1
|
Bae SH, Sim MS, Jeong KJ, He D, Kwon I, Kim TW, Kim HU, Choi JI. Intracellular Flux Prediction of Recombinant Escherichia coli Producing Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:978-984. [PMID: 38379308 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2312.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) can be used to simulate cellular metabolic phenotypes under various environmental or genetic conditions. This study utilized the GEM to observe the internal metabolic fluxes of recombinant Escherichia coli producing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Recombinant E. coli was cultivated in a fermenter under three conditions: pH 7, pH 5, and additional succinic acids. External fluxes were calculated from cultivation results, and internal fluxes were calculated through flux optimization. Based on the internal flux analysis, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways were repressed under cultivation at pH 5, even though glutamate dehydrogenase increased GABA production. Notably, this repression was halted by adding succinic acid. Furthermore, proper sucA repression is a promising target for developing strains more capable of producing GABA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Han Bae
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sub Sim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan He
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Inchan Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Ma W, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhao L. Microbial chassis design and engineering for production of gamma-aminobutyric acid. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:159. [PMID: 38607454 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid which is widely applied in agriculture and pharmaceutical additive industries. GABA is synthesized from glutamate through irreversible α-decarboxylation by glutamate decarboxylase. Recently, microbial synthesis has become an inevitable trend to produce GABA due to its sustainable characteristics. Therefore, reasonable microbial platform design and metabolic engineering strategies for improving production of GABA are arousing a considerable attraction. The strategies concentrate on microbial platform optimization, fermentation process optimization, rational metabolic engineering as key metabolic pathway modification, promoter optimization, site-directed mutagenesis, modular transporter engineering, and dynamic switch systems application. In this review, the microbial producers for GABA were summarized, including lactic acid bacteria, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Escherichia coli, as well as the efficient strategies for optimizing them to improve the production of GABA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wenjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- WuXi Biologics Co., Ltd., Wuxi, 214062, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang F, Wang Y, Zhang J, Tu T, Luo H, Huang H, Bai Y, Qin X, Wang Y, Yao B, Wang Y, Wang X. Efficient production of γ-aminobutyric acid using engineered Escherichia coli whole-cell catalyst. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 174:110379. [PMID: 38103484 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been widely used in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and chemical industry fields. Previously, we developed a whole-cell catalyst capable of converting L-glutamate (L-Glu) into GABA by overexpressing the glutamate decarboxylase gene (gadz11) from Bacillus sp. Z11 in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). However, to enhance cell permeability, a freeze-thaw treatment is required, and to enhance GADZ11 activity, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) must be added to the reaction system. The aim of this study is to provide a more efficient approach for GABA production by engineering the recombinant E. coli above. First, the inducible expression conditions of the gadz11 in E. coli were optimized to 37 °C for 6 h. Next, an ideal engineered strain was produced via increasing cell permeability by overexpressing sulA and eliminating PLP dependence by constructing a self-sufficient system. Furthermore, an efficient whole-cell biocatalytic process was optimized. The optimal substrate concentration, cell density, and reaction temperature were 1.0 mol/L (the molecular ratio of L-Glu to L-monosodium glutamate (L-MSG) was 4:1), 15 and 37 °C, respectively. Finally, a whole-cell bioconversion procedure was performed in a 3-L bioreactor under optimal conditions. The strain could be reused for at least two cycles with GABA yield, productivity and conversion ratio of 206.2 g/L, 117.8 g/L/h and 100.0%, respectively. This is currently the highest GABA productivity from a mixture of L-Glu and L-MSG reported without the addition of cofactors or additional treatment of cells. This work demonstrates that the novel engineered E. coli strain has the potential for application in large-scale industrial GABA production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Du G, Lv X, Liu L. Efficient Protein Expression and Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Regulation in Bacillus subtilis Driven by a T7-BOOST System. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:3328-3339. [PMID: 37885173 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a generally recognized as safe microorganism that is widely used for protein expression and chemical production, but has a limited number of genetic regulatory components compared with the Gram-negative model microorganism Escherichia coli. In this study, a two-module plug-and-play T7-based optimized output strategy for transcription (T7-BOOST) systems with low leakage expression and a wide dynamic range was constructed based on the inducible promoters Phy-spank and PxylA. The first T7 RNA polymerase-driven module was seamlessly integrated into the genome based on the CRISPR/Cpf1 system, while the second expression control module was introduced into low, medium, and high copy plasmids for characterization. As a proof of concept, the T7-BOOST systems were successfully employed for whole-cell catalysis production of γ-aminobutyric acid (109.8 g/L with a 98.0% conversion rate), expression of human αS1 casein and human lactoferrin, and regulation of exogenous lycopene biosynthetic gene cluster and endogenous riboflavin biosynthetic gene cluster. Overall, the T7-BOOST system serves as a stringent, controllable, and effective tool for regulating gene expression in B. subtilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaokang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Baima Future Foods Research Institute, Nanjing 211225, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Baima Future Foods Research Institute, Nanjing 211225, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Baima Future Foods Research Institute, Nanjing 211225, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Baima Future Foods Research Institute, Nanjing 211225, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Baima Future Foods Research Institute, Nanjing 211225, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Y, Zhang T, Lu B, Li X, Jiang L. Application of cofactors in the regulation of microbial metabolism: A state of the art review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1145784. [PMID: 37113222 PMCID: PMC10126289 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cofactors are crucial chemicals that maintain cellular redox balance and drive the cell to do synthetic and catabolic reactions. They are involved in practically all enzymatic activities that occur in live cells. It has been a hot research topic in recent years to manage their concentrations and forms in microbial cells by using appropriate techniques to obtain more high-quality target products. In this review, we first summarize the physiological functions of common cofactors, and give a brief overview of common cofactors acetyl coenzyme A, NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+, and ATP/ADP; then we provide a detailed introduction of intracellular cofactor regeneration pathways, review the regulation of cofactor forms and concentrations by molecular biological means, and review the existing regulatory strategies of microbial cellular cofactors and their application progress, to maximize and rapidly direct the metabolic flux to target metabolites. Finally, we speculate on the future of cofactor engineering applications in cell factories. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangfei Li
- Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Beeding of Anhui Province, College of Biologic and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang X, Huo X, Tang Y, Zhao M, Tao Y, Huang J, Ke C. Integrating Enzyme Evolution and Metabolic Engineering to Improve the Productivity of Γ-Aminobutyric Acid by Whole-Cell Biosynthesis in Escherichia Coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4656-4664. [PMID: 36881553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is used widely in various fields, such as agriculture, food, pharmaceuticals, and biobased chemicals. Based on glutamate decarboxylase (GadBM4) derived from our previous work, three mutants, GadM4-2, GadM4-8, and GadM4-31, were obtained by integrating enzyme evolution and high-throughput screening methods. The GABA productivity obtained through whole-cell bioconversion using recombinant Escherichia coli cells harboring mutant GadBM4-2 was enhanced by 20.27% compared to that of the original GadBM4. Further introduction of the central regulator GadE of the acid resistance system and the enzymes from the deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate-independent pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis pathway resulted in a 24.92% improvement in GABA productivity, reaching 76.70 g/L/h without any cofactor addition with a greater than 99% conversion ratio. Finally, when one-step bioconversion was applied for the whole-cell catalysis in a 5 L bioreactor, the titer of GABA reached 307.5 ± 5.94 g/L with a productivity of 61.49 g/L/h by using crude l-glutamic acid (l-Glu) as the substrate. Thus, the biocatalyst constructed above combined with the whole-cell bioconversion method represents an effective approach for industrial GABA production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Yang
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yaqian Tang
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongrong Ke
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|