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Kamens HM, Cramer S, Hanley RN, Chase S, Wickenheisser A, Horton WJ, Zhang N. Neuroimaging of opioid exposure: a review of preclinical animal models to inform addiction research. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2459-2482. [PMID: 37857897 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use results in thousands of overdose deaths each year. To address this crisis, we need a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that drive opioid abuse. The noninvasive imaging tools positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) can be used to identify how brain activity responds to acute opioid exposure and adapts to chronic drug treatment. These techniques can be performed in humans and animal models, and brain networks identified in animals closely map to the human brain. Animal models have the advantage of being able to systematically examine the independent effects of opioid exposure in a controlled environment accounting for the complex factors that drive opioid misuse in humans. This review synthesizes literature that utilized noninvasive neuroimaging tools (PET, fMRI, and MEMRI) measuring brain activity correlates in animals to understand the neurobiological consequences of exposure to abused opioids. A PubMed search in September 2023 identified 25 publications. These manuscripts were divided into 4 categories based on the route and duration of drug exposure (acute/chronic, active/passive administration). Within each category, the results were generally consistent across drug and imaging protocols. These papers cover a 20-year range and highlight the advancements in neuroimaging methodology during that time. These advances have enabled researchers to achieve greater resolution of brain regions altered by opioid exposure and to identify patterns of brain activation across regions (i.e., functional connectivity) and within subregions of structures. After describing the existing literature, we suggest areas where additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Kamens
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Samuel Cramer
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Rachel N Hanley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Spencer Chase
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Anna Wickenheisser
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - William J Horton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nanyin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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Lamanna-Rama N, MacDowell KS, López G, Leza JC, Desco M, Ambrosio E, Soto-Montenegro ML. Neuroimaging revealed long-lasting glucose metabolism changes to morphine withdrawal in rats pretreated with the cannabinoid agonist CP-55,940 during periadolescence. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 69:60-76. [PMID: 36780817 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the long-term effects of a six and 14-week morphine withdrawal in rats pretreated with a cannabinoid agonist (CP-55,940, CP) during periadolescence. Wistar rats (33 males; 32 females) were treated with CP or its vehicle (VH) from postnatal day (PND) 28-38. At PND100, rats performed morphine self-administration (MSA, 15d/12 h/session). Eight groups were defined according to pretreatment (CP), treatment (morphine), and sex. Three [18F]FDG-PET brain images were acquired: after MSA, and after six and 14 weeks of withdrawal. PET data were analyzed with SPM12. Endocannabinoid (EC) markers were evaluated in frozen brain tissue at endpoint. Females showed a higher mean number of self-injections than males. A main Sex effect on global brain metabolism was found. FDG uptake in males was discrete, whereas females showed greater brain metabolism changes mainly in areas of the limbic system after morphine treatment. Moreover, the morphine-induced metabolic pattern in females was exacerbated when CP was previously present. In addition, the CP-Saline male group showed reduced CB1R, MAGL expression, and NAPE/FAAH ratio compared to the control group, and morphine was able to reverse CB1R and MAGL expression almost to control levels. In conclusion, females showed greater and longer-lasting metabolic changes after morphine withdrawal than males, indicating a higher vulnerability and a different sensitivity to morphine in subjects pre-exposed to CP. In contrast, males primarily showed changes in EC markers. Together, our results suggest that CP pre-exposure contributes to the modulation of brain metabolism and EC systems in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lamanna-Rama
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain
| | - K S MacDowell
- CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología & Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Imas12, IUIN, Spain
| | - G López
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
| | - J C Leza
- CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología & Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Imas12, IUIN, Spain
| | - M Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - E Ambrosio
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M L Soto-Montenegro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Fisiopatología y Farmacología del Sistema Digestivo de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (NEUGUT), Madrid, España.
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Soto-Montenegro ML, García-Vázquez V, Lamanna-Rama N, López-Montoya G, Desco M, Ambrosio E. Neuroimaging reveals distinct brain glucose metabolism patterns associated with morphine consumption in Lewis and Fischer 344 rat strains. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4643. [PMID: 35301397 PMCID: PMC8931060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulnerability to addiction may be given by the individual's risk of developing an addiction during their lifetime. A challenge in the neurobiology of drug addiction is understanding why some people become addicted to drugs. Here, we used positron emission tomography (PET) and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) to evaluate changes in brain glucose metabolism in response to chronic morphine self-administration (MSA) in two rat strains with different vulnerability to drug abuse, Lewis (LEW) and Fischer 344 (F344). Four groups of animals were trained to self-administer morphine or saline for 15 days. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-d-glucose (FDG)-PET studies were performed on the last day of MSA (acquisition phase) and after 15 days of withdrawal. PET data were analyzed using SPM12. LEW-animals self-administered more morphine injections per session than F344-animals. We found significant brain metabolic differences between LEW and F344 strains in the cortex, hypothalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum. In addition, the different brain metabolic patterns observed after the MSA study between these rat strains indicate differences in the efficiency of neural substrates to translate the drug effects, which could explain the differences in predisposition to morphine abuse between one individual and another. These findings have important implications for the use of these rat strains in translational morphine and opiate research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Luisa Soto-Montenegro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Imagen, Medicina Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Nicolás Lamanna-Rama
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioingeniería E Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo López-Montoya
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Educación Nacional a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Bioingeniería E Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CNIC, Madrid, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Imagen, Medicina Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ambrosio
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Educación Nacional a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Imagen, Medicina Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
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D'Elia A, Schiavi S, Soluri A, Massari R, Soluri A, Trezza V. Role of Nuclear Imaging to Understand the Neural Substrates of Brain Disorders in Laboratory Animals: Current Status and Future Prospects. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:596509. [PMID: 33362486 PMCID: PMC7759612 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.596509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging, which allows the real-time visualization, characterization and measurement of biological processes, is becoming increasingly used in neuroscience research. Scintigraphy techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) provide qualitative and quantitative measurement of brain activity in both physiological and pathological states. Laboratory animals, and rodents in particular, are essential in neuroscience research, providing plenty of models of brain disorders. The development of innovative high-resolution small animal imaging systems together with their radiotracers pave the way to the study of brain functioning and neurotransmitter release during behavioral tasks in rodents. The assessment of local changes in the release of neurotransmitters associated with the performance of a given behavioral task is a turning point for the development of new potential drugs for psychiatric and neurological disorders. This review addresses the role of SPECT and PET small animal imaging systems for a better understanding of brain functioning in health and disease states. Brain imaging in rodent models faces a series of challenges since it acts within the boundaries of current imaging in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution. Several topics are discussed, including technical considerations regarding the strengths and weaknesses of both technologies. Moreover, the application of some of the radioligands developed for small animal nuclear imaging studies is discussed. Then, we examine the changes in metabolic and neurotransmitter activity in various brain areas during task-induced neural activation with special regard to the imaging of opioid, dopaminergic and cannabinoid receptors. Finally, we discuss the current status providing future perspectives on the most innovative imaging techniques in small laboratory animals. The challenges and solutions discussed here might be useful to better understand brain functioning allowing the translation of preclinical results into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata D'Elia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Science, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Schiavi
- Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Science, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soluri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Massari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Soluri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Science, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
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Abstract
This paper is the forty-first consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2018 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (2), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (3) and humans (4), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (5), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (6), stress and social status (7), learning and memory (8), eating and drinking (9), drug abuse and alcohol (10), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (11), mental illness and mood (12), seizures and neurologic disorders (13), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (14), general activity and locomotion (15), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (16), cardiovascular responses (17), respiration and thermoregulation (18), and immunological responses (19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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Sampedro-Piquero P, Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda D, Pavón FJ, Serrano A, Suárez J, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Castilla-Ortega E. Neuroplastic and cognitive impairment in substance use disorders: a therapeutic potential of cognitive stimulation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:23-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Deveci E, Kılıç A, Yılmaz O, Nabi A, Ergün AS, Bozkurt A, Kurtulmuş A, Öztürk A, Eşrefoğlu M, Aydın MŞ, Şahan E, Kırpınar İ. The effects of focused ultrasound pulsation of nucleus accumbens in opioid-dependent rats. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1631942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Deveci
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alperen Kılıç
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Yılmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aynur Nabi
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Arif Sanlı Ergün
- Faculty of Engineering, TOBB University of Economics & Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Bozkurt
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabancı University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Kurtulmuş
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Öztürk
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Eşrefoğlu
- Department of Histology, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şerif Aydın
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Şahan
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmet Kırpınar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Foundation University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
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