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Chaudhary DK, Kim H, Reible D, Lee M, Kim S, Kim LH, Kim S, Hong Y. Seasonal trends of mercury bioaccumulation and assessment of toxic effects in Asian clams and microbial community from field study of estuarine sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113439. [PMID: 35537496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated seasonal trends in bioaccumulation potential and toxic effects of mercury (Hg) in Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) and microbial community. For this, a clam-exposure experiment was performed during summer, fall, and winter seasons in four different sites (HS1: control/clean site; HS2, HS3, and HS4: contaminated sites) of Hyeongsan River estuary, South Korea. Total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in whole sediments were highest at HS4 site during fall, sustained similar levels during winter, but decreased during summer. Unlike whole sediment, pore water reported higher levels in summer, and gradually declined during fall and winter. Asian clams from HS4 site collected during summer presented highest bioaccumulations of THg (521.52 μg/kg, dry weight) and MeHg (161.04 μg/kg, dry weight), which also correlated with the higher levels of Hg present in pore water in the same season. Moreover, biota-sediment-pore water accumulation factor (BSpAF) were comparatively greater in clams collected from HS2∼HS4 compared to HS1 sites, suggesting that porewater was a better indicator of accumulation of Hg. Upregulation of biomarker genes responsible for detoxifying process (gsts1), scavenging oxidative stress (cat), and protein reparation (hsp70 and hsp90) were observed in clams collected from HS2∼HS4. The overexpression of these biomarkers implied that Asian clams can be considered as promising warning tools for Hg-contamination. Both bacterial and metabolic diversities were negatively affected by higher levels of THg and MeHg. Phylum Proteobacteria was enriched in HS2∼HS4 compared to HS1. In contrast, phylum Bacteroidetes showed a reverse trend. The metabolic profile was highest in HS1 and lowest in HS4, revealing higher stress of Hg in HS4 site. Overall, the outcomes of this field study broaden the information on seasonal trends of bioaccumulation of Hg and its toxic effects. These findings may be helpful in Hg monitoring and management programs in other river systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwansuk Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Danny Reible
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA, 79409
| | - Mikyung Lee
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Lan Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungpyo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea.
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Sıkdokur E, Belivermiş M, Sezer N, Pekmez M, Bulan ÖK, Kılıç Ö. Effects of microplastics and mercury on manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum: Feeding rate, immunomodulation, histopathology and oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114247. [PMID: 32120258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution, which is one of the most important environmental problems at the present time, has been understood recently, and the effects of this pollution on ecosystem and biota are becoming a growing problem, especially in the aquatic ecosystems. Direct or indirect exposure to those particles leads to adverse effects on marine organisms. In the marine environment, plastic materials interact with other pollutants such as metals, thereby affecting the uptake levels of those pollutants in marine organisms. In the present study, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum was exposed to polyethylene microbeads and mercury chloride in single, combined and incubated form at environmentally relative concentrations for one week in controlled laboratory conditions. The uptake and tissue distribution of both stressors as well as the vector role of microplastics on mercury uptake in the organisms were investigated. Filtration rates, biomarkers for immunomodulation and oxidative stress, and histological alterations were also evaluated. Microplastics were ingested by the clams, and translocated to the various tissues. However, contaminated microplastics displayed a negligible vector role in terms of mercury bioaccumulation in the clams. The single and interactive exposure of the stressors reduced the filtration rate in the clams. Both pollutants affected the immune system of the organisms. Histological alterations were determined in the gill and digestive gland tissues of the clams among the treatment groups, although oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged. This study suggests that the vector role of polyethylene microplastics in mercury uptake is negligible and reveals that the single and interactive one-week exposure of two pollutants induce toxicity in the manila clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Sıkdokur
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narin Sezer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Pekmez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömür Karabulut Bulan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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do Amaral QDF, Da Rosa E, Wronski JG, Zuravski L, Querol MVM, Dos Anjos B, de Andrade CFF, Machado MM, de Oliveira LFS. Golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) as a bioindicator in aquatic environments contaminated with mercury: Cytotoxic and genotoxic aspects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 675:343-353. [PMID: 31030141 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel) as a bioindicator of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in aquatic environments contaminated by heavy metals. Five groups of 50 subjects each were exposed to different concentration of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) (0.001 mg/L, group I; 0.005 mg/L, group II; 0.01 mg/L, group II; 0.02 mg/L, group IV; and 0.1 mg/L, group V). The control group for both chronic and acute treatment did not receive HgCl2. For chronic exposure, the respective groups were placed in aquaria with water contaminated with the above concentrations of HgCl2. For acute exposure, the different concentrations of HgCl2 were injected into the posterior adductor muscle of the individuals belonging to the aforementioned groups. The biological matrix used in the tests was the whole body muscle. Tests (cell viability assay, alkaline comet test; enumeration of micronuclei and necrotic cells, quantification of Hg content in tissues and water, and histopathological analysis of tissues), were carried out on the 7th, 15th, and 30th treatment days or 2 h after injection. Our results demonstrated that L. fortunei showed cell damage in both chronic and acute exposure groups. Significant DNA damage was observed at both the 15th (0.1 mg/L) and 30th (0.01-0.1 mg/L) days of chronic exposure. However, in acute treatment all concentrations induced DNA breaks. The presence of necrosis increased at all concentrations tested for both acute and chronic exposure. Tissue mercury retention on the 15th day was higher than on the 30th day of exposure, while in the same period, there was a decrease in the mercury content of aquarium water. Taking the data together, it is concluded that L. fortunei as a possible bioindicator of the quality of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanoeli Da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Júlia Gabriela Wronski
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, HUVET, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Luísa Zuravski
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Dos Anjos
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, HUVET, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Mansur Machado
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
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Gajski G, Žegura B, Ladeira C, Pourrut B, Del Bo’ C, Novak M, Sramkova M, Milić M, Gutzkow KB, Costa S, Dusinska M, Brunborg G, Collins A. The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 1 Invertebrates). MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 779:82-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zhang LJ, Li Y, Chen P, Li XM, Chen YG, Hang YY, Gong WJ. A study of genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by mercuric chloride in the marine polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:361-365. [PMID: 29126054 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine polychaete worm Perinereis aibuhitensis was used to study the genotoxic effects of mercuric chloride by means of the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test. P. aibuhitensis was subjected in vivo to two different concentrations of mercuric chloride (0.05mgL-1 and 0.5mgL-1) for 96h. The comet assay of coelomocytes demonstrated that TailDNA% values increased with extended exposure to or increased concentrations of HgCl2 (p<0.01). The frequency of MNs was the highest in the treatment with 96h of exposure at all concentrations (p<0.01). The genotoxic effect of HgCl2 was both dose- and time-dependent in exposed P. aibuhitensis. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) were also estimated. Significant variations in antioxidant enzyme activities depended on the sampling time and the concentrations of mercuric chloride. Compared with the control, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) were elevated at the lower concentration of mercuric chloride (0.05mg L-1) (p<0.05) for shorter exposure periods (24h and 72h). At the higher concentration of mercury (0.5mgL-1), the activities of GPx and SOD were inhibited; no variation was observed. These results proved that the use of the comet assay and MN test in coelomocytes of P. aibuhitensis is appropriate for determining the levels of DNA damage and that P. aibuhitensis is a species that is sensitive to mercury pollutants. This species may be considered a suitable candidate for monitoring marine heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Yao Li
- Navigation College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiao Mei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yong Gan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yu Yu Hang
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wei Jie Gong
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
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