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Kato D, Kamata T, Sumimoto M. Electrochemical Detection of Tryptophan Metabolites via Kynurenine Pathway by Using Nanocarbon Films. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dai Kato
- Health and Medical Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8566 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kamata
- Health and Medical Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8566 Japan
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2
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Gladding PA, Loader S, Smith K, Zarate E, Green S, Villas-Boas S, Shepherd P, Kakadiya P, Hewitt W, Thorstensen E, Keven C, Coe M, Nakisa B, Vuong T, Rastgoo MN, Jüllig M, Starc V, Schlegel TT. Multiomics, virtual reality and artificial intelligence in heart failure. Future Cardiol 2021; 17:1335-1347. [PMID: 34008412 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2020-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Multiomics delivers more biological insight than targeted investigations. We applied multiomics to patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), with machine learning applied to advanced ECG (AECG) and echocardiography artificial intelligence (Echo AI). Patients & methods: In total, 46 patients with HFrEF and 20 controls underwent metabolomic profiling, including liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction volatilomics in plasma and urine. HFrEF was defined using left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain, EF and N-terminal pro hormone BNP. AECG and Echo AI were performed over 5 min, with a subset of patients undergoing a virtual reality mental stress test. Results: A-ECG had similar diagnostic accuracy as N-terminal pro hormone BNP for HFrEF (area under the curve = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.85-0.99), and correlated with global longitudinal strain (r = -0.77, p < 0.0001), while Echo AI-generated measurements correlated well with manually measured LV end diastolic volume r = 0.77, LV end systolic volume r = 0.8, LVEF r = 0.71, indexed left atrium volume r = 0.71 and indexed LV mass r = 0.6, p < 0.005. AI-LVEF and other HFrEF biomarkers had a similar discrimination for HFrEF (area under the curve AI-LVEF = 0.88; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.15; p = 0.19). Virtual reality mental stress test elicited arrhythmic biomarkers on AECG and indicated blunted autonomic responsiveness (alpha 2 of RR interval variability, p = 1 × 10-4) in HFrEF. Conclusion: Multiomics-related machine learning shows promise for the assessment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Gladding
- Department of Cardiology, Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland 0620, New Zealand
| | - Suzanne Loader
- Department of Cardiology, Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland 0620, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Smith
- Clinical Laboratory, Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland 0620, New Zealand
| | - Erica Zarate
- School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Saras Green
- School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Silas Villas-Boas
- School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Phillip Shepherd
- Grafton Genomics Ltd, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Purvi Kakadiya
- Grafton Genomics Ltd, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Will Hewitt
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Eric Thorstensen
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Christine Keven
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Margaret Coe
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Bahareh Nakisa
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Tan Vuong
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Mohammad Naim Rastgoo
- School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mia Jüllig
- Paper Dog Limited, Waiheke Island, Auckland 1081, New Zealand
| | - Vito Starc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Todd T Schlegel
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 171 77, Switzerland.,Nicollier-Schlegel Sàrl, Trélex, Karolinaka 1270, Switzerland
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Shah SM, Meadows JL, Burg MM, Pfau S, Soufer R. Effects of Psychological Stress on Vascular Physiology: Beyond the Current Imaging Signal. Curr Cardiol Rep 2020; 22:156. [PMID: 33037500 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-020-01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review describes the effects of psychological stress on the physiology of the entire vascular system, from individual cellular components to macrovascular and microvascular responses, and highlights the importance of the vascular system in the context of current limitations in cardiac imaging for evaluation of the cardiovascular response to mental stress. RECENT FINDINGS The physiological responses that mediate vascular changes are based on evolutionary needs, but there is increasing evidence that the long-term consequences of psychological stress can precipitate the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While there is an extensive body of literature describing localized physiological responses or overt cardiovascular manifestations, often framed within the organ-specific scope of cardiovascular imaging, there has not been a comprehensive description of the global vascular effects of psychological stress. Given the global nature of these processes, targeted cardiovascular imaging modalities may be insufficient. Here we approach the vascular response to mental stress systematically, describing the effects on the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and adventitia. We then address the mental stress effects on large vessels and the microvascular compartment, with a discussion of the role of microvascular resistance in the pathophysiology of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. Vascular responses to psychological stress involve complex physiological processes that are not fully characterized by routine cardiovascular imaging assessments. Future research incorporating standardized psychological assessments targeted toward vascular mechanisms of stress responses is required to guide the development of behavioral and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samit M Shah
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Ave./111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Judith L Meadows
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Ave./111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew M Burg
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Ave./111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven Pfau
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Ave./111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert Soufer
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Ave./111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA. .,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
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4
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Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang T, Zhao H, Fan S, Cai X, Liu Y, Li Z, Gao S, Li Y, Yu C. Analysis of biomarkers and metabolic pathways in patients with unstable angina based on ultra‑high‑performance liquid chromatography‑quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3862-3872. [PMID: 32901869 PMCID: PMC7533448 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Unstable angina (UA) is a coronary disease with a high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study aimed to use non-invasive techniques to identify urine biomarkers in patients with UA, so as to provide more information for the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Based on metabolomics, urine samples from 28 patients with UA and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). A total of 16 significant biomarkers that could distinguish between patients with UA and HCs, including D-glucuronic acid, creatinine, succinic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid, were identified. The major metabolic pathways associated with UA were subsequently analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics. The results demonstrated that amino acid and energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthetic metabolism may serve important roles in UA. The results of the current study may provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of UA and novel treatment strategies for clinicians. The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (registration no. ChiCTR-ROC-17013957) at Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Tianpu Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Simiao Fan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Xuemeng Cai
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Li
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Shan Gao
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Chunquan Yu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
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5
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Satyamitra MM, Cassatt DR, Hollingsworth BA, Price PW, Rios CI, Taliaferro LP, Winters TA, DiCarlo AL. Metabolomics in Radiation Biodosimetry: Current Approaches and Advances. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10080328. [PMID: 32796693 PMCID: PMC7465152 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10080328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triage and medical intervention strategies for unanticipated exposure during a radiation incident benefit from the early, rapid and accurate assessment of dose level. Radiation exposure results in complex and persistent molecular and cellular responses that ultimately alter the levels of many biological markers, including the metabolomic phenotype. Metabolomics is an emerging field that promises the determination of radiation exposure by the qualitative and quantitative measurements of small molecules in a biological sample. This review highlights the current role of metabolomics in assessing radiation injury, as well as considerations for the diverse range of bioanalytical and sampling technologies that are being used to detect these changes. The authors also address the influence of the physiological status of an individual, the animal models studied, the technology and analysis employed in interrogating response to the radiation insult, and variables that factor into discovery and development of robust biomarker signatures. Furthermore, available databases for these studies have been reviewed, and existing regulatory guidance for metabolomics are discussed, with the ultimate goal of providing both context for this area of radiation research and the consideration of pathways for continued development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merriline M. Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-669-5432
| | - David R. Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Brynn A. Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Paul W. Price
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Carmen I. Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Lanyn P. Taliaferro
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Thomas A. Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Andrea L. DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
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Abstract
The world's older population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate. This trend amplifies the necessity of improving the care of older patients with chronic health problems. Of those with chronic health problems, those with cardiovascular diseases and depression are particularly challenging due to the multifaceted nature of these conditions. This review discusses the significance of this aging trend and ways to better care for this particular population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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7
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Liu MY, Yang Y, Zhang LJ, Pu LH, He DF, Liu JY, Hafeez A, Ding YC, Ma H, Geng QS. Potential predictors for mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:1390-1399. [PMID: 31205095 PMCID: PMC6629334 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is closely associated with adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and we aimed to determine whether biomarkers and blood pressure could be potential predictors of MSIMI. METHODS This study enrolled 82 patients with documented CAD between June 1, 2017 and November 9, 2017. Patient blood samples were obtained at resting period and at the end of mental arithmetic. Then, patients were assigned to MSIMI positive group and MSIMI negative group. The main statistical methods included linear regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and logistic regression. RESULTS Patients with CAD with MSIMI had significantly greater median resting N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, 141.02 [45.85-202.76] pg/mL vs. 57.95 [27.06-117.64] pg/mL; Z = -2.23, P = 0.03) and mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) (145.56 ± 16.87 mmHg vs. 134.92 ± 18.16 mmHg, Z = -2.13, P = 0.04) when compared with those without MSIMI. After 5-min mental stress task, those who developed MSIMI presented higher elevation of median post-stressor high sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI, 0.020 [0.009-0.100] ng/mL vs. 0.009 [0.009-0.010] ng/mL; Z = -2.45, P = 0.01), post-stressor NT-proBNP (138.96 [39.93-201.56] pg/mL vs. 61.55 [25.66-86.50] pg/mL; Z = -2.15, P = 0.03) compared with those without MSIMI. Using the ROC curves, and after the adjustment for basic characteristics, the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that patients presenting a post-stressor hs-cTnI ≥ 0.015 ng/mL had seven-fold increase in the risk of developing MSIMI (odds ratio [OR]: 7.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65-30.48; P = 0.009), a rest NT-proBNP ≥ 80.51 pg/mL had nearly eight-fold increase (OR: 7.85; 95% CI: 1.51-40.82; P = 0.014), a post-stressor NT-proBNP ≥ 98.80 pg/mL had 35-fold increase (OR: 34.96; 95% CI: 3.72-328.50; P = 0.002), a rest SBP ≥ 129.50 mmHg had 11-fold increase (OR: 11.42; 95% CI: 1.21-108.17; P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that CAD patients with higher hs-cTnI level, and/or greater NT-proBNP and/or SBP are at higher risk of suffering from MSIMI when compared with those without MSIMI, indicating that hs-cTnI, NT-proBNP, SBP might be potential predictors of MSIMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li-Hong Pu
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong-Fang He
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian-Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Adam Hafeez
- Deparment of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Health affiliated with Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yu-Chuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Huan Ma
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Qing-Shan Geng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
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8
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Miller AL, Lumeng JC. Pathways of Association from Stress to Obesity in Early Childhood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1117-1124. [PMID: 29656595 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to critically review the literature on early life stress in relation to obesity in humans, including the multiple biological and behavioral mechanisms through which early life stress exposure (birth to the age of 5 years) may associate with obesity risk during childhood. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted to identify studies on associations between early childhood stress and risk for obesity and the mechanisms of association. Multiple databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Google Scholar) were used in the search as well as a "snowball" search strategy. All study designs were included. RESULTS Early life stress and adverse childhood experiences are associated with obesity and overweight in adults. Evidence is less consistent in children. Studies vary in the nature of the stress examined (e.g., chronic vs. acute), sample characteristics, and study designs. Longitudinal studies are needed, as the effects of early life stress exposure may not emerge until later in the life-span. Early life stress exposure is associated with biological and behavioral pathways that may increase risk for childhood obesity. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence that early life stress is associated with multiple biological and behavioral pathways in children that may increase risk for later obesity. Little work has detailed the interconnections among these mechanisms across development or identified potential moderators of the association. Mapping the mechanisms connecting early life stress exposure to obesity risk in young children longitudinally should be a priority for obesity researchers. Recommendations for developmentally sensitive approaches to research that can inform obesity prevention strategies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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9
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Abstract
The world's older population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate. This trend amplifies the necessity of improving the care of older patients with chronic health problems. Of those with chronic health problems, those with cardiovascular diseases and depression are particularly challenging due to the multifaceted nature of these conditions. This review discusses the significance of this aging trend and ways to better care for this particular population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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10
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Ali SE, Farag MA, Holvoet P, Hanafi RS, Gad MZ. A Comparative Metabolomics Approach Reveals Early Biomarkers for Metabolic Response to Acute Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36359. [PMID: 27821850 PMCID: PMC5099572 DOI: 10.1038/srep36359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of novel biomarkers is critical for early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Serum metabolite profiling of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), unstable angina (UA) and healthy controls was performed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS), solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Multivariate data analysis revealed a metabolic signature that could robustly discriminate STEMI patients from both healthy controls and UA patients. This panel of biomarkers consisted of 19 metabolites identified in the serum of STEMI patients. One of the most intriguing biomarkers among these metabolites is hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter with profound effect on the heart. Serum H2S absolute levels were further investigated using a quantitative double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This highly sensitive immunoassay confirmed the elevation of serum H2S in STEMI patients. H2S level discriminated between UA and STEMI groups, providing an initial insight into serum-free H2S bioavailability during ACS. In conclusion, the current study provides a detailed map illustrating the most predominant altered metabolic pathways and the biochemical linkages among the biomarker metabolites identified in STEMI patients. Metabolomics analysis may yield novel predictive biomarkers that will potentially allow for an earlier medical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy &Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Paul Holvoet
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit, KatholiekeUniversiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rasha S Hanafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy &Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z Gad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy &Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Abstract
Mental stress and emotional arousal can act as triggers of acute myocardial infarction and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Experimental research examining mechanisms of the adverse interplay between mind and heart has led to the discovery of mental stress-induced cardiac dysfunction or myocardial ischemia (MSIMI). Evidence about the prevalence, clinical significance, and mechanistic bases of MSIMI outlines a wide range of central and peripheral bio-pathologic processes that are associated with emotions and behaviors. MSIMI is recognized as an integrated and intermediate biomarker underpinning the negative mind-heart interplay. Particularly, MSIMI research paves the way toward investigations aiming more specifically at recognizing the susceptibilities of individuals who are prone to respond adversely to the psycho-social-environmental stress. This article reviews recent literature on MSIMI research following the comprehensive review of Strike and Steptoe Eur Heart J 24:690-703, 2003. Further, this article outlines the main steps in the identification of the specific bio-pathologic manifestations of the cardiovascular system to emotional stress. Finally, a speculative description is provided of future directions in better searching for areas that may be critical targets in resolving adverse mind-heart interplays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Duke University Medical Center, Box 3366, Durham, NC, 27710, USA,
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12
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da Costa JP, Rocha-Santos T, Duarte AC. Analytical tools to assess aging in humans: The rise of geri-omics. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Ren C, Hu X, Li X, Zhou Q. Ultra-trace graphene oxide in a water environment triggers Parkinson's disease-like symptoms and metabolic disturbance in zebrafish larvae. Biomaterials 2016; 93:83-94. [PMID: 27085073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the safety of nanomaterials has attracted attention due to their rapid development. The relevant health threat of these materials remains largely unknown, particularly at environmentally or biologically relevant ultra-trace concentrations. To address this, we first found that graphene oxide (GO, a carbon nanomaterial that receives extensive attention across various disciplines) at concentrations of 0.01 μg/L-1 μg/L induced Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in zebrafish larvae. In this model, zebrafish showed a loss of more than 90% of dopamine neurons, a 69-522% increase in Lewy bodies (α-synuclein and ubiquitin) and significantly disturbed locomotive activity. Moreover, it was also shown that GO was able to translocate from the water environment to the brain and localize to the nucleus of the diencephalon, thereby inducing structural and morphological damage in the mitochondria. Cell apoptosis and senescence were triggered via oxidative stress, as shown by the upregulation of caspase 8 and β-galactosidase. Using metabolomics, we found that the upregulation of amino acid and some fatty acids (e.g. dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecenoic acid, nonanoic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosanoic acid, propanoic acid and benzenedicarboxylic acid) metabolism and the downregulation of some other fatty acids (e.g. butanoic acid, phthalic acid and docosenoic acid) are linked to these Parkinson's disease-like symptoms. These findings broaden our understanding of nanomaterial safety at ultra-trace concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xueyan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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