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Herrmann J, Gummi MR, Xia M, van der Giet M, Tölle M, Schuchardt M. Vascular Calcification in Rodent Models-Keeping Track with an Extented Method Assortment. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060459. [PMID: 34067504 PMCID: PMC8224561 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Arterial vessel diseases are the leading cause of death in the elderly and their accelerated pathogenesis is responsible for premature death in patients with chronic renal failure. Since no functioning therapy concepts exist so far, the identification of the main signaling pathways is of current research interest. To develop therapeutic concepts, different experimental rodent models are needed, which should be subject to the 3R principle of Russel and Burch: “Replace, Reduce and Refine”. This review aims to summarize the current available experimental rodent models for studying vascular calcification and their quantification methods. Abstract Vascular calcification is a multifaceted disease and a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The calcification deposits in the vessel wall can vary in size and localization. Various pathophysiological pathways may be involved in disease progression. With respect to the calcification diversity, a great number of research models and detection methods have been established in basic research, relying mostly on rodent models. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the currently available rodent models and quantification methods for vascular calcification, emphasizing animal burden and assessing prospects to use available methods in a way to address the 3R principles of Russel and Burch: “Replace, Reduce and Refine”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Herrmann
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manasa Reddy Gummi
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Mengdi Xia
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Markus van der Giet
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Markus Tölle
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Mirjam Schuchardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (M.R.G.); (M.X.); (M.v.d.G.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-514-690
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Gaudin É, Thibaudeau C, Arpin L, Leroux JD, Toussaint M, Beaudoin JF, Cadorette J, Paillé M, Pepin CM, Koua K, Bouchard J, Viscogliosi N, Paulin C, Fontaine R, Lecomte R. Performance evaluation of the mouse version of the LabPET II PET scanner. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:065019. [PMID: 33412542 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The LabPET II is a new positron emission tomography technology platform designed to achieve submillimetric spatial resolution imaging using fully pixelated avalanche photodiodes-based detectors and highly integrated parallel front-end processing electronics. The detector was designed as a generic building block to develop devices for preclinical imaging of small to mid-sized animals and for clinical imaging of the human brain. The aim of this work is to assess the physical characteristics and imaging performance of the mouse version of LabPET II scanner following the NEMA NU4-2008 standard and using high resolution phantoms and in vivo imaging applications. A reconstructed spatial resolution of 0.78 mm (0.5 μ l) is measured close to the center of the radial field of view. With an energy window of 350 650 keV, the system absolute sensitivity is 1.2% and its maximum noise equivalent count rate reaches 61.1 kcps at 117 MBq. Submillimetric spatial resolution is achieved in a hot spot phantom and tiny bone structures were resolved with unprecedented contrast in the mouse. These results provide convincing evidence of the capabilities of the LabPET II technology for biomolecular imaging in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Gaudin
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Strecker SE, Unterman S, Charles LF, Pivovarchick D, Maye PF, Edelman ER, Artzi N. Osterix-mCherry Expression Allows for Early Bone Detection in a Calvarial Defect Model. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2019; 3:e1900184. [PMID: 32648681 PMCID: PMC7393777 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The process of new bone formation following trauma requires the temporal recruitment of cells to the site, including mesenchymal stem cells, preosteoblasts, and osteoblasts, the latter of which deposit minerals. Hence, bone repair, a process that is assessed by the extent of mineralization within the defect, can take months before it is possible to determine if a treatment is successful. Here, a fluorescently tagged Osterix, an early key gene in the bone formation cascade, is used as a predictive measure of bone formation. Using a calvarial defect model in mice, the ability to noninvasively track the Osterix transcription factor in an Osterix-mCherry mouse model is evaluated as a measure for bone formation following treatment with recombinant human Bone-Morphogenetic-Protein 2 (rhBMP-2). Two distinct delivery materials are utilized, an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel and a collagen sponge, that afford distinct release kinetics and it is found that cherry-fluorescent protein can be detected as early as 2 weeks following treatment. Osterix intensity correlates with subsequent bone formation and hence can serve as a rapid screening tool for osteogenic drugs or for the evaluation and optimization of delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Strecker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, 45 Carleton Street, E25-438, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Shimon Unterman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, 45 Carleton Street, E25-438, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lyndon F Charles
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, 45 Carleton Street, E25-438, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Dmitry Pivovarchick
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Peter F Maye
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Elazer R Edelman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, 45 Carleton Street, E25-438, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Ort Braude College, 51 Swallow Street, Karmiel, 2161002, Haifa, Israel
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, 45 Carleton Street, E25-438, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Rucher G, Cameliere L, Fendri J, Anfray A, Abbas A, Kamel S, Dupas Q, Delcroix N, Berger L, Manrique A. Molecular imaging of endothelial activation and mineralization in a mouse model of accelerated atherosclerosis. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:80. [PMID: 31440854 PMCID: PMC6706501 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Preclinical imaging of endothelial activation and mineralization using both positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) remains scarce. Procedures A group of uremic ApoE−/− (Ur), non-uremic ApoE−/− (NUr), and control C57Bl/6 J mice (Ctl) were investigated. Mineralization process was assessed using sodium fluoride ([18F]NaF) PET, and MR imaging combined with intravenous injection of MPIO-αVCAM-1 was used to evaluate endothelial activation. Micro- and macrocalcifications were evaluated by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and von Kossa staining, respectively. Results Ur mice showed an active and sustained mineralization process compared to Ctl mice (p = 0.002) using [18F]NaF PET imaging. Calcium plasma level was increased in Ur (2.54 ± 0.09 mM, n = 17) compared to NUr and Ctl mice (2.24 ± 0.01, n = 22, and 2.14 ± 0.02, n = 27, respectively; p < 0.0001). Likewise, vascular calcium content was increased in Ur (0.51 ± 0.06 μg Ca2+ per milligram of dry weight aorta, n = 11) compared to NUr (0.27 ± 0.05, n = 9, p = 0.013) and Ctl (0.28 ± 0.05, n = 11, p = 0.014). Ur mice also had a higher inflammatory state using MPIO-αVCAM-1 MR (p global = 0.01, post hoc analysis Ur vs. Ctl p = 0.003) associated with increased VCAM-1 expression (p global = 0.02). Aortic remodeling at the level of the brachiocephalic trunk, brachiocephalic trunk itself, and aortic arch in Ur mice was also demonstrated using MR. Conclusions Preclinical molecular imaging allowed in vivo characterization of the early phase of atherosclerosis. [18F]NaF PET showed early and sustained vascular mineralization in uremic ApoE−/− mice. MPIO-αVCAM-1 MR imaging demonstrated aortic endothelial activation, predominantly in segments with vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Rucher
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Lucie Cameliere
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France.,Chirurgie Vasculaire, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Jihene Fendri
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France.,Chirurgie Vasculaire, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Anfray
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Ahmed Abbas
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Saïd Kamel
- EA7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Biochemistry Laboratory, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Quentin Dupas
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Delcroix
- CNRS, UMS-3048, GIP Cyceron, Campus Jules Horowitz, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Ludovic Berger
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France.,Chirurgie Vasculaire, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Alain Manrique
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4650, GIP Cyceron, 14000, Caen, France. .,Médecine Nucléaire, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14000, Caen, France. .,GIP Cyceron, Campus Jules Horowitz, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 5229, 14074, Caen, BP, France.
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