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Rhythmic ability decline in aging individuals: The role of movement task complexity. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2022-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: To investigate age-related changes in rhythmic reproduction ability in relation to the complexity of the adopted movement task.
Material and methods: A Stereophotogrammetric system was used to quantify individual rhythmic performances through motion analysis. Seventeen younger adult (age: 34.8 ± 4.2 yrs) and sixteen older adult (age: 69.9 ± 3.8 yrs) sedentary individuals volunteered for this study. Participants were administered a rhythmic test, which included three different rhythmic patterns to be reproduced by means of finger-tapping, foot-tapping and walking. Number of correct reproductions, time delays and rhythmic ratios were assessed and submitted to analysis of variance.
Results: For all rhythmic parameters, age-related differences emerged about rhythmic patterns and motor tasks. Older adults showed reduced accuracy as compared to their younger counterparts with a marked tendency to speed up beats reproduction (p < 0.05). Increased movement complexity negatively influenced rhythmic ability, with worst performances in the walking task (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Complexity of the motor reproduction worsen rhythmic ability. Future research should focus on how specific rhythmic training with progressive movement task complexity could contrast this age-related decline.
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Zanto TP, Padgaonkar NT, Nourishad A, Gazzaley A. A Tablet-Based Assessment of Rhythmic Ability. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2471. [PMID: 31736843 PMCID: PMC6838143 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in use of mobile consumer electronics has presented a great potential for research to be conducted remotely, with participants numbering several orders of magnitude greater than a typical research paradigm. Here, we attempt to demonstrate the validity and reliability of using a consumer game-engine to create software presented on a mobile tablet to assess sensorimotor synchronization, a proxy of rhythmic ability. Our goal was to ascertain whether previously observed research results can be replicated, rather than assess whether a mobile tablet achieves comparable performance to a desktop computer. To achieve this, younger (aged 18–35 years) and older (aged 60–80 years) adult musicians and non-musicians were recruited to play a custom-designed sensorimotor synchronization assessment on a mobile tablet in a controlled laboratory environment. To assess reliability, participants performed the assessment twice, separated by a week, and an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. Results supported the validity of this approach to assessing rhythmic abilities by replicating previously observed results. Specifically, musicians performed better than non-musicians, and younger adults performed better than older adults. Participants also performed best when the tempo was in the range of previously-identified preferred tempos, when the stimuli included both audio and visual information, and when synchronizing on-beat compared to off-beat or continuation (self-paced) synchronization. Additionally, high ICC values (>0.75) suggested excellent test–retest reliability. Together, these results support the notion that consumer electronics running software built with a game engine may serve as a valuable resource for remote, mobile-based data collection of rhythmic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Namita T Padgaonkar
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alex Nourishad
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Fujioka T, Ross B. Beta-band oscillations during passive listening to metronome sounds reflect improved timing representation after short-term musical training in healthy older adults. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2339-2354. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Fujioka
- Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics; Department of Music; Stanford University; 660 Lomita Ct. Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Stanford Neurosciences Institute; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | - Bernhard Ross
- Rotman Research Institute; Baycrest Centre; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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Dascal JB, Teixeira LA. Selective Maintenance of Motor Performance in Older Adults From Long-Lasting Sport Practice. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2016; 87:262-270. [PMID: 27314614 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2016.1188195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Decline of motor performance in older individuals affects their quality of life. Understanding the contribution of sport-related training in advanced ages might help to attenuate motor performance decay as one gets older. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the extent to which long-lasting training in running or sport-specific skills during old age preserves motor performance in different motor tasks. METHOD Older runners and tennis players with at least 10 years of training were assessed as were age-matched and young exercisers. Performance was evaluated for 6 motor tasks requiring different functions of sensorimotor control expected to decline with aging. RESULTS Analysis revealed that runners had increased aerobic fitness in comparison with the other older participants and that they presented similar performance to older exercisers in the motor tasks. Tennis players outperformed the other groups of older participants on coincident timing and simple reaction time and achieved similar performance to the young group on the timing task. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest selective maintenance of task-specific processing through extensive practice of tennis-related motor skills in older adults.
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Turgeon M, Lustig C, Meck WH. Cognitive Aging and Time Perception: Roles of Bayesian Optimization and Degeneracy. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:102. [PMID: 27242513 PMCID: PMC4870863 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review outlines the basic psychological and neurobiological processes associated with age-related distortions in timing and time perception in the hundredths of milliseconds-to-minutes range. The difficulty in separating indirect effects of impairments in attention and memory from direct effects on timing mechanisms is addressed. The main premise is that normal aging is commonly associated with increased noise and temporal uncertainty as a result of impairments in attention and memory as well as the possible reduction in the accuracy and precision of a central timing mechanism supported by dopamine-glutamate interactions in cortico-striatal circuits. Pertinent to these findings, potential interventions that may reduce the likelihood of observing age-related declines in timing are discussed. Bayesian optimization models are able to account for the adaptive changes observed in time perception by assuming that older adults are more likely to base their temporal judgments on statistical inferences derived from multiple trials than on a single trial's clock reading, which is more susceptible to distortion. We propose that the timing functions assigned to the age-sensitive fronto-striatal network can be subserved by other neural networks typically associated with finely-tuned perceptuo-motor adjustments, through degeneracy principles (different structures serving a common function).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Turgeon
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cindy Lustig
- Department of Psychology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Warren H. Meck
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
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