1
|
Zeitoun H, Salem RA, El-Guink NM, Tolba NS, Mohamed NM. Elucidation of the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance and repurposing treatment options against urinary Candida spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in Alexandria, Egypt. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:383. [PMID: 39354378 PMCID: PMC11443771 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of fungal urinary tract infections (UTIs) has dramatically increased in the past decades, with Candida arising as the predominant etiological agent. Managing these infections poses a serious challenge to clinicians, especially with the emergence of fluconazole-resistant (FLC-R) Candida species. In this study, we aimed to determine the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance in urinary Candida spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in Alexandria, Egypt, assess the correlation between fluconazole resistance and virulence, and explore potential treatment options for UTIs caused by FLC-R Candida strains. RESULTS Fluconazole susceptibility testing of 34 urinary Candida isolates indicated that 76.5% were FLC-R, with a higher prevalence of resistance recorded in non-albicans Candida spp. (88.9%) than in Candida albicans (62.5%). The calculated Spearman's correlation coefficients implied significant positive correlations between fluconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations and both biofilm formation and phospholipase production. Real-time PCR results revealed that most FLC-R isolates (60%) significantly overexpressed at least one efflux pump gene, while 42.3% significantly upregulated the ERG11 gene. The most prevalent mutation detected upon ERG11 sequencing was G464S, which is conclusively linked to fluconazole resistance. The five repurposed agents: amikacin, colistin, dexamethasone, ketorolac, and sulfamethoxazole demonstrated variable fluconazole-sensitizing activities in vitro, with amikacin, dexamethasone, and colistin being the most effective. However, the fluconazole/colistin combination produced a notable reduction (49.1%) in bladder bioburden, a 50% decrease in the inflammatory response, and tripled the median survival span relative to the untreated murine models. CONCLUSIONS The fluconazole/colistin combination offers a promising treatment option for UTIs caused by FLC-R Candida, providing an alternative to the high-cost, tedious process of novel antifungal drug discovery in the battle against antifungal resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hend Zeitoun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rawan A Salem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nadia M El-Guink
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nesrin S Tolba
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nelly M Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saber-Moghaddam N, Nodeh MM, Ghavami V, Rahimi H, Azimi SA, Seddigh-Shamsi M, Kamandi M, Allahyari A, Shariatmaghani SS, Elyasi S, Arasteh O. The evaluation of atorvastatin as an adjunct to fluconazole for the anti-fungal prophylaxis in acute myeloid leukemia: a multicenter, triple-blinded, randomized clinical trial. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4355-4364. [PMID: 38095652 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is a serious complication in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who undergo an induction to remission chemotherapy. Given the increased mortality in AML patients with IFI despite prophylaxis, we need to address this problem. Statins have traditionally been employed in clinical settings as agents for reducing lipid levels. Nonetheless, recent investigations have brought to light their antifungal properties in animals, as well as in vitro studies. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of atorvastatin when added to the routine IFI prophylaxis regimen in patients diagnosed with AML. A randomized, multicenter, triple-blind study was conducted on 76 AML patients aged 18-70, who received either placebo or atorvastatin in addition to fluconazole. Patients were followed for 30 days in case of developing IFIs, patient survival, and atorvastatin- related adverse drug reactions. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 26.0. A level of significance of 0.05 was utilized as the threshold for all statistical tests. The data were analyzed by adjusting for the effect of age, regarding that there was a significant difference between the two groups, and showed that atorvastatin reduced the development of both probable and proven IFI (based on EORTC/MSGERC criteria) compared to placebo. IFI-free survival was also significantly better in the atorvastatin group. The incidence of developing aspergillosis did not differ between the two groups. No serious adverse events related to atorvastatin were observed. The present investigation has substantiated the antecedent in vitro and animal research on the fungicidal impact of statins and has suggested the need for additional research involving larger sample sizes and an extended duration of follow-up. Trial registration: This study was registered on the Iranian registry of clinical trials as IRCT20210503051166N1 (Date of confirmation 2021.05.03).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Saber-Moghaddam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Moeini Nodeh
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghavami
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Rahimi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ataei Azimi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Seddigh-Shamsi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Kamandi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Allahyari
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Elyasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Arasteh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, He Y, Cai T, Lei Z, Lei W, Cao Y, Wu J. A mechanism study on the synergistic effects of rifapentine and fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans in vitro. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27346. [PMID: 38515731 PMCID: PMC10955295 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is one of the most common clinical isolates of systemic fungal infection. Long-term and inappropriate use of antifungal drugs can cause fungal resistance, which poses a great challenge to the clinical treatment of fungal infections. The combination of antifungal drugs and non-antifungal drugs to overcome the problem of fungal resistance has become a research hotspot in recent years. Our previous study found that the combination of rifapentine (RFT) and fluconazole (FLC) has a significant synergistic against FLC-resistant C. albicans. The present study aimed to further verify the synergistic effect between FLC and RFT against the FLC-resistant C. albicans 100, and explore the underlying mechanism. The growth curve and spot assay test not only showed the synergistic effect of FLC and RFT on FLC-resistant C. albicans in vitro but exhibited a dose-dependent effect on RFT, indicating that RFT may play a principal role in the synergic effect of the two drugs. Flow cytometry showed that the combined use of RFT and FLC arrested cells in the G2/M phase, inhibiting the normal division and proliferation of FLC-resistant C. albicans. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that FLC at a low concentration could still cause a certain degree of damage to the cell membrane in the FLC-resistant C. albicans, as represented by irregular morphologic changes and some defects observed in the cell membrane. When FLC was used in combination with RFT, the nuclear membrane was dissolved and the nucleus was condensed into a mass. Detection of the intracellular drug concentration of fungi revealed that the intracellular concentration of RFT was 31-195 fold that of RFT alone when it was concomitantly used with FLC. This indicated that FLC could significantly increase the concentration of RFT in cells, which may be due to the damage caused to the fungal cell membrane by FLC. In short, the present study revealed a synergistic mechanism in the combined use of RFT and FLC, which may provide a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of FLC-resistant C. albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei He
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongkai Cai
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhi Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbing Cao
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nandhagopal M, Mala R, Somarathinam K, Dhakshinamurthy D, Narayanasamy M, Vijayan P, Shankar MM. Anti-fungal effects of novel N-(tert-butyl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine derivative and it's in-vitro, in-silico, and mode of action against Candida spp. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:186. [PMID: 38509398 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Imidazoles are a category of azole antifungals that encompass compounds such as ketoconazole, miconazole, esomeprazole, and clotrimazole. In contrast, the triazoles group, which includes fluconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole, also plays a significant role. The rise of antibiotic resistance in fungal pathogens has evolved into a substantial global public health concern. In this study, two newly synthesized imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivative (Probe I and Probe II) molecules were investigated for its antimicrobial potency against of a panel of bacterial (Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) and fungal pathogens. Among the different types of pathogens, we found that Probe II showed excellent antifungal activity against fungal pathogens, based on the preliminary screening the potent molecule further investigated against multidrug-resistance Candida sp. (n = 10) and compared with commercial molecules. In addition, in-silico molecular docking, its dynamics, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) were analyzed. In this study, the small molecule (Probe II) displayed potent activity only against the Candida spp. including several multidrug-resistant Candida spp. Probe II exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration ranges from 4 to 16 µg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentration in the range 4‒32 µg/mL as the lowest concentration enough to eliminate the Candida spp. The selected molecules inhibit the formation of yeast to mold as well as ergosterol formation by the computational simulation against Sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) and inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis by in-vitro model show that the Probe II completely inhibits the formation of ergosterol in yeast cells at 2× MIC. The ADMET analysis Probe II could be moderately toxic to the human being, though the in-vitro toxicity studies will help to understand the real-time toxic level. The novel compound Probe II, which was synthesized during the study, shows promise for development into a new generation of drug treatments aimed at addressing the emerging drug resistance in Candida sp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Nandhagopal
- Bio-Control and Microbial Product Lab, Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - Ramanjaneyulu Mala
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Kanagasabai Somarathinam
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divya Dhakshinamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr, Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, 600062, India
| | - Mathivanan Narayanasamy
- Biocontrol and Microbial Metabolites Lab, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyadharshni Vijayan
- Biocontrol and Microbial Metabolites Lab, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manimuthu Mani Shankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Peng JM, Zhang DD, Huang ZY, Fu MJ. The Stress of Fungicides Changes the Expression of Clock Protein CmFRQ and the Morphology of Fruiting Bodies of Cordyceps militaris. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:150. [PMID: 38392822 PMCID: PMC10890350 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The physiological, biochemical, and morphological changes brought about by fungi in response to fungicides can undoubtedly bring diversity to fungi. Cordyceps militaris strains TN (mating type genes MAT1-1-1, MAT1-1-2, and MAT1-2-1) and CmFRQ-454 (mating type genes MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-2) were treated with non-lethal doses of fungicides amphotericin B, L-cysteine, terbinafine, and 5-fluorocytosine. The results showed that the treatment with amphotericin B, terbinafine, and 5-fluorocytosine promoted an increase in the relative content of clock protein CmFRQ (C. militaris FREQUENCY) in the mycelium of strain TN, while the high concentration of L-cysteine inhibited the expression of CmFRQ in strain TN. These four fungicides could reduce the relative contents of CmFRQ in the mycelium of strain CmFRQ454. The relative contents of CmFRQ in the mycelium of strain TN were increased after removing the four fungicides, but the relative contents of CmFRQ in the mycelium of strain CmFRQ454 were decreased after removing the four fungicides. This indicates that the effect of fungicides on CmFRQ on mycelium was still sustained after removing the stress of fungicides, and the operation of the circadian clock was changed. The fruiting bodies of C. militaris strain TN and CmFRQ-454 were still degenerated to varying degrees after removing amphotericin B, L-cysteine, and terbinafine. However, the fruiting bodies of strain TN after removing 5-fluorocytosine did not show significant degeneration; the fruiting bodies of strain CmFRQ-454 after removing 5-fluorocytosine obtained rejuvenation. These results indicate that the stress of fungicides could lead to the degeneration of fruiting bodies as well as the rejuvenation of fruiting bodies, resulting in the morphological diversity of C. militaris. The increase or decrease of the CmFRQ-454, the main component of the circadian clock, caused by the stress of fungicants, might lead to the differential degeneration of different mating-type strains of C. militaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Mei Peng
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zi-Yan Huang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Ming-Jia Fu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Omoniwa BP, Omirinde JO, Afodun AM, Nwonuma CO, Soji-Omoniwa O, Dinmung RN, Abwa TT, Dimka IS, Abimiku GP, Boniface JO, Victor VB. Modulatory properties of Thespesia garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. Aqueous fruit extract on female rats reproductive hormones and tissues histology and potential inhibitory activity of its constituents against SRD5α2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116842. [PMID: 37356746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thespesia garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. is called Gorontula (Kola of Tula) in Nigeria, Morojwa in Bostwana, and Thespesia garckeana in South Africa and is widely distributed across Africa. Its parts reportedly possess multiple medicinal properties and are employed for treating various diseases. In Tula, Gombe State, Nigeria, the ripe fruit decoction is taken as remedy for female infertility as documented by Ochokwu and co in the Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare in 2015. AIM OF THE STUDY This research examined the effects of aqueous fruit extract of T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. (AFETG) on selected reproductive tissues and hormones in female rats and also evaluated the inhibitory potentials of its phytoconstituents against human 5-alpha reductase 2 (SRD5α2) using in silico approach. METHODS Twenty-five (25) sexually matured female rats were randomized into 5 groups (i.e. A - E). Oestrous in the rats was synchronized (subcutaneous oestradiol conjugate [10 μg/100 g BW]). Group A received distilled water (control). Group B received standard drug, clomiphene citrate (0.85 mg/kg BW), while groups C, D, and E received AFETG at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW respectively. The animals were treated for five (5) days and sacrificed 24 h after. Their blood was collected and prepared for analysis of serum prolactin, oestradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) while ovaries, uteruses, and oviducts were studied for histological and histomorphometric changes. For the in silico study, the target protein, human steroid 5α-reductase 2 (SRD5α2) was prepared and its receptor grid was generated using Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulations-2005. The ligand 2D structures were prepared using LigPrep 2.4 software and docked using Glide. The binding energy of the ligands to the protein receptor was predicted using Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) analysis. RESULTS AFETG significantly increased serum levels of E2 but did not alter serum levels of prolactin, LH and FSH when compared with distilled water and clomiphene citrate. AFETG also significantly increased ovarian tertiary follicular diameter, oviductal epithelial height and serosa thickness as well as uterine endometrial epithelial height, endometrial thickness, and myometrial thickness when compared with control. Ovarian secondary follicular diameter and oviductal submucosa thickness and muscular thickness were significantly decreased by AFETG when compared with control. Two compounds in T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc.; D-Melezitose (-12.55 kcal/mol XP GScore) and 1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-5-oxo cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid (-9.136 kcal/mol XP GScore) exhibited higher binding affinities for SRD5α2 than the reference ligand, epristeride (-8.096 kcal/mol XP GScore). In conclusion, the ability of AFETG to increase serum E2 level, thickness of uterine endometrium and ovarian tertiary follicles size can be explored for the treatment of female infertility caused by thinning of the uterine endometrium and reduced follicular size. Two compounds in AFETG (i.e. D-Melezitose and 1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-5-oxo cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid are potential inhibitors of SRD5α2, thus aiding the biosynthesis of E2. Available evidence therefore corroborate the traditional use of T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc fruit as a female fertility enhancer in Northern Nigeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babasoji Percy Omoniwa
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry, and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria; Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Jamiu Oyewole Omirinde
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Adam Moyosore Afodun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Uganda
| | - Charles Obiora Nwonuma
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry, and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Omolola Soji-Omoniwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Rhoda Nyamshak Dinmung
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Thaddeus Terdoo Abwa
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Isreal Shilly Dimka
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Godfrey Patrick Abimiku
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Joy Oluchi Boniface
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Valentina Bangs Victor
- Ethnopharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Biochemical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Afolabi OB, Olasehinde OR, Olanipon DG, Mabayoje SO, Familua OM, Jaiyesimi KF, Agboola EK, Idowu TO, Obafemi OT, Olaoye OA, Oloyede OI. Antioxidant evaluation and computational prediction of prospective drug-like compounds from polyphenolic-rich extract of Hibiscus cannabinus L. seed as antidiabetic and neuroprotective targets: assessment through in vitro and in silico studies. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:203. [PMID: 37337198 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports have implicated diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as some of the global persistent health challenges with no lasting solutions, despite of significant inputs of modern-day pharmaceutical firms. This study therefore, aimed to appraise the in vitro antioxidant potential, enzymes inhibitory activities, and as well carry out in silico study on bioactive compounds from polyphenolic-rich extract of Hibiscus cannabinus seed (PEHc). METHODS In vitro antioxidant assays were performed on PEHc using standard methods while the identification of phytoconstituents was carried out with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For the in silico molecular docking using Schrodinger's Grid-based ligand docking with energetics software, seven target proteins were retrieved from the database ( https://www.rcsb.org/ ). RESULTS HPLC technique identified twelve chemical compounds in PEHc, while antioxidant quantification revealed higher total phenolic contents (243.5 ± 0.71 mg GAE/g) than total flavonoid contents (54.06 ± 0.09 mg QE/g) with a significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of ABTS (IC50 = 218.30 ± 0.87 µg/ml) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals (IC50 = 227.79 ± 0.74 µg/ml). In a similar manner, the extract demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 256.88 ± 6.15 µg/ml) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 183.19 ± 0.23 µg/ml) as well as acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 262.95 ± 1.47 µg/ml) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 189.97 ± 0.82 µg/ml), respectively. Furthermore, In silico study showed that hibiscetin (a lead) revealed a very strong binding affinity energies for DPP-4, (PDB ID: 1RWQ) and α-amylase (PDB ID: 1SMD), gamma-tocopherol ( for peptide-1 receptor; PDB ID: 3C59, AChE; PDB ID: 4EY7 and BChE; PDB ID: 7B04), cianidanol for α-glucosidase; PDB ID: 7KBJ and kaempferol for Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1); PDB ID: 6BHV, respectively. More so, ADMET scores revealed drug-like potentials of the lead compounds identified in PEHc. CONCLUSION As a result, the findings of this study point to potential drug-able compounds in PEHc that could be useful for the management of DM and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola Grace Olanipon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Samson Olatunde Mabayoje
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Michael Familua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Esther Kemi Agboola
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Olajumoke Idowu
- Medicinal Plant Unit, Chemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Tajudeen Obafemi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Omotade Ibidun Oloyede
- Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duke SO, Pan Z, Chittiboyina AG, Swale DR, Sparks TC. Molecular targets of insecticides and herbicides - Are there useful overlaps? PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105340. [PMID: 36963955 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
New insecticide modes of action are needed for insecticide resistance management strategies. The number of molecular targets of commercial herbicides and insecticides are fewer than 35 for both. Few commercial insecticide targets are found in plants, but ten targets of commercial herbicides are found in insects. For several of these commonly held targets, some compounds kill both plants and insects. For example, herbicidal inhibitors of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase are effective insecticides on blood-fed insects. The glutamine synthetase-inhibiting herbicide glufosinate is insecticidal by the same mechanism of action, inhibition of glutamine synthetase. These and other examples of shared activities of commercial herbicides with insecticides through the same target site are discussed. Compounds with novel herbicide targets shared by insects that are not commercialized as pesticides (such as statins) are also discussed. Compounds that are both herbicidal and insecticidal can be used for insect pests not associated with crops or with crops made resistant to the compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38667, USA.
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, University, MS 38667, USA
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38667, USA
| | - Daniel R Swale
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eita AS, M. A. Makky A, Anter A, Khalil IA. Repurposing of atorvastatin emulsomes as a topical antifungal agent. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3414-3431. [DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2149898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S. Eita
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amna M. A. Makky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asem Anter
- Microbiology Unit, Drug Factory, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam A. Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eita AS, Makky AM, Anter A, Khalil IA. Atorvastatin-loaded emulsomes foam as a topical antifungal formulation. Int J Pharm X 2022; 4:100140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
11
|
Jampilek J. Novel avenues for identification of new antifungal drugs and current challenges. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:949-968. [PMID: 35787715 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2097659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Some of otherwise useful fungi are pathogenic to humans, and unfortunately, the number of these pathogens is increasing. In addition to common skin infections, these opportunistic pathogens are able to cause severe, often incurable, systemic mycoses. AREAS COVERED : The number of antifungal drugs is limited, especially drugs that can be used for systemic administration, and resistance to these drugs is very common. This review summarizes various approaches to the discovery and development of new antifungal drugs, provides an overview of the most important molecules in terms of basic (laboratory) research and compounds currently in clinical trials, and focuses on drug repurposing strategy, while providing an overview of drugs of other indications that have been tested in vitro for their antifungal activity for possible expansion of antifungal drugs and/or support of existing antimycotics. EXPERT OPINION : Despite the limitations of the research of new antifungal drugs by pharmaceutical manufacturers, in addition to innovated molecules based on clinically used drugs, several completely new small entities with unique mechanisms of actions have been identified. The identification of new molecular targets that offer alternatives for the development of new unique selective antifungal highly effective agents has been an important outcome of repurposing of non-antifungal drugs to antifungal drug. Also, given the advances in monoclonal antibodies and their application to immunosuppressed patients, it may seem possible to predict a more optimistic future for antifungal therapy than has been the case in recent decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Quirino A, Giorgi V, Palma E, Marascio N, Morelli P, Maletta A, Divenuto F, De Angelis G, Tancrè V, Nucera S, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Carresi C, Mollace V, Liberto MC, Matera G. Citrus bergamia: Kinetics of Antimicrobial Activity on Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030361. [PMID: 35326824 PMCID: PMC8944555 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The inappropriate use of antibiotics has increased selective pressure and the spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which reduces the possibility of effective treatment. A potential alternative therapeutic approach may be represented by essential oils, such as the distilled extract of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau). Such natural products exercise numerous biological activities, including antimicrobial effects. Methods: This work aimed to evaluate the kinetics of the bactericidal and fungicidal activity of the distilled extract of bergamot on MDR bacteria and fungi from clinical specimens using the time-kill assay. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the distilled extract of bergamot on the morphology and cellular organization of clinical pathogens was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: Our results demonstrated that the distilled extract of bergamot exhibited significant antimicrobial activity and a specific bactericidal effect against the bacterial and fungal strains tested. Furthermore, confocal microscope images clearly showed compromised membrane integrity, damage and cell death in bacterial samples treated with the distilled extract of bergamot. In addition, progressive alterations in cell-wall composition, cytoplasmic material and nucleus structure triggered by exposure to the distilled extract of bergamot were identified in the fungal samples considered. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the use of essential oils, such as distilled extract of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau), can represent a valid alternative therapeutic strategy to counteract antibiotic resistance of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Quirino
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Valeria Giorgi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Nadia Marascio
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Paola Morelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Angelo Maletta
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesca Divenuto
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe De Angelis
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Valentina Tancrè
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.P.); (S.N.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Maria Carla Liberto
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Matera
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.Q.); (V.G.); (N.M.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (F.D.); (G.D.A.); (V.T.); (M.C.L.); (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|