1
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Kim J, Kadayat TM, Lee JE, Kwon S, Jung K, Hwang JS, Kwon OB, Kim YJ, Choi YK, Park KG, Hwang H, Cho SJ, Lee T, Jeon YH, Chin J. Discovery of the therapeutic potential of PPARδ agonist bearing 1,3,4- thiadiazole in inflammatory disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 279:116856. [PMID: 39270454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
As a defense mechanism against deleterious stimuli, inflammation plays a vital role in the development of many disorders, including atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, septic and non-septic shock, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite the serious adverse effects of extended usage, traditional anti-inflammatory medications, such as steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), are commonly used for alleviating symptoms of inflammation. The PPARδ subtype of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) has attracted interest because of its potential for reducing inflammation and related disorders. In this study, a series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Compound 11 exhibited potent PPARδ agonistic activity with EC50 values 20 nM and strong selectivity over PPARα and PPARγ. Furthermore, compound 11 demonstrated favorable in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. In vivo experiments using labeled macrophages and paw thickness measurements confirmed compound 11's potential to reduce macrophage infiltration and alleviate inflammation. These findings highlight compound 11 as a potent and promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases and warrant further investigation to explore various biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Tara Man Kadayat
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Jung
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Hwang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Bin Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Hwang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taeho Lee
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungwook Chin
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Mao Y, Ren J, Yang L. Advances of nanomedicine in treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:116637. [PMID: 37482129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease. Myocardial ischemia originated from AS is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, one of the major factors contributing to the global disease burden. AS is typically quiescent until occurrence of plaque rupture and thrombosis, leading to acute coronary syndrome and sudden death. Currently, clinical diagnostic techniques suffer from major pitfalls including lack of accuracy and specificity, which makes it rather difficult for drugs to directly target plaques to achieve therapeutic effect. Therefore, how to accurately diagnose and effectively intervene vulnerable AS plaques to achieve accurate delivery of drugs has become an urgent and evolving clinical problem. With the rapid development of nanomedicine and nanomaterials, nanotechnology has shown unique advantages in monitoring vulnerable plaques and thrombus and improving drug efficacy. Recent studies have shown that application of nanoparticle drug delivery system can booster the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, and molecular imaging technology and nanomedicine also exhibit high clinical application potentials in disease diagnosis. Therefore, nanotechnology provides another promising avenue for diagnosis and treatment of AS and thrombosis, and has shown excellent performance in the development of targeted drug therapy and biomaterials. In this review, the research progress, challenges and prospects of nanotechnology in AS and thrombosis are discussed, expecting to provide new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AS and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children Hospital, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Yu X, Wu Y, Tang W, Duan X. A lysosome-targeted triazole near-infrared cyanine fluorescent probe for in vivo long-term cell tracking. Analyst 2023; 148:5117-5123. [PMID: 37675662 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01238g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In vivo visualization of cell migration and engraftment in small animals provides crucial information for the development and clinical translation of cell-based therapies. Therefore, a good quality near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe with high optical properties and excellent cellular retention ability is desired for in vivo cell tracking. Herein, we designed and synthesized a lysosome-targeted triazole NIR cyanine fluorescent probe, named IR780-NT-NH2, for in vivo long-term cell tracking. For the design, the heptamethine cyanine dye IR780 was used as the NIR fluorescent skeleton to ensure that the absorption and emission wavelengths fall within the NIR window. The substituent N-triazole group endowed the probe with high photostability and brightness. It has a quantum yield of 17.3% and the brightness remained above 85% after continuous illumination for 30 min. Due to the primary amine docking group, IR780-NT-NH2 has excellent lysosomal targeting and retention abilities as it becomes protonated in an acidic environment. The strong signal strength of IR780-NT-NH2 was maintained in well-shaped cells after an additional 12 h incubation. Moreover, this NIR probe exhibited ideal cellular permeability and biosafety. Finally, we realized long-term cell tracking with IR780-NT-NH2 labeled PC-3 cells using a NIR imaging system. The present study provides evidence that IR780-NT-NH2 exhibits ideal optical properties, excellent cellular permeation and retention, and good biosafety, which are useful for in vivo long-term observation of cells, and thus it shows promising potential for visualization in cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinrui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Imaging Immune Cells Using Fc Domain Probes in Mouse Cancer Xenograft Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020300. [PMID: 35053466 PMCID: PMC8773629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The immune system responds to abnormal cell growth by sending immune cells to kill them. The immune cell response is very important since it can usually stop abnormal cells from growing and spreading. Immuno-therapeutics used to treat cancer require help from the immune system to be effective. A biopsy is typically performed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of cancer treatment which is invasive and difficult. A simpler and less invasive way to monitor therapeutic efficacy is needed. Here, we show a molecule that can be used as an imaging agent to determine immune cell recruitment to tumors. Abstract Tracking immune responses is complex due to the mixture of cell types, variability in cell populations, and the dynamic environment. Tissue biopsies and blood analysis can identify infiltrating and circulating immune cells; however, due to the dynamic nature of the immune response, these are prone to sampling errors. Non-invasive targeted molecular imaging provides a method to monitor immune response, which has advantages of providing whole-body images, being non-invasive, and allowing longitudinal monitoring. Three non-specific Fc-containing proteins were labeled with near-infrared dye IRDye800CW and used as imaging probes to assess tumor-infiltrating immune cells in FaDu and A-431 xenograft models. We showed that Fc domains localize to tumors and are visible by fluorescent imaging. This tumor localization appears to be based on binding tumor-associated immune cells and some xenografts showed higher fluorescent signals than others. The Fc domain alone bound to different human immune cell types. The Fc domain can be a valuable research tool to study innate immune response.
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5
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Liu N, Chen X, Kimm MA, Stechele M, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wildgruber M, Ma X. In vivo optical molecular imaging of inflammation and immunity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1385-1398. [PMID: 34272967 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the phenotypic form of various diseases. Recent development in molecular imaging provides new insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of different inflammatory diseases as well as diseases involving inflammation such as cancer. While conventional imaging techniques used in the clinical setting provide only indirect measures of inflammation such as increased perfusion and altered endothelial permeability, optical imaging is able to report molecular information on diseased tissue and cells. Optical imaging is a quick, noninvasive, nonionizing, and easy-to-use diagnostic technology which has been successfully applied for preclinical research. Further development of optical imaging technology such as optoacoustic imaging overcomes the limitations of mere fluorescence imaging, thereby enabling pilot clinical applications in humans. By means of endogenous and exogenous contrast agents, sites of inflammation can be accurately visualized in vivo. This allows for early disease detection and specific disease characterization, enabling more rapid and targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize currently available optical imaging techniques used to detect inflammation, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), bioluminescence, fluorescence, optoacoustics, and Raman spectroscopy. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of the different in vivo imaging applications with a special focus on targeting inflammation including immune cell tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Xiao Chen
- Klinik und Poliklinik IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie A Kimm
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Stechele
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xueli Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
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6
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Gao WJ, Liu JX, Liu MN, Yao YD, Liu ZQ, Liu L, He HH, Zhou H. Macrophage 3D migration: A potential therapeutic target for inflammation and deleterious progression in diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105563. [PMID: 33746053 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that have different physiological functions, such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, endocytosis, and secretion of various factors. All physiological functions of macrophages are integral to homeostasis, immune defense and tissue repair. However, in several diseases, macrophages are recruited from the blood towards inflammatory sites. This process is called macrophage migration, which promotes deleterious disease progression. Macrophage migration is a key player in many inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancers because it contributes to the accumulation of proinflammatory factors, the destruction of tissues and the development of tumors. Therefore, macrophage migration is proposed to be a potential therapeutic target. Macrophages migrate between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) environments, implying that distinct migratory features and mechanisms are involved. Compared with the 2D migration of macrophages, 3D migration involves more complex variations in cellular morphology and dynamics. The structure of the extracellular matrix, a key factor, is modified in diseases that influence macrophage 3D migration. Macrophage 3D migration relates to disease pathology. Research that focuses on macrophage 3D migration is an emerging field and was reviewed in this article to indicate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of macrophage migration in 3D environments and to provide potential targets for controlling disease progression associated with this migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jiao Gao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yun-Da Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan He
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000, PR China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000, PR China.
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7
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Volpe A, Pillarsetty NVK, Lewis JS, Ponomarev V. Applications of nuclear-based imaging in gene and cell therapy: probe considerations. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 20:447-458. [PMID: 33718593 PMCID: PMC7907215 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Several types of gene- and cell-based therapeutics are now emerging in the cancer immunotherapy, transplantation, and regenerative medicine landscapes. Radionuclear-based imaging can be used as a molecular imaging tool for repetitive and non-invasive visualization as well as in vivo monitoring of therapy success. In this review, we discuss the principles of nuclear-based imaging and provide a comprehensive overview of its application in gene and cell therapy. This review aims to inform investigators in the biomedical field as well as clinicians on the state of the art of nuclear imaging, from probe design to available radiopharmaceuticals and advances of direct (probe-based) and indirect (transgene-based) strategies in both preclinical and clinical settings. Notably, as the nuclear-based imaging toolbox is continuously expanding, it will be increasingly incorporated into the clinical setting where the distribution, targeting, and persistence of a new generation of therapeutics can be imaged and ultimately guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Volpe
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vladimir Ponomarev
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Liu Y, Huang W, Xiong C, Huang Y, Chen BJ, Racioppi L, Chao N, Vo-Dinh T. Biodistribution and sensitive tracking of immune cells with plasmonic gold nanostars. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3403-3411. [PMID: 31190799 PMCID: PMC6514259 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To quantitatively and sensitively investigate the biodistribution of immune cells after systemic administration. Methods: Immune cells were loaded with plasmonic gold nanostars (GNS) tracking probes. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for quantitative gold mass measurement and two-photon photoluminescence (TPL) was used for high-resolution sensitive optical imaging. Results: GNS nanoparticles were loaded successfully into immune cells without negative effect on cellular vitality. Liver and spleen were identified to be the major organs for macrophage cells uptake after systematic administration. A small amount of macrophage cells were detected in the tumor site in our murine lymphoma animal model. Conclusion: GNS has great potential as a biocompatible marker for quantitative tracking and high-resolution imaging of immune cells at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chuanfeng Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yuxian Huang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Benny J Chen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Luigi Racioppi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Nelson Chao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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9
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Abstract
The recent clinical success of cancer immunotherapy has renewed interest in the development of tools to image the immune system. In general, immunotherapies attempt to enable the body's own immune cells to seek out and destroy malignant disease. Molecular imaging of the cells and molecules that regulate immunity could provide unique insight into the mechanisms of action, and failure, of immunotherapies. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art immunoimaging toolbox with a focus on imaging strategies and their applications toward immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Mayer
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Sanjiv S Gambhir
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
- Department of Radiology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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10
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Joshi BP, Hardie J, Farkas ME. Harnessing Biology to Deliver Therapeutic and Imaging Entities via Cell-Based Methods. Chemistry 2018; 24:8717-8726. [PMID: 29543990 PMCID: PMC6174085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of therapeutic and imaging agents at sites of interest is critical to their efficacy. Similarly, off-target effects (especially toxicity) are a major liability for these entities. For this reason, the use of delivery vehicles to improve the distribution characteristics of bio-active agents has become ubiquitous in the field. However, the majority of traditionally employed, cargo-bearing platforms rely on passive accumulation. Even in cases where "targeting" functionalities are used, the agents must first reach the site in order for the ligand-receptor interaction to occur. The next stage of vehicle development is the use of "recruited" entities, which respond to biological signals produced in the tissues to be targeted, resulting in improved specificities. Recently, many advances have been made in the utilization of cells as delivery agents. They are biocompatible, exhibit excellent circulation lifetimes and tissue penetration capabilities, and respond to chemotactic signals. In this Minireview, we will explore various cell types, modifications, and applications where cell-based delivery agents are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu P Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Joseph Hardie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Michelle E Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
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11
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Seth A, Park HS, Hong KS. Current Perspective on In Vivo Molecular Imaging of Immune Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060881. [PMID: 28587110 PMCID: PMC6152742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporaneous development of improved immune cell-based therapies, and powerful imaging tools, has prompted growth in technologies for immune cell tracking in vivo. Over the past couple of decades, imaging tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging have successfully monitored the trafficking patterns of therapeutic immune cells and assisted the evaluation of the success or failure of immunotherapy. Recent advancements in imaging technology have made imaging an indispensable module of immune cell-based therapies. In this review, emerging applications of non-radiation imaging modalities for the tracking of a range of immune cells are discussed. Applications of MRI, NIR, and other imaging tools have demonstrated the potential of non-invasively surveying the fate of both phagocytic and non-phagocytic immune cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Seth
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Hye Sun Park
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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12
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Kim J, Chhour P, Hsu J, Litt HI, Ferrari VA, Popovtzer R, Cormode DP. Use of Nanoparticle Contrast Agents for Cell Tracking with Computed Tomography. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1581-1597. [PMID: 28485976 PMCID: PMC5481820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Efforts
to develop novel cell-based therapies originated with the
first bone marrow transplant on a leukemia patient in 1956. Preclinical
and clinical examples of cell-based treatment strategies have shown
promising results across many disciplines in medicine, with recent
advances in immune cell therapies for cancer producing remarkable
response rates, even in patients with multiple treatment failures.
However, cell-based therapies suffer from inconsistent outcomes, motivating
the search for tools that allow monitoring of cell delivery and behavior
in vivo. Noninvasive cell imaging techniques, also known as cell tracking,
have been developed to address this issue. These tools can allow real-time,
quantitative, and long-term monitoring of transplanted cells in the
recipient, providing insight on cell migration, distribution, viability,
differentiation, and fate, all of which play crucial roles in treatment
efficacy. Understanding these parameters allows the optimization of
cell choice, delivery route, and dosage for therapy and advances cell-based
therapy for specific clinical uses. To date, most cell tracking work
has centered on imaging modalities such as MRI, radionuclide imaging,
and optical imaging. However, X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an
emerging method for cell tracking that has several strengths such
as high spatial and temporal resolution, and excellent quantitative
capabilities. The advantages of CT for cell tracking are enhanced
by its wide availability and cost effectiveness, allowing CT to become
one of the most popular clinical imaging modalities and a key asset
in disease diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss recent advances
in cell tracking methods using X-ray CT in various applications, in
addition to predictions on how the field will progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Department of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
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13
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Tansi FL, Rüger R, Kollmeier AM, Böhm C, Kontermann RE, Teichgraeber UK, Fahr A, Hilger I. A fast and effective determination of the biodistribution and subcellular localization of fluorescent immunoliposomes in freshly excised animal organs. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:8. [PMID: 28100205 PMCID: PMC5242003 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preclinical research implementing fluorescence-based approaches is inevitable for drug discovery and technology. For example, a variety of contrast agents developed for biomedical imaging are usually evaluated in cell systems and animal models based on their conjugation to fluorescent dyes. Biodistribution studies of excised organs are often performed by macroscopic imaging, whereas the subcellular localization though vital, is often neglected or further validated by histological procedures. Available systems used to define the subcellular biodistribution of contrast agents such as intravital microscopes or ex vivo histological analysis are expensive and not affordable by the majority of researchers, or encompass tedious and time consuming steps that may modify the contrast agents and falsify the results. Thus, affordable and more reliable approaches to study the biodistribution of contrast agents are required. We developed fluorescent immunoliposomes specific for human fibroblast activation protein and murine endoglin, and used macroscopic fluorescence imaging and confocal microscopy to determine their biodistribution and subcellular localization in freshly excised mice organs at different time points post intravenous injection. Results Near infrared fluorescence macroscopic imaging revealed key differences in the biodistribution of the respective immunoliposomes at different time points post injection, which correlated to the first-pass effect as well as the binding of the probes to molecular targets within the mice organs. Thus, a higher accumulation and longer retention of the murine endoglin immunoliposomes was seen in the lungs, liver and kidneys than the FAP specific immunoliposomes. Confocal microscopy showed that tissue autofluorescence enables detection of organ morphology and cellular components within freshly excised, non-processed organs, and that fluorescent probes with absorption and emission maxima beyond the tissue autofluorescence range can be easily distinguished. Hence, the endoglin targeting immunoliposomes retained in some organs could be detected in the vascular endothelia cells of the organs. Conclusions The underlying work represents a quick, effective and more reliable setup to validate the macroscopic and subcellular biodistribution of contrast agents in freshly excised animal organs. The approach will be highly beneficial to many researchers involved in nanodrug design or in fluorescence-based studies on disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista L Tansi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Experimental Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Ronny Rüger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ansgar M Kollmeier
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Experimental Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Böhm
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Experimental Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulf K Teichgraeber
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Experimental Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Alfred Fahr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Experimental Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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14
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Lee HW, Gangadaran P, Kalimuthu S, Ahn BC. Advances in Molecular Imaging Strategies for In Vivo Tracking of Immune Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1946585. [PMID: 27725934 PMCID: PMC5048043 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1946585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tracking of immune cells in vivo is a crucial tool for development and optimization of cell-based therapy. Techniques for tracking immune cells have been applied widely for understanding the intrinsic behavior of immune cells and include non-radiation-based techniques such as optical imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiation-based techniques such as computerized tomography (CT), and nuclear imaging including single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). Each modality has its own strengths and limitations. To overcome the limitations of each modality, multimodal imaging techniques involving two or more imaging modalities are actively applied. Multimodal techniques allow integration of the strengths of individual modalities. In this review, we discuss the strengths and limitations of currently available preclinical in vivo immune cell tracking techniques and summarize the value of immune cell tracking in the development and optimization of immune cell therapy for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Senthilkumar Kalimuthu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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15
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Hu Q, Wei J, Fang C, Li YP, Wang JY. Synthesis of PAMAM-g-PEG-g-DS-g-RB@IO towards dual-modal imaging in atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1201748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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