1
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Kim G, Jarhad DB, Lee G, Kim G, Hou X, Yu J, Lee CS, Warnick E, Gao ZG, Ahn SY, Kwak D, Park K, Lee SD, Park TU, Jung SY, Lee JH, Choi JR, Kim M, Kim D, Kim B, Jacobson KA, Jeong LS. Structural Modification and Biological Evaluation of 2,8-Disubstituted Adenine and Its Nucleosides as A 2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists: Exploring the Roles of Ribose at Adenosine Receptors. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10490-10507. [PMID: 38845345 PMCID: PMC11302573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Building on the preceding structural analysis and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) of 8-aryl-2-hexynyl nucleoside hA2AAR antagonist 2a, we strategically inverted C2/C8 substituents and eliminated the ribose moiety. These modifications aimed to mitigate potential steric interactions between ribose and adenosine receptors. The SAR findings indicated that such inversions significantly modulated hA3AR binding affinities depending on the type of ribose, whereas removal of ribose altered the functional efficacy via hA2AAR. Among the synthesized derivatives, 2-aryl-8-hexynyl adenine 4a demonstrated the highest selectivity for hA2AAR (Ki,hA2A = 5.0 ± 0.5 nM, Ki,hA3/Ki,hA2A = 86) and effectively blocked cAMP production and restored IL-2 secretion in PBMCs. Favorable pharmacokinetic properties and a notable enhancement of anticancer effects in combination with an mAb immune checkpoint blockade were observed upon oral administration of 4a. These findings establish 4a as a viable immune-oncology therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibae Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dnyandev B Jarhad
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Grim Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudong Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy & Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiyan Hou
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinha Yu
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soo Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Warnick
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sang Yeop Ahn
- Future Medicine Co., Ltd., 54 Changup-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13449, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongik Kwak
- Future Medicine Co., Ltd., 54 Changup-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13449, Republic of Korea
| | - Kichul Park
- LNPsolution, R&D Laboratory, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Summer Dabin Lee
- LNPsolution, R&D Laboratory, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Uk Park
- Preclincial Research Center (PRC), Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Jung
- Preclincial Research Center (PRC), Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Bongtae Kim
- HK inno.N Corp., Seoul 04551, Republic of Korea
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Future Medicine Co., Ltd., 54 Changup-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13449, Republic of Korea
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2
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New A 2A adenosine receptor antagonists: a structure-based upside-down interaction in the receptor cavity. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103183. [PMID: 31446240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine receptor antagonists are generally based on heterocyclic core structures presenting substituents of various volumes and chemical-physical profiles. Adenine and purine-based adenosine receptor antagonists have been reported in literature. In this work we combined various substituents in the 2, 6, and 8-positions of 9-ethylpurine to depict a structure-affinity relationship analysis at the human adenosine receptors. Compounds were rationally designed trough molecular modeling analysis and then synthesized and evaluated at radioligand binding studies at human adenosine receptors. The new compounds showed affinity for the human adenosine receptors, with some derivatives endowed with low nanomolar Ki data, in particular at the A2AAR subtype. The purine core proves to be a versatile core structure for the development of novel adenosine receptor antagonists with nanomolar affinity for these membrane proteins.
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3
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Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Spinaci A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Volpini R. New potent and selective A 1 adenosine receptor antagonists as potential tools for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:199-213. [PMID: 29614417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of 9-alkyl substituted adenine derivatives presenting aromatic groups and cycloalkyl rings in 8- and N6-position, respectively, is reported. The compounds were tested with radioligand binding studies showing, in some cases, a low nanomolar A1 adenosine receptor affinity and a very good selectivity versus the other adenosine receptor subtypes. Functional assays at human adenosine receptors and at a mouse ileum tissue preparation clearly demonstrate the antagonist profile of these molecules, with inhibitory potency at nanomolar level. A molecular modeling study, consisting in docking analysis at the recently reported A1 adenosine receptor crystal structure, was performed for the interpretation of the obtained pharmacological results. The N6-cyclopentyl-9-methyl-8-phenyladenine (17), resulting the most active derivative of the series (Ki = 2.8 nM and IC50 = 14 nM), was also very efficacious in counteracting the effect of the agonist CCPA on mouse ileum contractility. This new compound represents a tool for the development of new agents for the treatment of intestinal diseases as constipation and postoperative ileus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Thomas A, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Santinelli C, Spinaci A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Volpini R. The Length and Flexibility of the 2-Substituent of 9-Ethyladenine Derivatives Modulate Affinity and Selectivity for the Human A2AAdenosine Receptor. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1829-39. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Claudia Santinelli
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie; Universität Würzburg; Versbacher Str. 9 97078 Würzburg Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie; Universität Würzburg; Versbacher Str. 9 97078 Würzburg Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
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5
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Fernicola S, Torquati I, Paiardini A, Giardina G, Rampioni G, Messina M, Leoni L, Del Bello F, Petrelli R, Rinaldo S, Cappellacci L, Cutruzzolà F. Synthesis of Triazole-Linked Analogues of c-di-GMP and Their Interactions with Diguanylate Cyclase. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8269-84. [PMID: 26426545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a widespread second messenger that plays a key role in bacterial biofilm formation. The compound's ability to assume multiple conformations allows it to interact with a diverse set of target macromolecules. Here, we analyzed the binding mode of c-di-GMP to the allosteric inhibitory site (I-site) of diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and compared it to the conformation adopted in the catalytic site of the EAL phosphodiesterases (PDEs). An array of novel molecules has been designed and synthesized by simplifying the native c-di-GMP structure and replacing the charged phosphodiester backbone with an isosteric nonhydrolyzable 1,2,3-triazole moiety. We developed the first neutral small molecule able to selectively target DGCs discriminating between the I-site of DGCs and the active site of PDEs; this molecule represents a novel tool for mechanistic studies, particularly on those proteins bearing both DGC and PDE modules, and for future optimization studies to target DGCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fernicola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Torquati
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paiardini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giardina
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Messina
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre , 00154 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Leoni
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre , 00154 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino , 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy
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6
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Lambertucci C, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Kachler S, Marucci G, Spinaci A, Thomas A, Klotz KN, Volpini R. New substituted 9-propyladenine derivatives as A2Aadenosine receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00034c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New 9-propyladenines substituted at 2- or N6- and 8 positions behave as adenosine receptor antagonists with low nM affinity at the A2A subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - M. Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - D. Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - S. Kachler
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie
- Würzburg
- Germany
| | - G. Marucci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - A. Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - A. Thomas
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - K.-N. Klotz
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie
- Würzburg
- Germany
| | - R. Volpini
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
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7
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Thomas A, Klotz KN, Federico S, Cacciari B, Spalluto G, Volpini R. 8-(2-Furyl)adenine derivatives as A₂A adenosine receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:525-35. [PMID: 24189496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective adenosine receptor modulators are potential tools for numerous therapeutic applications, including cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, the synthesis and biological evaluation at the four human adenosine receptor subtypes of a series of 9-substituted 8-(2-furyl)adenine derivatives are reported. Results show that 8-(2-furyl)-9-methyladenine is endowed with high affinity at the A₂A subtype. Further modification of this compound with introduction of arylacetyl or arylcarbamoyl groups in N(6)-position takes to different effects on the A₂A affinity and in particular on the selectivity versus the other three adenosine receptor subtypes. A molecular modelling analysis at three different A₂A receptor crystal structures provides an interpretation of the obtained biological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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LaBeaume P, Dong M, Sitkovsky M, Jones EV, Thomas R, Sadler S, Kallmerten AE, Jones GB. An efficient route to xanthine based A2A adenosine receptor antagonists and functional derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4155-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c003382k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Borrmann T, Abdelrahman A, Volpini R, Lambertucci C, Alksnis E, Gorzalka S, Knospe M, Schiedel AC, Cristalli G, Müller CE. Structure−Activity Relationships of Adenine and Deazaadenine Derivatives as Ligands for Adenine Receptors, a New Purinergic Receptor Family. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5974-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jm9006356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Borrmann
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Aliaa Abdelrahman
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Edgars Alksnis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles iela 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Simone Gorzalka
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Knospe
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gloria Cristalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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8-Bromo-9-alkyl adenine derivatives as tools for developing new adenosine A2A and A2B receptors ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2812-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
The development of potent and selective agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors (ARs) has been a target of medicinal chemistry research for several decades, and recently the US Food and Drug Administration has approved Lexiscan, an adenosine derivative substituted at the 2 position, for use as a pharmacologic stress agent in radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. Currently, some other adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)AR) agonists and antagonists are undergoing preclinical testing and clinical trials. While agonists are potent antiinflammatory agents also showing hypotensive effects, antagonists are being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.However, since there are still major problems in this field, including side effects, low brain penetration (for the targeting of CNS diseases), short half-life, or lack of in vivo effects, the design and development of new AR ligands is a hot research topic.This review presents an update on the medicinal chemistry of A(2A)AR agonists and antagonists, and stresses the strong need for more selective ligands at the human A(2A)AR subtype, in particular in the case of agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cristalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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