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Taipe Huisa AJ, Estrella Josende M, Gelesky MA, Fernandes Ramos D, López G, Bernardi F, Monserrat JM. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: antimicrobial efficacy and ecotoxicological assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12005-12018. [PMID: 38227263 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is usually based on expensive methods that use or generate chemicals that can negatively impact the environment. Our study presents a simple one-step synthesis process for obtaining AgNP using an aqueous extract of Amazonian fruit açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) as the reducing and stabilizing agents. The bio-synthesized AgNP (bio-AgNP) were comprehensively characterized by diverse techniques, and as a result, 20-nm spherical particles (transmission electron microscopy) were obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed the presence of crystalline AgNP, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) suggested that polyphenolic compounds of açaí were present on the surface. The bio-AgNP showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. In Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to 10 μg/L bio-AgNP for 96 h, there were no significant effects on growth, reproduction, or reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration; however, there was an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymatic activity. In contrast, when worms were exposed to chemically synthesized AgNP (PVP-AgNP), an increase in ROS, SOD, and GST activity and a reduction in oxidative stress resistance were observed. In conclusion, our study not only showcased the potential of açaí in the simple and rapid production of AgNP but also highlighted the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles using our protocol. Moreover, our findings revealed that these AgNPs exhibited reduced toxicity to C. elegans at environmentally realistic concentrations compared with PVP-AgNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Joel Taipe Huisa
- Physiological Sciences Post Graduation Program, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Estrella Josende
- Physiological Sciences Post Graduation Program, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Alexandre Gelesky
- Technological and Environmental Chemistry Post Graduation Program. School of Chemistry and Food (EQA), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernandes Ramos
- Medicine Faculty (FAMED), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Bernardi
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José María Monserrat
- Physiological Sciences Post Graduation Program, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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López ADF, De-la-Torre GE, Fernández Severini MD, Prieto G, Brugnoni LI, Colombo CV, Dioses-Salinas DC, Rimondino GN, Spetter CV. Chemical-analytical characterization and leaching of heavy metals associated with nanoparticles and microplastics from commercial face masks and the abundance of personal protective equipment (PPE) waste in three metropolitan cities of South America. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114997. [PMID: 37148588 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we surveyed the presence of personal protective equipment (PPE) waste on the streets of Bogotá-Colombia, Lima-Perú, and Mar del Plata-Argentina. Furthermore, this work is also focused on the release capacity of Ag, Cu, and Zn metals associated with nanoparticles, and microplastics (MPs) from textile face masks (TFMs) and disposable face masks. According to our results, an association between low-income areas and PPE waste was found, which may be related to the periodicity of waste collection and economic activity. Polymers, like polypropylene, cotton-polyester, and additives, such as CaCO3, MgO, and Ag/Cu as nanoparticles, were identified. TFMs released high levels of Cu (35,900-60,200 μg·L-1), Zn (2340-2380 μg·L-1), and MPs (4528-10,640 particles/piece). Metals associated with nanoparticles leached by face masks did not present any antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa. Our study suggests that TFMs may leach large amounts of polluting nano/micromaterials in aquatic environments with potential toxicological effects on organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Forero López
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, Bahía Blanca B8000FWB, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - G E De-la-Torre
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Av. La Fontana 501, Lima 12, Lima, Peru
| | - M D Fernández Severini
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, Bahía Blanca B8000FWB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Prieto
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; IFISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - L I Brugnoni
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - C V Colombo
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, Bahía Blanca B8000FWB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D C Dioses-Salinas
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Av. La Fontana 501, Lima 12, Lima, Peru
| | - G N Rimondino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria (X5000HUA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C V Spetter
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, Bahía Blanca B8000FWB, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Avenida Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Mast J, Van Miert E, Siciliani L, Cheyns K, Blaude MN, Wouters C, Waegeneers N, Bernsen R, Vleminckx C, Van Loco J, Verleysen E. Application of silver-based biocides in face masks intended for general use requires regulatory control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161889. [PMID: 36731552 PMCID: PMC9886386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Silver-based biocides are applied in face masks because of their antimicrobial properties. The added value of biocidal silver treatment of face masks to control SARS-CoV-2 infection needs to be balanced against possible toxicity due to inhalation exposure. Direct measurement of silver (particle) release to estimate exposure is problematic. Therefore, this study optimized methodologies to characterize silver-based biocides directly in the face masks, by measuring their total silver content using ICP-MS and ICP-OES based methods, and by visualizing the type(s) and localization of silver-based biocides using electron microscopy based methods. Thirteen of 20 selected masks intended for general use contained detectable amounts of silver ranging from 3 μg to 235 mg. Four of these masks contained silver nanoparticles, of which one mask was silver coated. Comparison of the silver content with limit values derived from existing inhalation exposure limits for both silver ions and silver nanoparticles allowed to differentiate safe face masks from face masks that require a more extensive safety assessment. These findings urge for in depth characterization of the applications of silver-based biocides and for the implementation of regulatory standards, quality control and product development based on the safe-by-design principle for nanotechnology applications in face masks in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mast
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium.
| | - Erik Van Miert
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lisa Siciliani
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium.
| | - Karlien Cheyns
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Noëlle Blaude
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wouters
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium.
| | - Nadia Waegeneers
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ruud Bernsen
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Christiane Vleminckx
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Joris Van Loco
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium; Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Eveline Verleysen
- Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium.
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Nam S, Hillyer MB, He Z, Chang S, Edwards JV. Self-induced transformation of raw cotton to a nanostructured primary cell wall for a renewable antimicrobial surface. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5404-5416. [PMID: 36540117 PMCID: PMC9724696 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00665k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, raw cotton is shown to undergo self-induced transformation into a nanostructured primary cell wall. This process generates a metal nanoparticle-mediated antimicrobial surface that is regenerable through multiple washings. Raw cotton, without being scoured and bleached, contains noncellulosic constituents including pectin, sugars, and hemicellulose in its primary cell wall. These noncellulosic components provide definitive active binding sites for the in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Facile heating in an aqueous solution of AgNO3 activated raw cotton to produce Ag NPs (ca. 28 nm in diameter and 2261 mg kg-1 in concentration). Compared with scoured and bleached cotton, raw cotton requires lower concentrations of AgNO3-ten times lower for Klebsiella pneumonia and two times lower for Staphylococcus aureus-to achieve 99.9% reductions of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The Ag NPs embedded in the primary cell wall, which was confirmed via transmission electron microscopy images of the fiber cross-sections, are immobilized, exhibiting resistance to leaching as judged by continuous laundering. A remarkable percentage (74%) of the total Ag NPs remained in the raw cotton after 50 laundering cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghyun Nam
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center New Orleans LA 70124 USA +1 504 286 4390 +1 504 286 4229
| | - Matthew B Hillyer
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center New Orleans LA 70124 USA +1 504 286 4390 +1 504 286 4229
| | - Zhongqi He
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center New Orleans LA 70124 USA +1 504 286 4390 +1 504 286 4229
| | - SeChin Chang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center New Orleans LA 70124 USA +1 504 286 4390 +1 504 286 4229
| | - J Vincent Edwards
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center New Orleans LA 70124 USA +1 504 286 4390 +1 504 286 4229
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Shih YT, Chen AP, Lai MF, Lin MC, Shiu BC, Lou CW, Lin JH. Hemostasis Evaluation of Antibacterial and Highly Absorbent Composite Wound Dressings in Animal Hemostasis Models. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091764. [PMID: 35566933 PMCID: PMC9102788 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To reduce the bleeding time and to shorten the surgery time are vital to patients' prog-nosis, therefore, in this study, high moisture absorption nonwoven composites are proposed to attain hemostasis in time. Polyacrylate fiber and Tencel® fibers at different blending ratios (10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, and 50:50) are used to form PT composite nonwoven. Next, composed of a 50:50 ratio, PT composite nonwoven exhibits the maximal vertical wicking height of 4.4 cm along the cross direction. Additionally, the UV-Vis absorption spectra analysis shows that at absorption waves of 413-415 nm, the occurring of distinct peaks suggests the presence of nanoparticles. The XRD patterns indicate the presence of silver nanoparticles with corresponding crystal planes of characteristic peaks at (111), (200), and (220). Polyacrylate/Tencel® nonwoven composites exhibit comparable adsorption capacity of blood and water molecules. In particular, 30PT composite nonwoven outperforms the control group, exhibiting 3.8 times and 4.7 times greater the water absorption and blood absorption, respectively. Moreover, a great number of red blood cells with a size of 4-6 μm agglomerate among fibers as observed in SEM images, while 6hr-PT composite dressing demonstrates the optimal antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, proven by the zone of inhibition being 1.9 mm and 0.8 mm separately. When in contact with plasma, hemostasis composites have plasma hemostasis prothrombin time of 97.9%, and activated partial thromboplastin time of 96.7%. As for animal hemostasis model, the arteria over the rats' thigh bones is cut open perpendicularly, generating mass arteria hemorrhage. To attain hemostasis, it takes 46.5% shorter time when using composite dressings (experimental group) than the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tung Shih
- Division of General Neurosurgery, Jen-Ai Hospital, Dali District, Taichung City 412224, Taiwan;
| | - An-Pang Chen
- Technical Center, Fujian Changyuan Textile Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350200, China;
| | - Mei-Feng Lai
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 40724, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (M.-F.L.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 40724, Taiwan;
| | - Bing-Chiuan Shiu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City 404333, Taiwan
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Correspondence: (M.-F.L.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jia-Horng Lin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 404333, Taiwan
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 407102, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-F.L.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
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Fanizza C, Stefanelli M, Risuglia A, Bruni E, Ietto F, Incoronato F, Marra F, Preziosi A, Mancini P, Sarto MS, Uccelletti D. In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility Studies on Engineered Fabric with Graphene Nanoplatelets. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091405. [PMID: 35564114 PMCID: PMC9100993 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To produce clothes made with engineered fabrics to monitor the physiological parameters of workers, strain sensors were produced by depositing two different types of water-based inks (P1 and P2) suitably mixed with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on a fabric. We evaluated the biocompatibility of fabrics with GNPs (GNP fabric) through in vitro and in vivo assays. We investigated the effects induced on human keratinocytes by the eluates extracted from GNP fabrics by the contact of GNP fabrics with cells and by seeding keratinocytes directly onto the GNP fabrics using a cell viability test and morphological analysis. Moreover, we evaluated in vivo possible adverse effects of the GNPs using the model system Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell viability assay, morphological analysis and Caenorhabditis elegans tests performed on smart fabric treated with P2 (P2GNP fabric) did not show significant differences when compared with their respective control samples. Instead, a reduction in cell viability and changes in the membrane microvilli structure were found in cells incubated with smart fabric treated with P1. The results were helpful in determining the non-toxic properties of the P2GNP fabric. In the future, therefore, graphene-based ink integrated into elastic fabric will be developed for piezoresistive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fanizza
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DITSIPIA), National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (F.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mara Stefanelli
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DITSIPIA), National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (F.I.)
| | - Anna Risuglia
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DITSIPIA), National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (F.I.)
| | - Erika Bruni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.P.); (D.U.)
| | - Federica Ietto
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DITSIPIA), National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (F.I.)
| | - Federica Incoronato
- Department of Technological Innovations and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements (DITSIPIA), National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (F.I.)
| | - Fabrizio Marra
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.S.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Preziosi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.P.); (D.U.)
| | - Patrizia Mancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Sabrina Sarto
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (M.S.S.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.P.); (D.U.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
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Lehutso RF, Wesley-Smith J, Thwala M. Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of 'Form Specific' Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12468. [PMID: 34830350 PMCID: PMC8621863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the toxicity effects of 'form specific' engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and ions released from nano-enabled products (NEPs), namely sunscreens, sanitisers, body creams and socks on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Spirodela polyrhiza, and Daphnia magna. Additionally, risk estimation emanating from the exposures was undertaken. The ENMs and the ions released from the products both contributed to the effects to varying extents, with neither being a uniform principal toxicity agent across the exposures; however, the effects were either synergistic or antagonistic. D. magna and S. polyrhiza were the most sensitive and least sensitive test organisms, respectively. The most toxic effects were from ENMs and ions released from sanitisers and sunscreens, whereas body creams and sock counterparts caused negligible effects. The internalisation of the ENMs from the sunscreens could not be established; only adsorption on the biota was evident. It was established that ENMs and ions released from products pose no imminent risk to ecosystems; instead, small to significant adverse effects are expected in the worst-case exposure scenario. The study demonstrates that while ENMs from products may not be considered to pose an imminent risk, increasing nanotechnology commercialization may increase their environmental exposure and risk potential; therefore, priority exposure cases need to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisibe Florence Lehutso
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - James Wesley-Smith
- Electron Microscope Unit, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Melusi Thwala
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa
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Akbaba TN, Ertas N, Alp O. Characterization of the Silver Species Released From Clothing by Single Particle–Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry Using a Microsecond Dwell Time. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1950166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Nur Akbaba
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nusret Ertas
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Orkun Alp
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Moloi MS, Lehutso RF, Erasmus M, Oberholster PJ, Thwala M. Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2868. [PMID: 34835631 PMCID: PMC8618637 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Rapid commercialisation of nano-enabled products (NEPs) elevates the potential environmental release of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) along the product life cycle. The current review examined the state of the art literature on aquatic environment exposure and ecotoxicity of product released (PR) engineered nanomaterials (PR-ENMs). Additionally, the data obtained were applied to estimate the risk posed by PR-ENMs to various trophic levels of aquatic biota as a means of identifying priority NEPs cases that may require attention with regards to examining environmental implications. Overall, the PR-ENMs are predominantly associated with the matrix of the respective NEPs, a factor that often hinders proper isolation of nano-driven toxicity effects. Nevertheless, some studies have attributed the toxicity basis of observed adverse effects to a combination of the released ions, ENMs and other components of NEPs. Notwithstanding the limitation of current ecotoxicology data limitations, the risk estimated herein points to an elevated risk towards fish arising from fabrics' PR-nAg, and the considerable potential effects from sunscreens' PR-nZnO and PR-nTiO2 to algae, echinoderms, and crustaceans (PR-nZnO), whereas PR-nTiO2 poses no significant risk to echinoderms. Considering that the current data limitations will not be overcome immediately, we recommend the careful application of similar risk estimation to isolate/prioritise cases of NEPs for detailed characterisation of ENMs' release and effects in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa; (M.S.M.); (P.J.O.)
| | | | - Mariana Erasmus
- Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa;
| | - Paul Johan Oberholster
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa; (M.S.M.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Melusi Thwala
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa; (M.S.M.); (P.J.O.)
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
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10
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Lehutso RF, Thwala M. Assessment of Nanopollution from Commercial Products in Water Environments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2537. [PMID: 34684978 PMCID: PMC8539925 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of nano-enabled products (NEPs) can release engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into water resources, and the increasing commercialisation of NEPs raises the environmental exposure potential. The current study investigated the release of ENMs and their characteristics from six commercial products (sunscreens, body creams, sanitiser, and socks) containing nTiO2, nAg, and nZnO. ENMs were released in aqueous media from all investigated NEPs and were associated with ions (Ag+ and Zn2+) and coating agents (Si and Al). NEPs generally released elongated (7-9 × 66-70 nm) and angular (21-80 × 25-79 nm) nTiO2, near-spherical (12-49 nm) and angular nAg (21-76 × 29-77 nm), and angular nZnO (32-36 × 32-40 nm). NEPs released varying ENMs' total concentrations (ca 0.4-95%) of total Ti, Ag, Ag+, Zn, and Zn2+ relative to the initial amount of ENMs added in NEPs, influenced by the nature of the product and recipient water quality. The findings confirmed the use of the examined NEPs as sources of nanopollution in water resources, and the physicochemical properties of the nanopollutants were determined. Exposure assessment data from real-life sources are highly valuable for enriching the robust environmental risk assessment of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisibe Florence Lehutso
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Melusi Thwala
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Environmental Health, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6019, South Africa
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa
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11
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Temizel-Sekeryan S, Hicks AL. Cradle-to-grave environmental impact assessment of silver enabled t-shirts: Do nano-specific impacts exceed non nano-specific emissions? NANOIMPACT 2021; 22:100319. [PMID: 35559976 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of silver nanoparticles (nAg) is increasing due to their use in various industries. A comprehensive analysis is needed to elucidate the potential environmental and human health benefits and costs of the silver-enabled consumer products. For this purpose, four commercially available silver/nanosilver enabled polyester textiles with different initial silver/nanosilver loadings (1.07-4030 μg Ag/g textile) are included in the current research and cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments (LCA) are conducted to identify hotspots associated with production and use of these products throughout their lifetimes (100 cycles). Both non nano-specific and nano-specific impacts are calculated using nano-specific ecotoxicity characterization factors for nAg, instead of the commonly utilized ionic silver (Ag+) surrogate. Additionally, four different laundering scenarios were modeled to analyze the impacts resulting from using conventional and high efficiency machines. In the majority of environmental impact categories, either polyester textile manufacturing (regardless of Ag/nAg enabling) or laundering were identified as hotspots. Non nano-specific ecotoxicity impacts ranged from 1.58 × 101-2.91 × 101 CTUe/textile (CTUe: comparative toxic units for ecosystems) and nano-specific ecotoxicity impacts ranged from 2.01 × 10-4-3.10 × 10-3 CTUe/textile for the lowest and the highest Ag/nAg containing textiles, respectively. It is also found that unless the initial silver loading per textile is significantly high (in this case 4030 μg Ag/g textile comparing to the lowest load of 1.07 μg Ag/g textile), ecotoxicity and human health impacts of released silver species would be lower than ecotoxicity and human health impacts resulting from raw materials acquisition and manufacturing of the antibacterial textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sila Temizel-Sekeryan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Andrea L Hicks
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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12
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Effects of Technical Textiles and Synthetic Nanofibers on Environmental Pollution. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13010155. [PMID: 33401538 PMCID: PMC7794755 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Textile manufacturing has been one of the highest polluting industrial sectors. It represents about one-fifth of worldwide industrial water pollution. It uses a huge number of chemicals, numerous of which are carcinogenic. The textile industry releases many harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals and formaldehyde, into water streams and soil, as well as toxic gases such as suspended particulate matter and sulphur dioxide to air. These hazardous wastes, may cause diseases and severe problems to human health such as respiratory and heart diseases. Pollution caused by the worldwide textile manufacturing units results in unimaginable harm, such as textile polymers, auxiliaries and dyes, to the environment. This review presents a systematic and comprehensive survey of all recently produced high-performance textiles; and will therefore assist a deeper understanding of technical textiles providing a bridge between manufacturer and end-user. Moreover, the achievements in advanced applications of textile material will be extensively studied. Many classes of technical textiles were proved in a variety of applications of different fields. The introductory material- and process-correlated identifications regarding raw materials and their transformation into yarns, fibers and fabrics followed by dyeing, printing, finishing of technical textiles and their further processing will be explored. Thus, the environmental impacts of technical textiles on soil, air and water are discussed.
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13
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Nam S, Hillyer MB, Condon BD, Lum JS, Richards MN, Zhang Q. Silver Nanoparticle-Infused Cotton Fiber: Durability and Aqueous Release of Silver in Laundry Water. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13231-13240. [PMID: 32286814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the application of silver nanoparticles to commercial antibacterial items is well-established, there have been increasing concerns that such particles might leach out, particularly into laundry water from textile products. A recently developed process wherein silver nanoparticles are synthesized in situ within the cotton fiber itself promises, however, to achieve the desired washing durability. In this study, the silver release behavior of the silver nanoparticle-infused cotton fabric during consecutive launderings in water and a detergent solution was analyzed. Silver nanoparticles (12 ± 3 nm in diameter) were uniformly produced throughout the entire volume of cotton fiber with a concentration of 3017 ± 56 mg/kg. A combination of colorimetric, spectroscopic, and elemental analyses showed (1) nonlinear silver release behavior, with a rapid release from externally formed nanoparticles during the initial washing and a plateau-like release from internally formed nanoparticles during extended washing, and (2) superior nanoparticle-leach resistance compared to those in commercial and laboratory-prepared textiles analyzed in the literature. The internal nanoparticles immobilized within cotton fiber exhibited persistent antibacterial activity after 50 home laundering cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghyun Nam
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Matthew B Hillyer
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Brian D Condon
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - June S Lum
- Chemical Biological Innovative Materials & Ensemble Development Team, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Molly N Richards
- Chemical Biological Innovative Materials & Ensemble Development Team, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Qingbo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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14
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Fabrication of Robust Multifaceted Textiles by Application of Functionalized TiO2 Nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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15
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Characterisation of Electrical and Stiffness Properties of Conductive Textile Coatings with Metal Flake-Shaped Fillers. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12213537. [PMID: 31671725 PMCID: PMC6861941 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two conductive formulations containing different types of micron-sized metal flakes (silver-coated copper (Cu) and pure silver (Ag)) were characterised and used to form highly electrically conductive coatings (conductors) on plain and base-coated woven fabrics, the latter in an encapsulated construction. With e-textiles as the intended application, the fabric stiffness, in terms of flexural stiffness and sheet resistance (Rsh), after durability testing (laundering and abrasion) was investigated and related to user friendliness and long-term performance. Bare and encapsulated conductors with increasing amounts of deposited solids were fabricated by adjusting the knife coating parameters, such as the coating gap height (5, 20, 50, and 200 μm), which reduced the Rsh, as determined by four-point probe (4PP) measurements; however, this improvement was at the expense of increased flexural stiffness of the coated fabrics. The addition of a melamine derivative (MF) as a cross-linker to the Cu formulation and the encapsulation of both conductor types gave the best trade-off between durability and Rsh, as confirmed by 4PP measurements. However, the infrared camera images revealed the formation of hotspots within the bare conductor matrix, although low resistances (determined by 4PP) and no microstructural defects (determined by SEM) were detected. These results stress the importance of thorough investigation to assure the design of reliable conductors applied on textiles requiring this type of maintenance.
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Courtois P, Rorat A, Lemiere S, Guyoneaud R, Attard E, Levard C, Vandenbulcke F. Ecotoxicology of silver nanoparticles and their derivatives introduced in soil with or without sewage sludge: A review of effects on microorganisms, plants and animals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:578-598. [PMID: 31330350 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely incorporated in many products, partly due to their antimicrobial properties. The subsequent discharge of this form of silver into wastewater leads to an accumulation of silver species (AgNPs and derivatives resulting from their chemical transformation), in sewage sludge. As a result of the land application of sewage sludge for agricultural or remediation purposes, soils are the primary receiver media of silver contamination. Research on the long-term impact of AgNPs on the environment is ongoing, and this paper is the first review that summarizes the existing state of scientific knowledge on the potential impact of silver species introduced into the soil via sewage sludge, from microorganisms to earthworms and plants. Silver species can easily enter cells through biological membranes and affect the physiology of organisms, resulting in toxic effects. In soils, exposure to AgNPs may change microbial biomass and diversity, decrease plant growth and inhibit soil invertebrate reproduction. Physiological, biochemical and molecular effects have been documented in various soil organisms and microorganisms. Negative effects on organisms of the dominant form of silver in sewage sludge, silver sulfide (Ag2S), have been observed, although these effects are attenuated compared to the effects of metallic AgNPs. However, silver toxicity is complex to evaluate and much remains unknown about the ecotoxicology of silver species in soils, especially with respect to the possibility of transfer along the trophic chain via accumulation in plant and animal tissues. Critical points related to the hazards associated with the presence of silver species in the environment are described, and important issues concerning the ecotoxicity of sewage sludge applied to soil are discussed to highlight gaps in existing scientific knowledge and essential research directions for improving risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Courtois
- Univ. Lille - LGCgE - Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Cité scientifique, SN3, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Agnieszka Rorat
- Univ. Lille - LGCgE - Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Cité scientifique, SN3, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Sébastien Lemiere
- Univ. Lille - LGCgE - Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Cité scientifique, SN3, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Rémy Guyoneaud
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour/E2S/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour L'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Eléonore Attard
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour/E2S/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour L'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Clément Levard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- Univ. Lille - LGCgE - Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Cité scientifique, SN3, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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17
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Syafiuddin A. Toward a comprehensive understanding of textiles functionalized with silver nanoparticles. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Syafiuddin
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Resource Sustainability Research AllianceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
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18
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Xu Q, Zheng W, Duan P, Chen J, Zhang Y, Fu F, Diao H, Liu X. One-pot fabrication of durable antibacterial cotton fabric coated with silver nanoparticles via carboxymethyl chitosan as a binder and stabilizer. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 204:42-49. [PMID: 30366541 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this article, durable antimicrobial cotton fabric was prepared by a one-pot modification process using a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) stabilized by carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). Due to coordination bonds between the amine groups of CMC and the Ag NPs and the ester bonds present between the carboxyl groups of CMC and the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, the Ag NPs were tightly immobilized onto the cotton fiber surface. As a result, the Ag NPs that were adhered on the cotton fabrics have uniform dispersion and small size, ranging from 10 nm to 80 nm. This provides the cotton fabric with remarkable and durable antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli. After 50 laundering cycles, the bacterial reduction rate (BR) for the modified cotton fabric remained over 94%. This method is simple, and it is particularly suitable for the industrial finishing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingBo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - WeiShi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - PanPan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - JiaNing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - YanYan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - FeiYa Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - HongYan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
| | - XiangDong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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19
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Jung Y, Metreveli G, Park CB, Baik S, Schaumann GE. Implications of Pony Lake Fulvic Acid for the Aggregation and Dissolution of Oppositely Charged Surface-Coated Silver Nanoparticles and Their Ecotoxicological Effects on Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:436-445. [PMID: 29258302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Citrate (Cit) and polyethylenimine (BPEI)-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used to understand how the type of capping agents and surface charge affect their colloidal stability, dissolution, and ecotoxicity in the absence/presence of Pony Lake Fulvic Acid (PLFA). In the presence of PLFA, Cit-AgNPs were stabilized, while BPEI-AgNPs were aggregated. The aggregation of BPEI-AgNPs decreased with the time, and their stabilizing effect increased at high PLFA concentration. The dissolution also differed between both AgNPs and was influenced by the PLFA concentration. Generally, BPEI-AgNPs showed a lower amount of dissolved Ag than Cit-AgNPs. The dissolved Ag concentration decreased for both AgNPs at low PLFA concentration (5 mg/L). In contrast, the extent of nanoparticle dissolution increased at high PLFA concentration (30 mg/L) but only for BPEI-AgNPs. In the absence of PLFA, the ecotoxicity of Cit-AgNPs to Daphnia magna was higher than that of BPEI-AgNPs. However, the ecotoxicity of AgNPs in the presence of PLFA was up to 70% lower than in their absence. We demonstrated that the differences in colloidal stability, dissolution, and ecotoxicity may be attributed to the different capping agents, surface charge, and concentration of natural organic matter (NOM) as well as to the formation of dissolved Ag complexes with NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- YounJung Jung
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe , Campus E 7.1, Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
- Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau , Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
| | - George Metreveli
- Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau , Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Chang-Beom Park
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe , Campus E 7.1, Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
- Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Gyeonsangnam-do 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyun Baik
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe , Campus E 7.1, Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
| | - Gabriele E Schaumann
- Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau , Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
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20
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Aznar R, Barahona F, Geiss O, Ponti J, José Luis T, Barrero-Moreno J. Quantification and size characterisation of silver nanoparticles in environmental aqueous samples and consumer products by single particle-ICPMS. Talanta 2017; 175:200-208. [PMID: 28841979 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Single particle-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICPMS) is a promising technique able to generate the number based-particle size distribution (PSD) of nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous suspensions. However, SP-ICPMS analysis is not consolidated as routine-technique yet and is not typically applied to real test samples with unknown composition. This work presents a methodology to detect, quantify and characterise the number-based PSD of Ag-NPs in different environmental aqueous samples (drinking and lake waters), aqueous samples derived from migration tests and consumer products using SP-ICPMS. The procedure is built from a pragmatic view and involves the analysis of serial dilutions of the original sample until no variation in the measured size values is observed while keeping particle counts proportional to the dilution applied. After evaluation of the analytical figures of merit, the SP-ICPMS method exhibited excellent linearity (r2>0.999) in the range (1-25) × 104 particlesmL-1 for 30, 50 and 80nm nominal size Ag-NPs standards. The precision in terms of repeatability was studied according to the RSDs of the measured size and particle number concentration values and a t-test (p = 95%) at the two intermediate concentration levels was applied to determine the bias of SP-ICPMS size values compared to reference values. The method showed good repeatability and an overall acceptable bias in the studied concentration range. The experimental minimum detectable size for Ag-NPs ranged between 12 and 15nm. Additionally, results derived from direct SP-ICPMS analysis were compared to the results conducted for fractions collected by asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation and supernatant fractions after centrifugal filtration. The method has been successfully applied to determine the presence of Ag-NPs in: lake water; tap water; tap water filtered by a filter jar; seven different liquid silver-based consumer products; and migration solutions (pure water and sweat simulant) from plasters. Results obtained by SP-ICPMS were supported by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy characterisation, suggesting that the proposed methodology can be applied as a positive screening test in the simultaneous quantification and size characterisation of Ag-NPs in samples of environmental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Aznar
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Barahona
- European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Otmar Geiss
- European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Jessica Ponti
- European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Tadeo José Luis
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Barrero-Moreno
- European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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