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Yu W, Yang M, Liu Y. Real-time in situ detection of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in soils via a novel optical methodology. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124526. [PMID: 38810434 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination in soils is considered one of the most serious problems currently, of which the detection and identification is a fairly significant but challenging work. Conventional methods to do such work usually need complex sample pretreatment, consume much time and fail to do the in-situ detection. This paper set out to create a novel systematic methodology to realize the goals accurately and efficiently. Based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and self-improved machine learning methods, the innovative methodology only uses extremely simple devices to do the real-time in situ detection and identification work and even realize the quantitative analysis of pollution level accurately. In the study, clean soils mixed with petroleum were served as polluted samples, clean soils to be the blank group for comparison. Based on the elemental information from the spectra obtained by LIBS, machine learning methods were improved and helped optimized the algorithm to identify the PHC polluted soil samples for the first time. Furthermore, a novel model was designed to perform the quantitative analysis of the concentration of PHC pollution in soils, which can be applied to detect the degree of PHC contamination in soils accurately. Finally, the harmful volatile component of the PHC polluted soils was also successfully and identified despite its extremely minimal content in the air. The newly-designed methodology is novel and efficient, which has extensive application prospect in the real-time in situ detection of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing 210044, PR China; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Minglei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing 210044, PR China.
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2
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K S, Manian R. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soils: recent progress, perspectives and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1441. [PMID: 37946088 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The life of all creatures is supported directly or indirectly by soil, which is a significant environmental matrix. The soil has been polluted partly due to increased human activities and population growth, releasing several foreign substances and persistent contaminants. When toxic substances like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are disposed of, the characteristics of the soil are changed, microbial biodiversity is impacted, and items are destroyed. Because of the mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons, the restoration and cleanup of PAH-polluted areas represent a severe technological and environmental challenge for long-term growth and development. Although there are several ways to clean up PAH-contaminated soils, much attention is paid to intriguing bacteria, fungus, and their enzymes. Various factors influence PAH breakdown, including pH, temperature, airflow, moisture level, nutrient availability, and degrading microbial populations. This review discusses how PAHs affect soil characteristics and shows that secondary metabolite and carbon dioxide decomposition are produced due to microbial breakdown processes. Furthermore, the advantages of bioremediation strategies were assessed for correct evaluation and considered dependable on each legislative and scientific research level, as analyzed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumathi K
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University: Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rameshpathy Manian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University: Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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3
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Mohan B, Singh G, Chauhan A, Pombeiro AJL, Ren P. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based luminescent and electrochemical sensors for food contaminant detection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131324. [PMID: 37080033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing population, food toxicity has become a prevalent concern due to the growing contaminants of food products. Therefore, the need for new materials for toxicant detection and food quality monitoring will always be in demand. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on luminescence and electrochemical sensors with tunable porosity and active surface area are promising materials for food contaminants monitoring. This review summarizes and studies the most recent progress on MOF sensors for detecting food contaminants such as pesticides, antibiotics, toxins, biomolecules, and ionic species. First, with the introduction of MOFs, food contaminants and materials for toxicants detection are discussed. Then the insights into the MOFs as emerging materials for sensing applications with luminescent and electrochemical properties, signal changes, and sensing mechanisms are discussed. Next, recent advances in luminescent and electrochemical MOFs food sensors and their sensitivity, selectivity, and capacities for common food toxicants are summarized. Further, the challenges and outlooks are discussed for providing a new pathway for MOF food contaminant detection tools. Overall, a timely source of information on advanced MOF materials provides materials for next-generation food sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij Mohan
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Gurjaspreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Archana Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Peng Ren
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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4
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Zhang H, Lei T, Li X, Yang R, Dong G, Yang Y. A strategy to reduce the effect of organic matter on fluorescence intensity for improving the detection accuracy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122446. [PMID: 36764166 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy has been used for rapid detection of PAHs in soil, but soil organic matter (SOM) produces strong interference to the fluorescence intensity of PAHs, which restricts the application of fluorescence spectroscopy for rapid detection of PAHs in soil. A correction method of reducing the interference of SOM on PAHs fluorescence intensity was proposed combining fluorescence and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Six soil samples with different concentrations of humic acid (HA) at a given phenanthrene concentration (5 mg/g) were prepared and scanned for obtaining the fluorescence and NIR diffuse reflectance spectra. The spectral data showed that the fluorescence intensity and NIR diffuse reflectance had an approximate trend with the change of HA concentration. It was found that the NIR diffuse reflection at 4672 cm-1 as a calibration factor could effectively reduce the interference of HA on the fluorescence intensity of phenanthrene. Subsequently, a standard curve for the quantitative analysis of phenanthrene in soil was established based on the fluorescence intensity before and after calibration. For the unknown samples, the predicted average relative errors of the standard curves before and after calibration were 27.46 % and 9.00 %, respectively. The results showed that the proposed correction method could reduce the interference of HA on the quantitative analysis of PAHs, and provide a reference for eliminating the interference constraint of fluorescence spectroscopy technique for rapid real-time detection of PAHs in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tao Lei
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Renjie Yang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Guimei Dong
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Yanrong Yang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
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5
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Zhou S, Zhang L, Guo C, Zhong Y, Luo X, Pan X, Yang Z, Tan L. Comparing liquid-liquid, solid-phase, and supported-liquid extraction for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in serum samples and their application for human biomonitoring. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Haouchine M, Biache C, Lorgeoux C, Faure P, Offroy M. Handle Matrix Rank Deficiency, Noise, and Interferences in 3D Emission-Excitation Matrices: Effective Truncated Singular-Value Decomposition in Chemometrics Applied to the Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23653-23661. [PMID: 35847320 PMCID: PMC9281310 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of organic compounds in polluted matrices by eco-friendly three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometric algorithms constitutes a powerful alternative to the separation techniques conventionally used. However, the systematic presence of Rayleigh and Raman scattering signals in the excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) complicates the spectral decomposition via PARAllel FACtor analysis (PARAFAC) due to the nontrilinear structure of these signals. Likewise, the specific problem of selectivity in spectroscopy for unexpected chemical components in a complex sample may render its chemical interpretation difficult at first glance. The relevant chemical information can then be complicated to extract, especially if the raw data is noisy. There are several strategies to overcome these drawbacks, but weaknesses remain. As a consequence, a new alternative method is proposed to handle these interferences, the noise, and the rank deficiencies in the data and applied for the characterization of polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) mixtures. It is based on effective truncated singular-value decomposition (MT-SVD) that does not require any prior knowledge of the raw data. The algorithm provides a valuable estimation of the global rank to choose on complex samples where selectivity problems are observed. It is a real alternative compared to other existing methods applied to the fluorescence matrix to filter the signal from noise or light scattering effects. The first exploratory results of the proposed algorithm are promising to handle matrix rank deficiencies as well as the effects of noise and light scattering on complex PAC mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Coralie Biache
- LIEC, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Pierre Faure
- LIEC, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Marc Offroy
- LIEC, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
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7
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Capaccio A, Sasso A, Rusciano G. Feasibility of SERS-Active Porous Ag Substrates for the Effective Detection of Pyrene in Water. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22072764. [PMID: 35408378 PMCID: PMC9002898 DOI: 10.3390/s22072764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants that are typically released into the environment during the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Due to their relevant carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity, it is urgent to develop sensitive and cost-effective strategies for monitoring them, especially in aqueous environments. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can potentially be used as a reliable approach for this purpose, as it constitutes a valid alternative to traditional techniques, such as liquid and gas chromatography. Nevertheless, the development of an SERS-based platform for detection PAHs has so far been hindered by the poor adsorption of PAHs onto silver- and gold-based SERS-active substrates. To overcome this limitation, several research efforts have been directed towards the development of functionalized SERS substrates for the improvement of PAH adsorption. However, these strategies suffer from the interference that functionalizing molecules can produce in SERS detection. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of label-free detection of pyrene by using a highly porous 3D-SERS substrate produced by an inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Thanks to the coral-like nanopattern exhibited by our substrate, clear signals ascribable to pyrene molecules can be observed with a limit of detection of 23 nM. The observed performance can be attributed to the nanoporous character of our substrate, which combines a high density of hotspots and a certain capability of trapping molecules and favoring their adhesion to the Ag nanopattern. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of our substrates as a large-area, label-free SERS-based platform for chemical sensing and environmental control applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Capaccio
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.S.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Sasso
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.S.); (G.R.)
- National Research Council-National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Rusciano
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.S.); (G.R.)
- National Research Council-National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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8
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Application of individual response factors for accurate quantitation of alkylated PAH homologs in complex environmental samples using gas chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Chen L, Tian X, Li Y, Yang C, Huang Y, Nie Y. Rapid and sensitive screening of multiple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a reusable fluorescent sensor array. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127694. [PMID: 34785436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Simple and rapid sensing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) remains a great technical challenge due to their chemical stability and structural similarity. Here, a simple, sensitive and cost-effective sensing strategy is proposed to detect multiple PAHs by utilizing the inner filter effect (IFE) and a reusable fluorescent sensor array consisting of four polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite carbon quantum dots (CDs) film sensors. The CDs/PVA films have a wide and tunable excitation range, which provide sufficient spectral overlap with PAHs and ensure the efficient occurrence of IFE. Under different excitations, the diverse UV absorption capacities of PAHs resulted in diverse spectral responses, enabling a unique chemical fingerprint for each PAH. Upon multivariate pattern recognition analysis, the array rendered high-throughput discrimination and sensitive quantification of 16 priority PAHs with 100% classification accuracy and detection limit as low as 57 nM. Moreover, the rapid and accurate screening of multiple environmental samples were also realized with the results consistent with high-performance liquid chromatography. This IFE-based reusable array is readily prepared, green and feasible, which exhibits great potential in environmental analysis and brings an advanced strategy to high-throughput sensing of more pollutants with similar structures and lack of recognition sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China; Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xike Tian
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Chao Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yunjie Huang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yulun Nie
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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10
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Xu Y, Gao H, Du Z, Liu H, Cheng Q, Zhang F, Ye J, Wang A, Dou Y, Ma B, Zhao N, Zhu F, Xu X, Shen N, Wu J, Xue B. A new approach for reducing pollutants level: a longitudinal cohort study of physical exercises in young people. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:223. [PMID: 35114971 PMCID: PMC8812347 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the elimination of three common pollutants (dimethoate, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and bisphenol A (BPA) by different physical exercises and to assess the possible factors which could affect the pollutants elimination. METHODS A total of 200 individuals who chose different kinds of exercises in accordance to their own wish were recruited. The levels of urinary pollutants were measured using β-glucuronidase hydrolysis followed by a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based method. RESULTS Totally, the levels of dimethoate, BaP and BPA were reduced after physical exercises. However, the elimination of BaP in male was higher than that in female but the elimination of BPA in female was higher than that in male. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the degree of heart rate (HR) change was a protective factor affecting the improvement effect of dimethoate, BaP and BPA while BMI (body mass index) was a risk factor. Nevertheless, sex was a risk factor affecting the improvement of dimethoate and BaP but had a lower efficacy on BPA improvement. CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that physical exercises can be considered as a novel approach to eliminate pollutants level in human body and can also give suggestions for choosing specific physical exercises to male and female individuals. Moreover, those who are with higher BMI need to lose weight before eliminating pollutant level through physical exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xu
- Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hongliang Gao
- Core Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhixiang Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - He Liu
- General surgery department, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Furong Zhang
- Core Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | | | - Yanjun Dou
- Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bei Ma
- Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ningwei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- General surgery department, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xianlin Xu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 109 Longmian Road, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Shen
- China Exposomics Institute (CEI) Precision Medicine Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Core Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Core Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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11
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Ghohestani E, Tashkhourian J, Sharifi H, Bojanowski NM, Seehafer K, Smarsly E, Bunz UHF, Hemmateenejad B. A poly(arylene ethynylene)-based microfluidic fluorescence sensor array for discrimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Analyst 2022; 147:4266-4274. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were discriminated using a microfluidic paper-based sensor array device.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hoda Sharifi
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, 719468 Shiraz, Iran
| | - N. Maximilian Bojanowski
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Seehafer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Smarsly
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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13
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Qazi F, Shahsavari E, Prawer S, Ball AS, Tomljenovic-Hanic S. Detection and identification of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in soil using intrinsic fluorescence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116010. [PMID: 33189449 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, phenanthrene, and anthracene induce toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects on living organisms and are considered as primary pollutants. Traditional methods for their identification are often laborious and time-consuming and do not account for the heterogeneous nature of their distribution. Here we present confocal microscopy as a rapid and accurate technique for direct analysis of PAHs in soil samples without the complexity of sample pre-processing which might delay results for several days. The method uses the intrinsic fluorescence of PAHs for detection and their emission spectra for the identification of different PAHs. A clear difference was observed in the fluorescence spectral properties of phenanthrene, pyrene and naphthalene in real-time environmental samples. The post-processing of confocal scans obtained in the detection stage of PAHs was completed through the application of ImageJ software. Intrinsic fluorescence-based detections of PAHs may open new avenues in terms of rapid detection and identification of PAHs in heterogeneous complex soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Qazi
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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14
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Racicot JM, Mako TL, Healey A, Hos B, Levine M. Efficient Detection and Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Cyclodextrin-Modified Cellulose. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1730-1736. [PMID: 32790235 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covalent functionalization of cellulose with β-cyclodextrin by succinic acid-promoted cross-linking leads to a dual-function material that efficiently promotes proximity-induced energy transfer from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to squaraine fluorophores with high quantum yields, and removes PAHs from aqueous solution through non-covalent binding. This material, which possesses a high functionalization density (0.17 μg/mm2 of cyclodextrin on cellulose), promotes energy transfer efficiencies as high as 58 % (for an anthracene donor in combination with a squaraine fluorophore acceptor), and leads to the removal of up to 91 % of a PAH (pyrene) from aqueous solution by mixing of the solution with the functionalized material. Overall, the high performance of this material in both proximity-induced energy transfer and the removal of PAHs from water means that such a method has significant potential impact in a variety of real-world environmental remediation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Teresa L Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Anna Healey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Beria Hos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan Street, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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15
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Mukhopadhyay S, Dutta R, Das P. A critical review on plant biomonitors for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air through solvent extraction techniques. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126441. [PMID: 32443242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hydrocarbons having two or more fused aromatic rings, released from natural (like forest fires and volcanic eruption) as well as man-made sources (like burning of fossil fuel & wood, automobile emission). They are persistent priority pollutants and continue to last for a long time in the environment causing severe damage to human health owing to their genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The study of PAHs in environment has therefore aroused a global concern. PAHs adsorption to plant cell wall is facilitated by transpiration and plant root lipids which help PAHs transfer from roots to leaves and stalks, causing more accumulation of contaminants with the increase in lipid content. Hence, these bioaccumulators can be utilized as biomonitors for indirect assessment of ambient air pollution. Efficacy of specific plants, lichens and mosses as useful biomonitors of airborne PAHs pollution has been discussed in this review along with prevalent classical and modified extraction techniques coupled with proper analytical procedures in order to gain an insight into the assessment of atmospheric PAHs concentrations. Different modern and modified solvent extraction techniques along with conventional Soxhlet method are identified for extraction of PAHs from accumulative bioindicators and analytical methods are also developed for accurate determination of PAHs. Process parameters like choice of solvent, temperature, time of extraction, pressure and matrix characteristics are usually checked. An approach of biomonitoring of PAHs using plants, lichens and mosses has been discussed here as they usually trap the atmospheric PAHs and mineralize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shritama Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Ratna Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Papita Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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16
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Tropp J, Ihde MH, Williams AK, White NJ, Eedugurala N, Bell NC, Azoulay JD, Bonizzoni M. A sensor array for the discrimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using conjugated polymers and the inner filter effect. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10247-10255. [PMID: 32110311 PMCID: PMC7020785 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner filter effect and multivariate array sensing using conjugated polymers are combined for the detection and challenging discrimination of closely related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Natural and anthropogenic activities result in the production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent pollutants that negatively impact the environment and human health. Rapid and reliable methods for the detection and discrimination of these compounds remains a technological challenge owing to their relatively featureless properties, structural similarities, and existence as complex mixtures. Here, we demonstrate that the inner filter effect (IFE), in combination with conjugated polymer (CP) array-based sensing, offers a straightforward approach for the quantitative and qualitative profiling of PAHs. The sensor array was constructed from six fluorescent fluorene-based copolymers, which incorporate side chains with peripheral 2-phenylbenzimidazole substituents that provide spectral overlap with PAHs and give rise to a pronounced IFE. Subtle structural differences in copolymer structure result in distinct spectral signatures, which provide a unique “chemical fingerprint” for each PAH. The discriminatory power of the array was evaluated using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) in order to discriminate between 16 PAH compounds identified as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This array is the first multivariate system reliant on the modulation of the spectral signatures of CPs through the IFE for the detection and discrimination of closely related polynuclear aromatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Tropp
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Michael H Ihde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
| | - Abagail K Williams
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Nicholas J White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
| | - Naresh Eedugurala
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Noel C Bell
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Jason D Azoulay
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Marco Bonizzoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
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17
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Nsibande S, Montaseri H, Forbes P. Advances in the application of nanomaterial-based sensors for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic systems. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Cavaliere C, Montone CM, Capriotti AL, La Barbera G, Piovesana S, Rotatori M, Valentino F, Laganà A. Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from polyhydroxyalkanoates before gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Talanta 2018; 188:671-675. [PMID: 30029430 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among the organic contaminants that could pass from waste to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), there are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). For this reason, we have developed a rapid analytical method for the determination of sixteen PAHs in PHAs. PAHs were extracted by n-hexane, after matrix dispersion and crumbling into sand; the extract was purified by solid phase extraction using florisil as adsorbent. Recoveries in the range of 89-101% were obtained for the deuterated analytes, except for the two with the lowest molecular weight. Trueness between 92% and 108% and within-laboratory precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) ≤ 18% were estimated for all the analytes. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used for analyte determination. Method limits of quantification were suitable to assure that PAH presence in PHA biolpolymers is much below the limits set by European law for plastic materials. Indeed, analysis of two different PHA samples showed that contamination is limited to few compounds at non-concerning levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mauro Rotatori
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Italian National Research Council, via Salaria km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo (RM), Italy.
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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