imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives as potent staphylococcal biofilm inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 167:200-210. [PMID: 30772604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cusimano MG, Spinello A, Barone G, Schillaci D, Cascioferro S, Magistrato A, Parrino B, Arizza V, Vitale M. A Synthetic Derivative of Antimicrobial Peptide Holothuroidin 2 from Mediterranean Sea Cucumber ( Holothuria tubulosa) in the Control of Listeria monocytogenes. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030159. [PMID: 30857142 PMCID: PMC6471310 DOI: 10.3390/md17030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited number of available antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered antimicrobial candidates to fight difficult-to-treat infections such as those associated with biofilms. Marine environments are precious sources of AMPs, as shown by the recent discovery of antibiofilm properties of Holothuroidin 2 (H2), an AMP produced by the Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa. In this study, we considered the properties of a new H2 derivative, named H2d, and we tested it against seven strains of the dangerous foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. This peptide was more active than H2 in inhibiting the growth of planktonic L. monocytogenes and was able to interfere with biofilm formation at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Atomic-level molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed insights related to the enhanced inhibitory activity of H2d, showing that the peptide is characterized by a more defined tertiary structure with respect to its ancestor. This allows the peptide to better exhibit an amphipathic character, which is an essential requirement for the interaction with cell membranes, similarly to other AMPs. Altogether, these results support the potential use of our synthetic peptide, H2d, as a template for the development of novel AMP-based drugs able to fight foodborne that are resistant to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Cusimano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Angelo Spinello
- CNR-IOM-Democritos c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Magistrato
- CNR-IOM-Democritos c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
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Carbone A, Parrino B, Cusimano MG, Spanò V, Montalbano A, Barraja P, Schillaci D, Cirrincione G, Diana P, Cascioferro S. New Thiazole Nortopsentin Analogues Inhibit Bacterial Biofilm Formation. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E274. [PMID: 30081568 PMCID: PMC6117647 DOI: 10.3390/md16080274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
New thiazole nortopsentin analogues were conveniently synthesized and evaluated for their activity as inhibitors of biofilm formation of relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. All compounds were able to interfere with the first step of biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner, showing a selectivity against the staphylococcal strains. The most active derivatives elicited IC50 values against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, ranging from 0.40⁻2.03 µM. The new compounds showed a typical anti-virulence profile, being able to inhibit the biofilm formation without affecting the microbial growth in the planktonic form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Cusimano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Paola Barraja
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
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Sun Y, Chen X, Xu Y, Liu Q, Jiang X, Wang S, Guo W, Zhou Y. Thymosin β4 is involved in the antimicrobial immune response of Golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 69:90-98. [PMID: 28803959 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thymosin beta belongs to the thymosin family, which consists of a series of highly conserved peptides involved in various biological processes. In teleosts, understanding of the immunological functions of thymosin beta is limited, particularly in vivo, which is essentially unknown. In the current study, we cloned and identified thymosin beta 4 from the teleost fish Golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus), which we have named TroTβ4. We investigated the expression patterns and functions of TroTβ4 in both in vivo and in vitro assays. TroTβ4 is composed of 44 amino acids and shares high sequence identities with known thymosin β4 species in other teleosts, which contains a highly conserved actin-binding motif (LKKTET). The expression of TroTβ4 was most abundant in immune organs, and was significantly up-regulated in response to infection bacterial with one of a number of bacteria (including Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio harveyi, and Streptococcus agalactiae). Purified recombinant TroTβ4 (rTroTβ4) inhibited the growth of bacteria, as measured using an automatic growth curve analyzer, indicating that TroTβ4 has antimicrobial functions. When administered in vivo, overexpression of TroTβ4 in T. ovatus, bacterial colonization of tissues was significantly reduced. In contrast, when a DNA vector-based siRNA technology was used to knock down TroTβ4 expression, bacterial dissemination and colonization of tissues increased significantly. Taken together, these results provide the first in vivo evidence to indicate that teleost thymosin beta 4 plays a significant role in innate antibacterial immune responses in addition to in vitro bacteriostatic activity. This provides valuable information regarding the biological functions of teleost thymosin beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | | | - Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China.
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