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Georgescu AM, Corbu VM, Csutak O. Molecular Basis of Yeasts Antimicrobial Activity-Developing Innovative Strategies for Biomedicine and Biocontrol. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4721-4750. [PMID: 38785553 PMCID: PMC11119588 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the growing concern regarding the appearance and spread of emerging pathogens with high resistance to chemically synthetized biocides, the development of new agents for crops and human protection has become an emergency. In this context, the yeasts present a huge potential as eco-friendly agents due to their widespread nature in various habitats and to their wide range of antagonistic mechanisms. The present review focuses on some of the major yeast antimicrobial mechanisms, their molecular basis and practical applications in biocontrol and biomedicine. The synthesis of killer toxins, encoded by dsRNA virus-like particles, dsDNA plasmids or chromosomal genes, is encountered in a wide range of yeast species from nature and industry and can affect the development of phytopathogenic fungi and other yeast strains, as well as human pathogenic bacteria. The group of the "red yeasts" is gaining more interest over the last years, not only as natural producers of carotenoids and rhodotorulic acid with active role in cell protection against the oxidative stress, but also due to their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic yeasts, fungi and bacteria using these compounds and the mechanism of competition for nutritive substrate. Finally, the biosurfactants produced by yeasts characterized by high stability, specificity and biodegrability have proven abilities to inhibit phytopathogenic fungi growth and mycelia formation and to act as efficient antibacterial and antibiofilm formation agents for biomedicine. In conclusion, the antimicrobial activity of yeasts represents a direction of research with numerous possibilities of bioeconomic valorization as innovative strategies to combat pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Georgescu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Viorica Maria Corbu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, B.P. Hasdeu Street 7, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ortansa Csutak
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, B.P. Hasdeu Street 7, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
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Yamauchi S, Shimoda S, Kawahara A, Sugahara T, Yamamoto S, Kitabayashi M, Sogabe A, Jansen CA, Tobe R, Hirakawa R, Islam J, Furukawa M, Yoneyama H, Nochi T. Identification of four genes responsible for antimicrobial resistance of MEL-B against S. aureus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 699:149566. [PMID: 38290176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the antimicrobial activity of mannosylerythritol lipids-B (MEL-B) against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). However, the specific molecules involved in MEL-B's antimicrobial action against S. aureus have not been identified. This study utilized the Nebraska transposon mutant library (NTML), which contains 1920 mutants, each lacking three-quarters of the genes found in S. aureus. The NTML was screened to identify mutants resistant to MEL-B. Four mutants (Accession Number: SAUSA300_0904, SAUSA300_0752, SAUSA300_0387, and SAUSA300_2311) largely unaffected by incubation with MEL-B, indicating MEL-B resistance. Despite the strong binding of MEL-B to these mutants, the four molecules encoded by the deleted genes (yjbI, clpP, pbuX, or brpS) in each mutant were not directly recognized by MEL-B. Given that these molecules are not localized on the outer surface of S. aureus and that the antibacterial activity of MEL-B against S. aureus is facilitated by the effective transfer of two antibacterial fatty acids (caprylic acid and myristoleic acid) to S. aureus via ME, the deletion of each of the four molecules may alter the peptidoglycan structure, potentially inhibiting the effective transfer of these antimicrobial fatty acids into S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yamauchi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - So Shimoda
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Akio Kawahara
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fukui, 914-8550, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sugahara
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fukui, 914-8550, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamamoto
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fukui, 914-8550, Japan; Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Operating Department, Osaka, 530-0001, Japan
| | - Masao Kitabayashi
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fukui, 914-8550, Japan; Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Operating Department, Osaka, 530-0001, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sogabe
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fukui, 914-8550, Japan; Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biotechnology Operating Department, Osaka, 530-0001, Japan
| | - Christine A Jansen
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708 WD, the Netherlands
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Ryota Hirakawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Jahidul Islam
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Furukawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoneyama
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan; Division of Mucosal Vaccines, International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan; Department of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada; Center for Professional Development, Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8576, Japan.
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