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Al-Gabri R, Abulohoom F, Alqutaibi AY, Obiad A. Unique anomalous in the main mental foramen opening, mandibular canal pathway, and size and shape of genial tubercles: A case report. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:3934-3941. [PMID: 39050645 PMCID: PMC11266875 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This clinical report presents a unique and previously unreported case of anatomical variations in the mandible, specifically involving the main mental foramen (MF), the mandibular canal (MC), and genial tubercles (GTs). The case involves a 21-year-old male seeking dental implant rehabilitation. The patient exhibited an unusual lingual exit path of the main left MF through the lingual cortical bone, with the MC following an anterior lingual direction along a lingual groove before exiting through the labial cortical bone between the apexes of the left canine and first premolar. Additionally, the patient displayed excessive enlargement and rare shape of the GTs. These rare anatomical findings presented challenges in dental implant planning. This case report emphasizes the importance of advanced imaging techniques like cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in evaluating mandibular structures for precise treatment planning and highlights the significance of understanding anatomical variations to prevent complications in dental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redhwan Al-Gabri
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Faisal Abulohoom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera Obiad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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Cen Y, Huang X, Liu J, Qin Y, Wu X, Ye S, Du S, Liao W. Application of three-dimensional reconstruction technology in dentistry: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:630. [PMID: 37667286 PMCID: PMC10476426 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction technology is a method of transforming real goals into mathematical models consistent with computer logic expressions and has been widely used in dentistry, but the lack of review and summary leads to confusion and misinterpretation of information. The purpose of this review is to provide the first comprehensive link and scientific analysis of 3D reconstruction technology and dentistry to bridge the information bias between these two disciplines. METHODS The IEEE Xplore and PubMed databases were used for rigorous searches based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, supplemented by Google Academic as a complementary tool to retrieve all literature up to February 2023. We conducted a narrative review focusing on the empirical findings of the application of 3D reconstruction technology to dentistry. RESULTS We classify the technologies applied to dentistry according to their principles and summarize the different characteristics of each category, as well as the different application scenarios determined by these characteristics of each technique. In addition, we indicate their development prospects and worthy research directions in the field of dentistry, from individual techniques to the overall discipline of 3D reconstruction technology, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Researchers and clinicians should make different decisions on the choice of 3D reconstruction technology based on different objectives. The main trend in the future development of 3D reconstruction technology is the joint application of technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yichun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shiyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shufang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3Rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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An evaluation of mandibular canal variations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anat Sci Int 2023; 98:176-184. [PMID: 36038792 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-022-00682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The inferior alveolar nerve and vessels are carried via the mandibular canal, which extends bilaterally from the inferior alveolar foramen to the mental foramen. Bifid and trifid mandibular canals result from abnormal fusions of nerve canals. The purpose of this study was to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of mandibular canal variations among healthy adults, and to identify any potential ethnic, sex, or laterality predilections. The prevalence of the bifid mandibular canal was 18.87% and that of the trifid canal 1.3%. Unilateral variants were three times commoner than bilateral. Each mandibular half had four canals emanating from separate openings on the lingual surface of the mandibular ramus. Retromolar and forward canals were the predominant subtypes, followed by dental; buccolingual were the least frequent. The mean length and diameter of the bifid mandibular canal were 13.62 mm and 1.63 mm, respectively. The possibility of a bifid mandibular canal is a crucial consideration in dental medicine. Because anatomical variations of the mandibular canal are fairly common, awareness of them is essential for anatomy teachers and for surgeons who operate in the oromaxillofacial region.
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Bifid Mandibular Canal: A Proportional Meta-Analysis of Computed Tomography Studies. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9939076. [PMID: 36923560 PMCID: PMC10010879 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9939076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growing body of evidences showed different grades in prevalence of bifid mandibular canals. Because the previous reviews focused solely on patient-level occurrence, hemi-mandible-level prevalence, bilateral symmetry, length, and diameter of bifid mandibular canals were required to be estimated collectively. The research question of this meta-analysis was "What is the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal among patients seeking computed tomography examinations"? Materials and Methods In vivo, computed tomography, and cross-sectional studies were eligible. Studies, with less than 100 subjects or anatomic site restriction or controlled class of bifid mandibular canal, were excluded. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool for prevalence studies was used to assess methodological quality of all included studies. Random effect meta-analyses for proportion of bifid mandibular canal were done. Results 40 studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies were selected for both systematic review and meta-analyses. Totally, 17714 patients and 31973 hemi-mandibles were included. All eligible studies showed moderate risk of bias on average. Resulting from the random effect model, more than 20% of patients seeking computed tomographic examinations had bifid mandibular canals (BMCs) which penetrated into slightly more than 14% of hemi-mandibles. Of the patients having bifid mandibular canals (BMCs), nearly 23% exhibited such anatomy on both sides of their mandibles. Estimated mean length and diameter of the accessory canals of bifid mandibular canals were 12.17 mm and 1.54 mm, respectively. Conclusion The geographical locations, classifications, reliability test, and voxel size of computed tomography were all implicated in the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals along with gender and laterality, although considerable heterogeneity and bias were detected.
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