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Vadakkan K, Ngangbam AK, Sathishkumar K, Rumjit NP, Cheruvathur MK. A review of chemical signaling pathways in the quorum sensing circuit of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127861. [PMID: 37939761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an increasingly common competitive and biofilm organism in healthcare infection with sophisticated, interlinked and hierarchic quorum systems (Las, Rhl, PQS, and IQS), creates the greatest threats to the medical industry and has rendered prevailing chemotherapy medications ineffective. The rise of multidrug resistance has evolved into a concerning and potentially fatal occurrence for human life. P. aeruginosa biofilm development is assisted by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, proteins, macromolecules, cellular signaling and interaction. Quorum sensing is a communication process between cells that involves autonomous inducers and regulators. Quorum-induced infectious agent biofilms and the synthesis of virulence factors have increased disease transmission, medication resistance, infection episodes, hospitalizations and mortality. Hence, quorum sensing may be a potential therapeutical target for bacterial illness, and developing quorum inhibitors as an anti-virulent tool could be a promising treatment strategy for existing antibiotics. Quorum quenching is a prevalent technique for treating infections caused by microbes because it diminishes microbial pathogenesis and increases microbe biofilm sensitivity to antibiotics, making it a potential candidate for drug development. This paper examines P. aeruginosa quorum sensing, the hierarchy of quorum sensing mechanism, quorum sensing inhibition and quorum sensing inhibitory agents as a drug development strategy to supplement traditional antibiotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayeen Vadakkan
- Department of Biology, St. Mary's College, Thrissur, Kerala 680020, India; Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur 795140, India.
| | | | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India; Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
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Maulidiyah M, Rachman F, Mulkiyan LOMZ, Natsir M, Nohong N, Darmawan A, Salim LOA, Nurdin M. Antioxidant Activity of Usnic Acid Compound from Methanol Extract of Lichen Usnea sp. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:179-188. [PMID: 36631103 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichen Usnea sp. is one of the sources of natural bioactive compounds which are currently being developed as medicinal ingredients. The purpose of this study was the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from methanol extract, toxicity test and antioxidant activity of Usnea sp. Lichen was isolated by maceration using methanol solvent, then separated by liquid-liquid partition and separation using vacuum chromatography. Based on the results of the study, NMR-1D spectral data and FTIR spectrum is the presence of functional groups showed the presence of F15 compound is usnic acid consisting of 18 carbons with 3 carbons from the C=O carbonyl group. The results of the toxicity test showed that all of them were active against Artemia salina L. shrimp larvae with LC50 values of 0.820 µg/mL (Usnea sp.), 1.030 µg/mL (n-hexane), 1.056 µg/mL (ethyl acetate), and 1.236 µg/mL (methanol extract). The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the inhibitory activity of usnic acid isolate was very active with an IC50 value of 11.696 µg/mL. Meanwhile, methanol extracts and ethyl acetate showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 18.098 and 26.917 µg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maulidiyah Maulidiyah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - Faradillah Rachman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | | | - Muhammad Natsir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - Nohong Nohong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - Akhmad Darmawan
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences
| | - La Ode Agus Salim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Technology and Health, Institut Sains Teknologi dan Kesehatan (ISTEK)
| | - Muhammad Nurdin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
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Ureña-Vacas I, González-Burgos E, Divakar PK, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Lichen Depsides and Tridepsides: Progress in Pharmacological Approaches. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:116. [PMID: 36675938 PMCID: PMC9866793 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Depsides and tridepsides are secondary metabolites found in lichens. In the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in the pharmacological activity of these compounds. This review aims to discuss the research findings related to the biological effects and mechanisms of action of lichen depsides and tridepsides. The most studied compound is atranorin, followed by gyrophoric acid, diffractaic acid, and lecanoric acid. Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities are among the most investigated activities, mainly in in vitro studies, with occasional in silico and in vivo studies. Clinical trials have not been conducted using depsides and tridepsides. Therefore, future research should focus on conducting more in vivo work and clinical trials, as well as on evaluating the other activities. Moreover, despite the significant increase in research work on the pharmacology of depsides and tridepsides, there are many of these compounds which have yet to be investigated (e.g., hiascic acid, lassalic acid, ovoic acid, crustinic acid, and hypothamnolic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena González-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Adenubi OT, Famuyide IM, McGaw LJ, Eloff JN. Lichens: An update on their ethnopharmacological uses and potential as sources of drug leads. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115657. [PMID: 36007717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lichens, a unique symbiotic association between an alga/cyanobacterium and a fungus, produce secondary metabolites that are a promising source of novel drug leads. The beauty and importance of lichens have not been adequately explored despite their manifold biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antiparasitic. AIM OF THE STUDY The present review collates and discusses the available knowledge on secondary metabolites and biological activities of lichens (in vitro and in vivo). MATERIALS AND METHODS Using relevant keywords (lichens, secondary metabolites, bioactivity, pharmacological activities), five electronic databases, namely ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Recent Literature on Lichens, were searched for past and current scientific contributions up until May 2022. Literature focusing broadly on the bioactivity of lichens including their secondary metabolites were identified and summarized. RESULTS A total of 50 review articles and 189 research articles were searched. Information related to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and insecticidal activities of 90 lichen species (from 13 families) and 12 isolated metabolites are reported. Over 90% of the studies comprised in vitro investigations, such as bioassays evaluating radical scavenging properties, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing power, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial bioassays of lichen species and constituents. In vivo studies were scarce and available only in fish and rats. Most of the studies were done by research groups in Brazil, France, Serbia, India and Turkey. There were relatively few reports from Asia and Africa despite the ubiquitous nature of lichens and the high occurrence in these continents. CONCLUSION Secondary metabolites from lichens are worthy of further investigation in terms of their potential therapeutic applicability, including better understanding of their mechanism(s) of action. This would be of great importance in the search for novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola Tolulope Adenubi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Ibukun Michael Famuyide
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Lyndy Joy McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Jacobus Nicolaas Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
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The Molecular Architecture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080488. [PMID: 36005489 PMCID: PMC9409833 DOI: 10.3390/md20080488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival selection pressure caused by antibiotic-mediated bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity is one of the important inducements for bacteria to develop drug resistance. Bacteria gain drug resistance through spontaneous mutation so as to achieve the goals of survival and reproduction. Quorum sensing (QS) is an intercellular communication system based on cell density that can regulate bacterial virulence and biofilm formation. The secretion of more than 30 virulence factors of P. aeruginosa is controlled by QS, and the formation and diffusion of biofilm is an important mechanism causing the multidrug resistance of P. aeruginosa, which is also closely related to the QS system. There are three main QS systems in P. aeruginosa: las system, rhl system, and pqs system. Quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs) can reduce the toxicity of bacteria without affecting the growth and enhance the sensitivity of bacterial biofilms to antibiotic treatment. These characteristics make QSIs a popular topic for research and development in the field of anti-infection. This paper reviews the research progress of the P. aeruginosa quorum-sensing system and QSIs, targeting three QS systems, which will provide help for the future research and development of novel quorum-sensing inhibitors.
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Girardot M, Millot M, Hamion G, Billard JL, Juin C, Ntoutoume GMAN, Sol V, Mambu L, Imbert C. Lichen Polyphenolic Compounds for the Eradication of Candida albicans Biofilms. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:698883. [PMID: 34604104 PMCID: PMC8481799 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.698883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens, due to their symbiotic nature (association between fungi and algae), constitute a chemical factory of original compounds. Polyphenolic compounds (depsides and depsidones) are the main constituents of lichens and are exclusively biosynthesized by these organisms. A panel of 11 polyphenols was evaluated for their anti-biofilm activity against Candida albicans biofilms on the maturation phase (anti-maturation) (MMIC50) as well as on preformed 24-h-old biofilm (anti-biofilm) (MBIC50) using the XTT assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of compounds (MICs) against C. albicans planktonic yeast were also determined using a broth microdilution method. While none of the tested compounds were active against planktonic cells (IC50 > 100 µg/ml), three depsides slowed the biofilm maturation (MMIC50 ≤12.5 µg/ml after 48 h of contact with Candida cells). Evernic acid was able to both slow the maturation and reduce the already formed biofilms with MBIC50 ≤12.5 µg/ml after 48 h of contact with the biofilm. This compound shows a weak toxicity against HeLa cells (22%) at the minimal active concentration and no hemolytic activity at 100 µg/ml. Microscopic observations of evernic acid and optimization of its solubility were performed to further study this compound. This work confirmed the anti-biofilm potential of depsides, especially evernic acid, and allows to establish the structure-activity relationships to better explain the anti-biofilm potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Girardot
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Marion Millot
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Guillaume Hamion
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jeanne-Louise Billard
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Camille Juin
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Vincent Sol
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Lengo Mambu
- EA 7500, Laboratoire PEIRENE, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Christine Imbert
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Sahin E, Dabagoglu Psav S, Avan I, Candan M, Sahinturk V, Koparal AT. Lichen-derived physodic acid exerts cytotoxic and anti-invasive effects in human lung cancer. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-021-00996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Shcherbakova A, Strömstedt AA, Göransson U, Gnezdilov O, Turanov A, Boldbaatar D, Kochkin D, Ulrich-Merzenich G, Koptina A. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Evernia prunastri extracts and their isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:129. [PMID: 34232401 PMCID: PMC8263414 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic organisms formed by a fungus and one or more photosynthetic partners which are usually alga or cyanobacterium. Their diverse and scarcely studied metabolites facilitate adaptability to extreme living conditions. We investigated Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach., a widely distributed lichen, for its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. E. prunastri was sequentially extracted by hexane (Hex), dichloromethane (DCM) and acetonitrile (ACN) that were screened for their antioxidant and antimicrobial (against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans) activities. The Hex extract possessed the highest antioxidant capacity (87 mg ascorbic acid/g extract) corresponding to the highest content of phenols (73 mg gallic acid/g extract). The DCM and Hex extracts were both active against S. aureus (MICs of 4 and 21 µg/ml, respectively) but were less active against Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. The ACN extract exhibited activity on both S. aureus (MIC 14 µg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC 38 µg/ml) and was therefore further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography. The active compound of the most potent fraction was subsequently characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and identified as evernic acid. Structural similarity analyses were performed between compounds from E. prunastri and known antibiotics from different classes. The structural similarity was not present. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of E. prunastri extracts originate from multiple chemical compounds; besides usnic acid, most notably evernic acid and derivatives thereof. Evernic acid and its derivatives represent possible candidates for a new class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shcherbakova
- Volga State University of Technology, Lenin Sq., 3, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia, 424000
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
- Medical Clinic III, AG Synergy Research and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A A Strömstedt
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - U Göransson
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - O Gnezdilov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sibirsky Tract, 10/7, Kazan, Russia, 420029
| | - A Turanov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sibirsky Tract, 10/7, Kazan, Russia, 420029
| | - D Boldbaatar
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
- The Liver Center, Dalai Tower, Unesco Street 31, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar, 14230, Mongolia
| | - D Kochkin
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119234
| | - G Ulrich-Merzenich
- Medical Clinic III, AG Synergy Research and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Koptina
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Lu L, Li M, Yi G, Liao L, Cheng Q, Zhu J, Zhang B, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zeng M. Screening strategies for quorum sensing inhibitors in combating bacterial infections. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:1-14. [PMID: 35573879 PMCID: PMC9073242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Interference with quorum sensing (QS) represents an antivirulence strategy with a significant promise for the treatment of bacterial infections and a new approach to restoring antibiotic tolerance. Over the past two decades, a novel series of studies have reported that quorum quenching approaches and the discovery of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) have a strong impact on the discovery of anti-infective drugs against various types of bacteria. The discovery of QSI was demonstrated to be an appropriate strategy to expand the anti-infective therapeutic approaches to complement classical antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. For the discovery of QSIs, diverse approaches exist and develop in-step with the scale of screening as well as specific QS systems. This review highlights the latest findings in strategies and methodologies for QSI screening, involving activity-based screening with bioassays, chemical methods to seek bacterial QS pathways for QSI discovery, virtual screening for QSI screening, and other potential tools for interpreting QS signaling, which are innovative routes for future efforts to discover additional QSIs to combat bacterial infections. Interference with QSrepresents a promising antivirulence strategy for the treatment of bacterial infections. The discovery ofQSIs was demonstrated as an appropriate strategy to expand the anti-infective therapeutic arsenal to complement classical antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. For the discovery of QSIs, diverse approaches exist and develop in-step with the scale of screening and targeted QS systems. Few previous reviews have summarized the strategies and approaches of QSI screening, whereas this review highlights the recent findings in QSI screening strategies and methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guojuan Yi
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Li Liao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610000, China
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Carr EC, Harris SD, Herr JR, Riekhof WR. Lichens and biofilms: Common collective growth imparts similar developmental strategies. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Maghsoudi S, Taghavi Shahraki B, Rabiee N, Fatahi Y, Bagherzadeh M, Dinarvand R, Ahmadi S, Rabiee M, Tahriri M, Hamblin MR, Tayebi L, Webster TJ. The colorful world of carotenoids: a profound insight on therapeutics and recent trends in nano delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3658-3697. [PMID: 33399020 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of carotenoids as dietary supplements to control or even treat some specific diseases including diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, bacterial infections, as well as breast, prostate, and skin cancer are discussed in this review and also thoughts on future research for their widespread use are emphasized. From the stability standpoint, carotenoids have low bioavailability and bioaccessibility owing to their poor water solubility, deterioration in the presence of environmental stresses such as oxygen, light, and high heat as well as rapid degradation during digestion. Nanoencapsulation technologies as wall or encapsulation materials have been increasingly used for improving food product functionality. Nanoencapsulation is a versatile process employed for the protection, entrapment, and the delivery of food bioactive products including carotenoids from diverse environmental conditions for extended shelf lives and for providing controlled release. Therefore, we present here, recent (mostly during the last five years) nanoencapsulation methods of carotenoids with various nanocarriers. To us, this review can be considered as the first highlighting not only the potential therapeutic effects of carotenoids on various diseases but also their most effective nanodelivery systems.HighlightsBioactive compounds are of deep interest to improve food properties.Carotenoids (such as β-carotene and xanthophylls) play indispensable roles in maintaining human health and well-being.A substantial research effort has been carried out on developing beneficial nanodelivery systems for various carotenoids.Nanoencapsulation of carotenoids can enhance their functional properties.Stable nanoencapsulated carotenoids could be utilized in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Maghsoudi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Engineering, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Dong K, Li Q. Effects of human β-defensin 3 fused with carbohydrate-binding domain on the function of type III secretion system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:29-35. [PMID: 31933178 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are considered to be one of the candidate antimicrobial agents for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection in the future. The effects of antimicrobial peptide hBD3-CBD on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 and PA14 ΔexsA were analyzed by the bactericidal effects, hemolysis assays, pyocyanin pigment productions, and virulence factor expressions (exoU, exoS, hcnA, and lasB). Pyocyanin production and virulence factor expressions are important features of the type III secretion system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. HBD3-CBD killed PA14 and PA14 ΔexsA with similar efficiency; it lowered the hemolysis levels of PA14 and PA14 ΔexsA and reduced the pyocyanin production, biofilm formation, and exoU, exoS, and lasB expressions in PA14. Compared with PA14, PA14 ΔexsA showed a lower hemolysis effect, pyocyanin production, exoU, and lasB expressions. The effects of hBD3-CBD on the PA14 toxin secretion were similar to the changes in the type III secretion system mutant isolate PA14 ΔexsA. Our results demonstrated that the type III secretion system was involved in the biological functions on PA 14 from hBD3-CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, B06, Building 1, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, B06, Building 1, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, B06, Building 1, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Staples R, LaDuca RL, Roze LV, Laivenieks M, Linz JE, Beaudry R, Fryday A, Schilmiller AL, Koptina AV, Smith B, Trail F. Structure and Chemical Analysis of Major Specialized Metabolites Produced by the Lichen Evernia prunastri. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900465. [PMID: 31701649 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We performed comparative profiling of four specialized metabolites in the lichen Evernia prunastri, collected at three different geographic locations, California and Maine, USA, and Yoshkar Ola, Mari El, Russia. Among the compounds produced at high concentrations that were identified in all three specimens, evernic acid, usnic acid, lecanoric acid and chloroatranorin, evernic acid was the most abundant. Two depsidones, salazinic acid and physodic acid, were detected in the Yoshkar-Ola collection only. The crystalline structure of evernic acid (2-hydroxy-4-[(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoyl)oxy]-6-methylbenzoate) (hmb) revealed two crystallographically and conformationally distinct hmb anions, along with two monovalent sodium atoms. One hmb moiety contained an exotetradentate binding mode to sodium, whereas the other exhibited an exohexadentate binding mode to sodium. Embedded edge-sharing {Na2 O8 }n sodium-oxygen chains connected the hmb anions into the full three-dimensional crystal structure of the title compound. The crystal used for single-crystal X-ray diffraction exhibited non-merohedral twinning. The data suggest the importance of the acetyl-polymalonyl pathway products to processes of maintaining integrity of the lichen holobiont community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert L LaDuca
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ludmila V Roze
- Plant Biology Laboratories, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, Room 342, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Maris Laivenieks
- Plant Biology Laboratories, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, Room 342, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - John E Linz
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Randolph Beaudry
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alan Fryday
- Plant Biology Laboratories, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, Room 342, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Anthony L Schilmiller
- RTSF Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Anna V Koptina
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75123, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Smith
- Plant Biology Laboratories, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, Room 342, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Frances Trail
- Plant Biology Laboratories, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, Room 342, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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14
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Sweidan A, Smida I, Chollet-Krugler M, Sauvager A, Vallet J, Gouault N, Oliviero N, Tamanai-Shacoori Z, Burel A, van de Weghe P, Chokr A, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L. Lichen butyrolactone derivatives disrupt oral bacterial membrane. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Doğan Ş, Gökalsın B, Şenkardeş İ, Doğan A, Sesal NC. Anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activities of Hypericum perforatum extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:293-300. [PMID: 30763694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) has been used as a traditional therapeutic for skin wounds, burns, cuts and stomach ailments including stomach ache, ulcers for a long time in many societies. Although many studies about its antibacterial properties can be found, there is a lack of studies about its quorum sensing inhibition properties, which effects bacterial vulnerability directly, on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluation of anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) and anti-biofilm activity of ethanol, methanol, acetone and ultra-sonicated extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. (HP) which is a well-known wound healer, against P. aeruginosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aerial parts of HP were extracted with ethanol, methanol and acetone. In addition, separate extractions with ultrasonication were carried out with same solvents. Anti-QS activity tests with different doses of HP extracts were performed by employing biomonitor strains, of which the promoter of QS regulating and green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes were fusioned. For anti-biofilm activity, HP extracts were applied to wild type PAO1 strains and biofilm inhibition was quantified via crystal violet staining method. RESULTS HP's ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts (250 µg/ml doses) inhibited LasIR signalling pathway up to 65.43%, 59.60%, 55.95% and same solvent extracts obtained with ultrasonication inhibited 71.33%, 64.47%, 57.35% respectively. Moreover, inhibition rates of RhlIR pathway were 28.80%, 50.83%, 45.84% for ethanol, methanol, acetone extracts (250 µg/ml doses) and 51.43%, 57.41%, 50.02% for ultrasonication extracts (250 µg/ml doses), compared to untreated controls. In the experiments, ethanol, methanol, acetone and ultra-sonicated extracts of HP did not inhibit biofilm formation. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that HP plant is capable for blocking of las and rhl QS systems of P. aeruginosa. However, it was observed that ethanol, methanol and acetone extract of the plant samples did not show anti-biofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. This led us to thinking that biofilm formation was caused via another pathway such as IQS or PQS. Further studies with isolated active compounds of HP might give a better understanding of the effects on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Doğan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barış Gökalsın
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, 34730 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Şenkardeş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Doğan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Cenk Sesal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34730 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Zhang Y, Song J, Wang T, Sun H, Lin Z, Zhang Y. Time-Dependent Toxicities of Quorum Sensing Inhibitors to Aliivibrio fischeri and Bacillus subtilis. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325818822938. [PMID: 30828271 PMCID: PMC6390225 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818822938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) are being used widely as a promising alternative
to antibiotics and drawing attention as potential pollutants. However, the
assessment methods of the toxicities of QSIs, including model organism and
affecting time, have not been established. To investigate how model organism and
acting time impact the toxicities of QSIs, the effect of 4 QSIs to
Aliivibrio fischeri and Bacillus subtilis
were determined at different exposing time in the present study. The results
showed that the toxic effects of QSIs to gram-negative bacteria (A
fischeri) and gram-positive bacteria (B subtilis)
were different and time dependent. As for A fischeri, QSI
(furaneol acetate, FA) merely showed inhibition on the bioluminescence from
hours 1 to 2. But from hours 3 to 6, low concentration FA exerted stimulation on
the bioluminescence. Then, this stimulation disappeared from hours 7 to 14, and
after hour 15 the stimulation appeared again. That is to say, QSIs showed
intermittent hormesis effect on the bioluminescence of A
fischeri. By contrast, only inhibition was observed in the toxicity
test process of QSIs to B subtilis. As exposing time goes, the
inhibition weakened gradually when FA was at low concentration regions. What is
more, in the present, study toxic mechanisms were also discussed based on model
organisms and exposing time. This study demonstrates appreciable impacts of
model organism and exposing time on toxicities of QSIs and provides a
theoretical basis for risk assessments after QSIs being widely used into the
environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyuan Song
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinjiang Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Emsen B, Togar B, Turkez H, Aslan A. Effects of two lichen acids isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf in cultured human lymphocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 73:303-312. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study aims at assessing the efficacies of olivetoric acid (OA) and physodic acid (PA) isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) in human lymphocytes (HLs) in vitro. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays were performed to establish cytotoxicity in HLs. Besides, oxidative stress and genotoxicity were monitored by estimating the changes of total oxidative stress (TOS) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) levels, respectively, in HLs. At the same time, OA- and PA-induced total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in HLs were determined. Although especially low concentrations of OA (IC50=109.94 mg/L) and PA (IC50=665.49 mg/L) did not show cytotoxic effect at high levels in HLs, it was revealed that cytotoxicity was significantly (p<0.05) associated with oxidative stress and genotoxicity via correlation analysis. While TOS level in HLs did not statistically (p>0.05) increase in the presence of all treatments (0.5–100 mg/L) of PA, TAC level was increased by PA applications in certain concentrations (0.5–10 mg/L). Overall, the obtained data indicate that OA and especially PA as lichen compounds that do not cause oxidative stress can be a new resource of therapeutics as recognized in the present study with their high antioxidant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugrahan Emsen
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science , Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University , Karaman , Turkey , Phone: +90-3382263825, Fax: +90-3382262150
| | - Basak Togar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Vocational School of Health Services, Bayburt University , Bayburt , Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University , Erzurum , Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy , University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Ali Aslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Van Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van , Turkey
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18
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Gökalsın B, Aksoydan B, Erman B, Sesal NC. Reducing Virulence and Biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Potential Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Carotenoid: Zeaxanthin. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 74:466-473. [PMID: 28255686 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can regulate its virulence gene expressions by using a signal system called quorum sensing. It is known that inhibition of quorum sensing can block biofilm formation and leave the bacteria defenseless. Therefore, it is necessary to determine natural sources to obtain potential quorum sensing inhibitors. This study aims to investigate an alternative treatment approach by utilizing the carotenoid zeaxanthin to reduce the expressions of P. aeruginosa virulence factors through quorum sensing inhibition. The inhibition potential of zeaxanthin was determined by in silico screening from a library of 638 lichen metabolites. Fluorescent monitor strains were utilized for quorum sensing inhibitor screens, and quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR assay was performed for evaluating gene expression. Results indicate that zeaxanthin is a better inhibitor than the lichen secondary metabolite evernic acid, which was previously shown to be capable of inhibiting P. aeruginosa quorum sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Gökalsın
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busecan Aksoydan
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Erman
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nüzhet Cenk Sesal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Sweidan A, Chollet-Krugler M, Sauvager A, van de Weghe P, Chokr A, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L. Antibacterial activities of natural lichen compounds against Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Fitoterapia 2017; 121:164-169. [PMID: 28736072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The oral bacteria not only infect the mouth and reside there, but also travel through the blood and reach distant body organs. If left untreated, the dental biofilm that can cause destructive inflammation in the oral cavity may result in serious medical complications. In dental biofilm, Streptococcus gordonii, a primary oral colonizer, constitutes the platform on which late pathogenic colonizers like Porphyromonas gingivalis, the causative agent of periodontal diseases, will bind. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of eleven natural lichen compounds belonging to different chemical families and spanning from linear into cyclic and aromatic structures to uncover new antibiotics which can fight against the oral bacteria. The compounds were screened by broth microdilution assay. Three compounds were shown to have promising antibacterial activities where the depsidone core with certain functional groups constituted the best compound, psoromic acid, with the lowest MICs=11.72 and 5.86μg/mL against S. gordonii and P. gingivalis, respectively. The compounds screened had promising antibacterial activity which might be attributed to some important functional groups as discussed in our study. The best compounds did not induce the death of gingival epithelial carcinoma cells (Ca9-22). These results introduce new compounds having potent antibacterial activities against oral pathogens causing serious medical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Sweidan
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France; Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marylène Chollet-Krugler
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Sauvager
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre van de Weghe
- Inserm U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling (COSS), Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Ali Chokr
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- UMR CNRS 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe CORINT, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Latifa Bousarghin
- U-1241 INSERM-INRA, Equipe CIMIAD, Univ. Rennes 1, Univ. Bretagne Loire, 2 Avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes, France.
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20
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Millot M, Girardot M, Dutreix L, Mambu L, Imbert C. Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Acetone Lichen Extracts against Candida albicans. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040651. [PMID: 28422057 PMCID: PMC6154547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal coloniser of the human gastrointestinal tract and an opportunistic pathogen, especially thanks to its capacity to form biofilms. This lifestyle is frequently involved in infections and increases the yeast resistance to antimicrobials and immune defenses. In this context, 38 lichen acetone extracts have been prepared and evaluated for their activity against C. albicans planktonic and sessile cells. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extracts (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method. Anti-biofilm activity was evaluated using tetrazolium salt (XTT) assay as the ability to inhibit the maturation phase (anti-maturation) or to eradicate a preformed 24 h old biofilm (anti-biofilm). While none of the extracts were active against planktonic cells, biofilm maturation was limited by 11 of the tested extracts. Seven extracts displayed both anti-maturation and anti-biofilm activities (half maximal inhibitory concentrations IC50_mat and IC50_biof ≤ 100 µg/mL); Evernia prunastri and Ramalina fastigiata were the most promising lichens (IC50_mat < 4 µg/mL and IC50_biof < 10 µg/mL). Chemical profiles of the active extracts performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been analyzed. Depsides, which were present in large amounts in the most active extracts, could be involved in anti-biofilm activities. This work confirmed that lichens represent a reservoir of compounds with anti-biofilm potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Millot
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
| | - Marion Girardot
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Microbiologie de l'Eau, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Lucile Dutreix
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Microbiologie de l'Eau, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Lengo Mambu
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
| | - Christine Imbert
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Microbiologie de l'Eau, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86073 Poitiers, France.
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