1
|
André C, Duy SV, Sauvé S, Gagné F. Comparative toxicity of urban wastewater and rainfall overflow in caged freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1233659. [PMID: 37637140 PMCID: PMC10449329 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1233659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Municipal effluents are well-recognized as disrupting sexual differentiation and reproduction in mussels. However, the contribution to this problem made by rainfall combined with sewer overflow (increased by rain due to climate change) is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the neuroendocrine effects of municipal discharge and rainfall overflow on caged endemic mussel Elliptio complanata. To this end, mussels were experimentally caged and placed for 3 months at a municipal effluent dispersion plume site and at overflow sites. Data revealed that downstream surface water contained some pharmaceuticals (caffeine and carbamazepine) and accumulated significant levels of heterotrophic bacteria, but these effects were not observed at the overflow sites. The principal effects observed at the downstream site were increased soft tissue mass (and gonad index), inflammation, and Vtg proteins in male mussels as determined by a novel immunostaining methodology. The rainfall overflow sites had no effects on these markers, but were specifically associated with reduced Vtg proteins in females, dopamine (Dop), gonad lipids, and DNA strand breaks, with increased metallothioneins. In conclusion, the observed feminizing effects of municipal effluent were not additionally observed in mussels caged at rainfall overflow sites, although the latter exhibited a different pattern of toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. André
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S. V. Duy
- Chemistry Department, Montreal University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S. Sauvé
- Chemistry Department, Montreal University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - F. Gagné
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cravo A, Silva S, Rodrigues J, Cardoso VV, Benoliel MJ, Correia C, Coelho MR, Rosa MJ, Almeida CMM. Understanding the bioaccumulation of pharmaceutical active compounds by clams Ruditapes decussatus exposed to a UWWTP discharge. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112632. [PMID: 35074358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-four pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) were evaluated in the soft tissues of clams Ruditappes decussatus exposed along a 1.5-km dispersal gradient of the treated effluent from an urban wastewater treatment plant discharging in Ria Formosa, and compared with those in the marine waters and discharged effluents. The clams were exposed for 1 month, in June-July 2016, 2017 and 2018. PhACs were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry after the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method (clams) or solid-phase extraction (water samples). The most representative PhACs in the effluents and receiving waters (regardless of the tidal dilution effect) were diclofenac, carbamazepine and caffeine (on average ≤ 2 μg/L) and only caffeine exhibited significant inter-annual differences, with higher values in 2017. In turn, the most bioaccumulated PhACs in clams were caffeine (0.54-27 ng/g wet weight, significantly higher in 2016) and acetaminophen (0.37-3.7 ng/g wet weight, significant lower in 2016). A multivariate principal component analysis showed (i) PhAC bioaccumulation primarily depended on biotic factors (clams length and weight), (ii) PhAC physicochemical properties Log Kow, pKa and water solubility interplaying with water abiotic variables were more relevant for explaining data variability in water than the physical dilution/tidal mixing, (iii) this process, reflected by the salinity gradient, had a tertiary role in data variation, responsible for spatial discrimination of marine waters. This study provides a better understanding of PhACs bioaccumulation by clams Ruditapes decussatus in real environmental conditions, under the influence of urban treated effluent dispersal in Ria Formosa coastal lagoon, a major producer of bivalves, ultimately disentangling key factors of PhAC bioaccumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cravo
- Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA), FCT, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Silva
- iMed.UL (Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Portugal), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- Empresa Portuguesa Das Águas Livres, S.A., Direção de Controlo de Qualidade da Água, Av. Berlim 15, 1800-031, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vítor Vale Cardoso
- Empresa Portuguesa Das Águas Livres, S.A., Direção de Controlo de Qualidade da Água, Av. Berlim 15, 1800-031, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Benoliel
- Empresa Portuguesa Das Águas Livres, S.A., Direção de Controlo de Qualidade da Água, Av. Berlim 15, 1800-031, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia Correia
- Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA), FCT, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Maria João Rosa
- National Civil Engineering Laboratory (LNEC), Urban Water Unit, Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Av. Brasil 101, 1700-066, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina M M Almeida
- iMed.UL (Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Portugal), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratory of Bromatology and Water Quality, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zaidi M, Athmouni K, Metais I, Ayadi H, Leignel V. The Mediterranean limpet Patella caerulea (Gastropoda, Mollusca) to assess marine ecotoxicological risk: a case study of Tunisian coasts contaminated by metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:28339-28358. [PMID: 34989994 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Participants in the coastal socio-economy of the Mediterranean Sea, such as industries, aquaculture, urban populations, conglomerates, and tourists, create intense anthropogenic pressures on marine ecosystems (such as the release of trace metals). This raises concerns about their impact on the surrounding environment and on marine organisms, including those collected for human consumption. This study introduces the possibility of using Patella caerulea (Linnaeus 1758), indigenous to the Mediterranean Sea, as a biosentinel of marine pollution. This study proposes coupling environmental (bioaccumulation) and toxicological (redox homeostasis) measures of bioavailability with genetic variability (COI mtDNA) assessments. Concentrations of six trace metals (cadmium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, and zinc) were measured in surface seawater and in P. caerulea individuals collected from four coastal stations on the Tunisian coast where different levels of metal contamination have occurred. The quantified biomarkers involved the determination of antioxidant defense enzymes, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the measurement of lipid peroxidation indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Our study identified critical levels of metal contamination among locations in the Gulf of Gabes. Concomitantly, the induction of antioxidant biomarkers (especially SOD and GPX) was observed, highlighting the potential of P. caerulea to acclimate to stressful pollution conditions. Molecular analysis of COI (mtDNA) revealed low discrimination between the four P. caerulea populations, highlighting the role of marine currents in the Mediterranean Sea in the dispersal and passive transportation of limpet larvae, allowing an exchange of individuals among physically separated, P. caerulea populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Zaidi
- EA2160 Laboratory MMS (Water Molecules and Health), Le Mans University, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72000, Le Mans, France.
- UR/11ES72 Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Khaled Athmouni
- UR/11ES72 Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Isabelle Metais
- EA2160 Laboratory MMS (Water Molecules and Health), The Catholic University of the West, PI, André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Habib Ayadi
- UR/11ES72 Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Vincent Leignel
- EA2160 Laboratory MMS (Water Molecules and Health), Le Mans University, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72000, Le Mans, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bertucci A, Pierron F, Gourves PY, Klopp C, Lagarde G, Pereto C, Dufour V, Gonzalez P, Coynel A, Budzinski H, Baudrimont M. Whole-transcriptome response to wastewater treatment plant and stormwater effluents in the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:96-106. [PMID: 30193169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The increase in human population and urbanization are resulting in an increase in the volume of wastewater and urban runoff effluents entering natural ecosystems. These effluents may contain multiple pollutants to which the biological response of aquatic organisms is still poorly understood mainly due to mixture toxicity and interactions with other environmental factors. In this context, RNA sequencing was used to assess the impact of a chronic exposure to wastewater treatment plant and stormwater effluents at the whole-transcriptome level and evaluate the potential physiological outcomes in the Asian clam Corbicula fluminea. We de-novo assembled a transcriptome from C. fluminea digestive gland and identified a set of 3,181 transcripts with altered abundance in response to water quality. The largest differences in transcriptomic profiles were observed between C. fluminea from the reference site and those exposed to wastewater treatment plant effluents. On both anthropogenically impacted sites, most differentially expressed transcripts were involved in signaling pathways in relation to energy metabolism such as mTOR and FoxO, suggesting an energy/nutrient deficit and hypoxic conditions. These conditions were likely responsible for damages to proteins and transcripts in response to wastewater treatment effluents whereas exposure to urban runoff might result in immune and endocrine disruptions. In absence of comprehensive chemical characterization, the RNAseq approach could provide information regarding the mode of action of pollutants and then be useful for the identification of which parameters must be studied at higher integration level in order to diagnose sites where the presence of complex and variable mixtures of chemicals is suspected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabien Pierron
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | - Christophe Klopp
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Clément Pereto
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Vincent Dufour
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scott AP. Is there any value in measuring vertebrate steroids in invertebrates? Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:77-82. [PMID: 29625121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This brief review questions the belief that just because it is possible to measure vertebrate steroids (such as estradiol-17β, testosterone and progesterone) in the tissues of invertebrates, this necessarily means that they are endogenously derived or are hormones. There is a surprisingly large number of studies, mainly on mollusks, showing that they can readily absorb vertebrate steroids from the environment. They are also able to conjugate these steroids to fatty acids with great efficiency, and subsequently retain them for very long periods (with half-lives measured in weeks rather than days). This, plus the fact that key enzymes that are required for the biosynthesis of vertebrate steroids (e.g. aromatase) do not appear to be present in invertebrates, calls into doubt the claims in many studies on invertebrates that steroid concentrations are functionally linked to reproductive cycles or that invertebrates can be used as biomarker for vertebrate-type endocrine disrupters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Scott
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth DT4 8UB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|