Improvements in self-reported and parent-proxy perceptions of adolescents’ health-related quality of life following a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program

Sports and Functional Training Improve a Subset of Obesity-Related Health Parameters in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To investigate the effects of two different modes of physical activity on body composition, physical fitness, cardiometabolic risk, and psychological responses in female adolescents participating in a multi-disciplinary program. The 12-week randomized intervention included 25-adolescents with overweight divided into two groups: sports practice-SPG and functional training-FTG. The SPG intervention was divided into three sports: basketball, handball, and futsal. SPG participants performed one sport 3-times/week, over the course of 1 month. The FTG performed concurrent exercises 3-times/week. This study was registered in Clinical Trials Registry Platform under number: RBR-45ywtg and registered in Local Ethics Committee number: 2,505.200/2018. The intensity of physical exercises-PE was matched between groups by the rating of perceived exertion. The primary outcome was body composition, and secondary outcomes were physical fitness, cardiometabolic risk, and psychological responses. There was a significant time-effect for body mass, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), all being reduced. There were increases over time for musculoskeletal mass, aerobic fitness, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) (p < 0.05). There was a group time interaction with body fat percentage being lower post-intervention in the SPG (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for the other variables. Both physical activity models were effective in improving a subset of obesity-related health parameters. The findings should be extended by further investigation using more sophisticated measures of energy expenditure. Clinical Trial Registration: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/, identifier: RBR-45ywtg.

Effects of 2 Types of Resistance Training Models on Obese Adolescents' Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Physical Fitness

Magnani Branco, BH, Carvalho, IZ, Garcia de Oliveira, H, Fanhani, AP, Machado dos Santos, MC, Pestillo de Oliveira, L, Macente, SB, and Nelson, NJ. Effects of 2 types of resistance training models on obese adolescents' body composition, cardiometabolic risk, and physical fitness. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2672-2682, 2020-The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 types of resistance training (RT) models in conjunction with interdisciplinary interventions by other health professionals to reduce the body fat and cardiometabolic risk of obese adolescents while improving their general health-related physical fitness. The 12-week analyses involved 18 male adolescents who were split into 2 groups (weight lifting: n = 9 and functional: n = 9), with equalization according to the primary muscle group (whenever possible), the effort:pause ratio, and intensity. The results showed reductions in fat mass and body fat, as well as in waist and hip circumferences (p < 0.05) after the intervention period. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of the body mass, body mass index, neck circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and for lean mass (p > 0.05) after the respective period. Maximal isometric strength, abdominal strength resistance, flexibility, and maximal oxygen consumption all produced significant increases after the interventions (p < 0.05). There were reductions in low-density lipoproteins and triglyceride levels after the intervention period (p < 0.05). For fasting glycemia, high-density lipoproteins, and alanine aminotransferase, no differences were observed (p > 0.05). In addition, no differences were observed in rating of perceived recovery, internal training load, or caloric intake (p > 0.05). With the results presented, it is concluded that both RT methods were effective at reducing both fat mass and body fat, thus improving health-related physical fitness components and decreasing cardiometabolic risk.

The impacts of multiple obesity-related interventions on quality of life in children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Obesity has become a serious public health problem and family- and school-based interventions including physical exercise and diet control have been widely applied to attempt to combat this issue. The purpose of our study was to verify the effectiveness of an obesity-related comprehensive intervention model aimed at improving quality of life (QoL) among adolescents.

METHODS

A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted involving 948 subjects who were divided into an intervention group (n = 518) and a control group (n = 430). The intervention group received 1 year of obesity-related health education, physical exercise, and diet control. Their baseline body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and their QoL and basic information were assessed both before and after the intervention period using a self-designed Adolescent Quality of Life Scale and a basic information questionnaire.

RESULTS

After the intervention, significant differences in the psychological, social, and pubertal dimensions, and in total QoL (P < 0.05) were observed in the intervention group relative to the control group. Improved psychological QoL in the intervention group was our most robust study finding, with increases in psychological (B = 1.883, SE = 0.646, P = 0.004), pubertal (B = 0.853, SE = 0.296, P = 0.004) and total (B = 3.024, SE = 1.214, P = 0.013) QoL all being higher in this group. This intervention effect was found to be more substantial in boys than in girls.

CONCLUSIONS

Family-individual-school-based interventions combining obesity-related health education, physical exercise, and diet control can improve psychological, pubertal, and total QoL in children, with these effects being most pronounced in boys.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

retrospectively registered NCT02343588 .

Multidisciplinary obesity treatment program improved health-related quality of life and positively correlated with anthropometric and body composition but not with cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in adolescents

PURPOSE

The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of a 16-week multidisciplinary obesity treatment program (MOTP) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents with weight excess. In addition, we verified a possible association between changes on HRQoL and anthropometric, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) parameters.

METHODS

Two hundred four adolescents aged from 15 to 18 years were distributed in control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). They underwent a 16-week MOTP composed by nutritional, psychological, and health-related physical activity group sessions. Moreover, they performed physical exercise sessions three times per week during the whole 16-week program. Data on HRQoL, body composition, CRF and anthropometry were collected using standard protocols and validated questionnaires.

RESULTS

The MOTP promoted significant enhancements in all HRQoL domains, except for the school domain in IG. Furthermore, positive correlations between HRQoL and body weight (BW), body fat (BF), waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) z-score were verified. Higher scores of HRQoL might be achieved by improving these variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The 16-week MOTP was effective to improve HRQoL in adolescents with weight excess. This improvement has a positive correlation with enhancements in BW, BMI z-score, WC, and BF. Nevertheless, these findings have not reached a consensus on literature and still need to be further enlightened.