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Protopopova MV, Pavlichenko VV, Luckenbach T. Changes of cellular stress response related hsp70 and abcb1 transcript and Hsp70 protein levels in Siberian freshwater amphipods upon exposure to cadmium chloride in the lethal concentration range. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8635. [PMID: 32195047 PMCID: PMC7067181 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of cellular stress response systems, heat shock protein hsp70/Hsp70 and multixenobiotic transporter abcb1, by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was explored in amphipod species with different stress adaptation strategies from the Lake Baikal area. Based on the lethal concentrations (LC) of CdCl2, the sensitivities of the different species to CdCl2 were ranked (24 hr LC50 in mg/L CdCl2 (mean/95% confidence interval)): Gammarus lacustris (1.7/1.3–2.4) < Eulimnogammarus cyaneus (2.9/2.1–4.0) < Eulimnogammarus verrucosus (5.7/3.8–8.7) < Eulimnogammarus vittatus (18.1/12.4–26.6). Conjugated dienes, indicating lipid peroxidation, were significantly increased after 24 hr exposures to 5 mg/L CdCl2 only in the more CdCl2-sensitive species G. lacustris and E. cyaneus. Upon treatment with 0.54 to 5.8 mg/L CdCl2 for 1, 6 and 24 hrs, hsp70 transcript levels were generally more increased after the longer exposure times and in the more CdCl2-sensitive species. Relating the CdCl2 exposure concentrations to LCx values revealed that across the species the increases of hsp70 transcript levels were comparatively low (up to 2.6-fold) at CdCl2 concentrations ≤LC50. Relative hsp70 transcript levels were maximally increased in E. cyaneus by 5 mg/L CdCl2 (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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}{}$\hat {=}$\end{document}= ˆLC70) at 24 hrs (9.1-fold increase above the respective control). When G. lacustris was exposed to 5 mg/L CdCl2 (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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}{}$\hat {=}$\end{document}= ˆLC90) for 24 hrs, the increase in hsp70 was in comparison to E. cyaneus considerably less pronounced (3.0-fold increase in hsp70 levels relative to control). Upon exposure of amphipods to 5 mg/L CdCl2, increases in Hsp70 protein levels compared to untreated controls were highest in E. cyaneus at 1 and 6 hrs (5 mg/L CdCl2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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}{}$\hat {=}$\end{document}= ˆ LC70) and in E. verrucosus at 24 hrs (5 mg/L CdCl2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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}{}$\hat {=}$\end{document}= ˆ LC45). Thus, when the fold increases in Hsp70 protein levels in the different amphipod species were related to the respective species-specific LCx values a similar bell-shaped trend as for hsp70 transcript levels was seen across the species. Transcript levels of abcb1 in CdCl2exposed individuals of the different amphipod species varied up to 4.7-fold in relation to the respective controls. In contrast to hsp70/Hsp70, abcb1 transcripts in CdCl2 exposed individuals of the different amphipod species did not indicate similar levels of induction of abcb1 at equal LCx levels across the species. Induction of hsp70 and abcb1 genes and Hsp70 proteins by CdCl2 in the lethal concentration range shows that these cellular responses are rather insensitive to CdCl2 stress in the examined amphipod species. Furthermore, the increase of expression of these cellular defense systems at such high stress levels suggests that induction of these genes is not related to the maintenance of normal metabolism but to mitigation of the effects of severe toxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Protopopova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia.,Faculty of Biology and Soil Sciences, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Vasiliy V Pavlichenko
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia.,Faculty of Biology and Soil Sciences, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Till Luckenbach
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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Shatilina Z, Drozdova P, Bedulina D, Rivarola-Duarte L, Schreiber S, Otto C, Jühling F, Aulhorn S, Busch W, Lubyaga Y, Kondrateva E, Pobezhimova T, Jakob L, Lucassen M, Sartoris FJ, Hackermüller J, Pörtner HO, Stadler PF, Luckenbach T, Timofeyev M. Transcriptome-level effects of the model organic pollutant phenanthrene and its solvent acetone in three amphipod species. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 33:100630. [PMID: 31710888 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are common pollutants of water ecosystems originating from incineration processes and contamination with mineral oil. Water solubility of PAHs is generally low; for toxicity tests with aquatic organisms, they are therefore usually dissolved in organic solvents. Here we examined the effects of a typical model PAH, phenanthrene, and a solvent, acetone, on amphipods as relevant aquatic invertebrate models. Two of these species, Eulimnogammarus verrucosus and Eulimnogammarus cyaneus, are common endemics of the oligotrophic and pristine Lake Baikal, while one, Gammarus lacustris, is widespread throughout the Holarctic and inhabits smaller and more eutrophic water bodies in the Baikal area. Neither solvent nor phenanthrene caused mortality at the applied concentrations, but both substances affected gene expression in all species. Differential gene expression was more profound in the species from Lake Baikal than in the Holarctic species. Moreover, in one of the Baikal species, E. cyaneus, we found that many known components of the cellular xenobiotic detoxification system reacted to the treatments. Finally, we detected a negative relationship between changes in transcript abundances in response to the solvent and phenanthrene. This mixture effect, weaker than the impact by a single mixture component, needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Shatilina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Baikal Research Centre, Lenin str. 21, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Polina Drozdova
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daria Bedulina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Baikal Research Centre, Lenin str. 21, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lorena Rivarola-Duarte
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreiber
- Young Investigator Group Bioinformatics & Transcriptomics, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Otto
- ecSeq Bioinformatics GmbH, Sternwartenstraße 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank Jühling
- Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, 3 Rue Koeberlé, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Silke Aulhorn
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yulia Lubyaga
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Baikal Research Centre, Lenin str. 21, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Kondrateva
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, RAS, Lermontov str. 132, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Tamara Pobezhimova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, RAS, Lermontov str. 132, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lena Jakob
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Magnus Lucassen
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Franz J Sartoris
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jörg Hackermüller
- Young Investigator Group Bioinformatics & Transcriptomics, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Otto Pörtner
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; Competence Center for Scalable Data Services and Solutions Dresden/Leipzig, Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Universität Leipzig, Augustusplatz 12, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstraße 22, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad National de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Ciudad Universitaria, COL-111321 Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd., NM87501 Santa Fe, USA; Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Till Luckenbach
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maxim Timofeyev
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Lenin str. 3, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia; Baikal Research Centre, Lenin str. 21, RUS-664003 Irkutsk, Russia.
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Yi Z, Berney C, Hartikainen H, Mahamdallie S, Gardner M, Boenigk J, Cavalier-Smith T, Bass D. High-throughput sequencing of microbial eukaryotes in Lake Baikal reveals ecologically differentiated communities and novel evolutionary radiations. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2017; 93:3857737. [PMID: 28575320 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed high-throughput 18S rDNA V9 region sequencing analyses of microeukaryote (protist) communities at seven sites with depths ranging from 0 to 1450 m in the southern part of Lake Baikal. We show that microeukaryotic diversity differed according to water column depth and sediment depth. Chrysophytes and perkinsids were diverse in subsurface samples, novel radiations of petalomonads and Ichthyobodo relatives were found in benthic samples, and a broad range of divergent OTUs were detected in deep subbenthic samples. Members of clades usually associated with marine habitats were also detected, including syndineans for the first time in freshwater systems. Fungal- and cercozoan-specific c. 1200 bp amplicon clone libraries also revealed many novel lineages in both planktonic and sediment samples at all depths, a novel radiation of aphelids in shallower benthic samples, and partitioning of sarcomonad lineages in shallow vs deep benthic samples. Putative parasitic lineages accounted for 12.4% of overall reads, including a novel radiation of Ichthyobodo (fish parasite) relatives. Micrometazoans were also analysed, including crustaceans, rotifers and nematodes. The deepest (>1000 m) subsurface sediment samples harboured some highly divergent sequence types, including heterotrophic flagellates, parasites, putative metazoans and sequences likely representing organisms originating from higher up in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Cedric Berney
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Hanna Hartikainen
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Shazia Mahamdallie
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Michelle Gardner
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Jens Boenigk
- Biodiversity department and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | | | - David Bass
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.,Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, the Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK
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