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Roy B, Kadam K, Krishnan SP, Natarajan C, Mukherjee A. Assessing combined toxic effects of tetracycline and P25 titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Allium cepa bioassay. FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 15:6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11783-020-1298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Paisio CE, Agostini E, González PS. Application of two bioassays as potential indicators of phenol phytoremediation efficiency by tobacco hairy roots. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:964-971. [PMID: 31378163 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1649471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenol is one of the contaminants most frequently found in the environment and it is considered a priority pollutant due to their toxic effects. Hairy roots (HR) constitute a good model tool for the removal of this contaminant. In this work, phenol removal using wild type (WT) and double transgenic (DT) Nicotiana tabacum HR was performed with high efficiency (60-80%, for 25-250 mg L-1 phenol solutions, respectively). After phytoremediation process, the toxicity of post removal solutions (PRS) was evaluated through two-toxicity test belonging to two trophic levels, Lactuca sativa test and Rhinella arenarum (AMPHITOX). Toxicity of PRS showed variable results since these solutions were less toxic to L. sativa seeds compared to R. arenarum embryos, which could be attributed to different sensitivities of the exposed organisms. Although PRS obtained using WT and DT HR reduced phenol phytotoxicity on L. sativa seeds, WT PRS were even less toxic than DT PRS according to this test. Regarding AMPHITOX, HR culture medium without phenol but incubated with HR and phenol PRS exerted a toxic effect on the embryos, which could be related to the presence of toxic products derived from HR metabolism. The results demonstrated that an efficient phenol removal is not always accompanied by a considerable reduction of the solution toxicity and therefore, the use of organisms from different trophic levels to evaluate the toxicity after the removal process gains importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Paisio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Paola S González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
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Phenrat T, Teeratitayangkul P, Prasertsung I, Parichatprecha R, Jitsangiam P, Chomchalow N, Wichai S. Vetiver plantlets in aerated system degrade phenol in illegally dumped industrial wastewater by phytochemical and rhizomicrobial degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:13235-13246. [PMID: 27662861 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the feasibility of using vetiver plantlets (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) on a floating platform with aeration to degrade phenol (500 mg/L) in illegally dumped industrial wastewater (IDIWW). The IDIWW sample was from the most infamous illegal dumping site at Nong Nae subdistrict, Phanom Sarakham district, Chachoengsao province, Thailand. Laboratory results suggested that phenol degradation by vetiver involves two phases: Phase I, phytopolymerization and phyto-oxidation assisted by root-produced peroxide (H2O2) and peroxidase (POD), followed by phase II, a combination of phase I with enhanced rhizomicrobial degradation. The first 360-400 h of phenol degradation were dominated by phytopolymerization and phyto-oxidation yielding particulate polyphenols (PPP) or particulate organic matter (POM) as by-products, while phenol decreased to around 145 mg/L. In Phase II, synergistically, rhizomicrobial growth was ∼100-folds greater on the roots of the vetiver plantlets than in the IDIWW and participated in the microbial degradation of phenol at this lower phenol concentration, increasing the phenol degradation rate by more than three folds. This combination of phytochemical and rhizomicrobiological processes eliminated phenol in IDIWW in less than 766 h (32 days), while without the vetiver plantlets, phenol degradation by aerated microbial degradation alone may require 235 days. To our knowledge, this is the first that systematically reveals the complete phenol degradation mechanism by vetiver plantlets in real aerated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanapon Phenrat
- Research Unit for Integrated Natural Resources Remediation and Reclamation (IN3R), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHEI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Pimpawat Teeratitayangkul
- Research Unit for Integrated Natural Resources Remediation and Reclamation (IN3R), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHEI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Isarawut Prasertsung
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Rattapoohm Parichatprecha
- Excellent Center for Road and Railway Innovation (NURRI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Siriwan Wichai
- Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHEI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
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Ibañez S, Talano M, Ontañon O, Suman J, Medina MI, Macek T, Agostini E. Transgenic plants and hairy roots: exploiting the potential of plant species to remediate contaminants. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:625-635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Sumitha KV, Thoppil JE. Genotoxicity assessment of two common curing weeds: Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poir. and Leucas indica (L.) R. Br. Cytotechnology 2015; 68:1513-27. [PMID: 26286182 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyptis suaveolens and Leucas indica, two common weeds were selected for the present study, to reveal their probable cytotoxic potential. The meristematic root tips of Allium cepa were used for testing the cytotoxic property of the aqueous leaf extracts containing both polar and non-polar compounds, and that containing polar compounds alone, at different concentrations (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 %) and at different time durations, using distilled water as negative control. Mitotic squash preparations were made using a standard protocol. The mitotic index of the treated root tip cells was found to be decreasing and the abnormality percentage was found to be increasing with increase in extract concentration when compared with the control. Maximum cytotoxicity was observed in the extract containing both polar and non-polar compounds. Both the tested plants were found to be cytotoxic. The abnormalities noticed were of both clastogenic (nuclear lesions, nuclear fragmentation, etc.) and non-clastogenic (aberrant cell wall formation at cytokinesis, ball metaphase, etc.) types. Both plant extracts were found to significantly (P < 0.05) inhibit root growth of Allium cepa with an EC50 value of 1.92 % (R(2) = 0.594) for Hyptis and 1.58 % (R(2) = 0.757) for Leucas. The results were also analysed statistically by using analysis of variance followed by appropriate post hoc tests. These two weeds are aromatic plants comprising of essential oils that are volatile, natural complex compounds characterized by a strong odour and formed as secondary metabolites. In nature, essential oils play an important role in the protection of the plants as insecticides by reducing their appetite for such plants. When specifically targeted the concept of effectively exploiting these weeds for the formulation of herbal insecticides/pesticides may be possible in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Sumitha
- Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India.
| | - J E Thoppil
- Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India
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Kurnik K, Treder K, Skorupa-Kłaput M, Tretyn A, Tyburski J. Removal of Phenol from Synthetic and Industrial Wastewater by Potato Pulp Peroxidases. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2015; 226:254. [PMID: 26190873 PMCID: PMC4499105 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-015-2517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxidases have strong potential utility for decontamination of phenol-polluted wastewater. However, large-scale use of these enzymes for phenol depollution requires a source of cheap, abundant, and easily accessible peroxidase-containing material. In this study, we show that potato pulp, a waste product of the starch industry, contains large amounts of active peroxidases. We demonstrate that potato pulp may serve as a tool for peroxidase-based remediation of phenol pollution. The phenol removal efficiency of potato pulp was over 95 % for optimized phenol concentrations. The potato pulp enzymes maintained their activity at pH 4 to 8 and were stable over a wide temperature range. Phenol solutions treated with potato pulp showed a significant reduction in toxicity compared with untreated phenol solutions. Finally we determined that this method may be employed to remove phenol from industrial effluent with over 90 % removal efficiency under optimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kurnik
- />Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Treder
- />Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Biochemistry, Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science in Bonin, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 76-009 Bonin, Poland
| | - Monika Skorupa-Kłaput
- />Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- />Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- />Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jarosław Tyburski
- />Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- />Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Abstract
AbstractHairy root cultures of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were obtained by inoculation of cotyledonary leaves of in vitro lettuce seedlings (cvs. Nansen and Ljubljanska ledenka) with Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4M70GUS. Approximately in 96.7% cvs. Nansen and in 91.2% Ljubljanska ledenka inoculated explants produced hairy root when they were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) half-strength medium without plant growth regulators. A total of 54% of all hairy root cultures expressed GUS activity. Every hairy root represented an independent transformation event. Line Ljubljanska ledenka 18 showed the highest biomass (5.5 times the biomass of control root). A PCR analysis of the genomic DNA confirmed the presence of marker and target genes in 15 hairy roots examined.
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Agostini E, Talano MA, González PS, Oller ALW, Medina MI. Application of hairy roots for phytoremediation: what makes them an interesting tool for this purpose? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:1017-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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