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Zhang J, Shen JL. Effects of biochar on soil microbial diversity and community structure in clay soil. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-022-01689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
We determined the microbial community diversity and structure in soil samples under different amounts of biochar added. Meanwhile, we also researched the relationships between soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties.
Method
In this study, a field experiment was set up, with a total of three experimental treatments: no biochar application, 10 t/m3 biochar application, and 20 t/m3 application. High-throughput sequencing technologies were used for soil samples of different treatment groups to understand soil microbial diversity and community structure.
Results
We found that the soil physicochemical properties after biochar addition were better than those without biochar addition, and the alpha diversity was higher in biochar addition level of 20 t/m3 than other processing groups. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla of this study. The dominant genera were Skermanella, Nostoc, Frankia, and Unclassified-p-protecbacteria. At the gate level, Actinobacteria had significant differences among the three groups with different addition amounts. The microbial community structure was mainly influenced by soil porosity, soil moisture content, nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer other than soil phosphate fertilizer and organic matter.
Conclusions
The results suggested that changes under different amounts of biochar added generate changes in soil physicochemical properties and control the soil composition of microbial communities. This provides a new basis for soil improvement.
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Ghosh D, Maiti SK. Invasive weed‐based biochar facilitated the restoration of coal mine degraded land by modulating the enzyme activity and carbon sequestration. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipita Ghosh
- Ecological Restoration Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826 004 Jharkhand India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Ecological Restoration Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826 004 Jharkhand India
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Asadyar L, Xu CY, Wallace HM, Xu Z, Reverchon F, Bai SH. Soil-plant nitrogen isotope composition and nitrogen cycling after biochar applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6684-6690. [PMID: 33009613 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has strong potential to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in both agricultural and horticultural systems. Biochar is usually co-applied with full rates of fertiliser. However, the extent to which N cycling can be affected after biochar application to meet plant N requirement remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore N cycling up to 2 years after biochar application. We applied pine woodchip biochar at 0, 10 and 30 t ha-1 (B0, B10, B30, respectively) in a macadamia orchard and evaluated the N isotope composition (δ15N) of soil, microbial biomass and macadamia leaves. Soil total N (TN) and inorganic N pools were also measured up to 2 years after biochar application. Biochar did not alter soil TN but soil NO3--N increased at months 12 and 24 after biochar application. Soil NO3--N concentrations were always over ideal levels of 15 μg g-1 in B30 throughout the study. Stepwise regression indicated that foliar δ15N decreases after biochar application were explained by increased NO3--N concentrations in B30. Foliar TN and photosynthesis were not affected by biochar application. The soil in the high rate biochar plots had excess NO3--N concentrations (over 30 μg g-1) from month 20 onwards. Therefore, N fertiliser applications could be adjusted to prevent excessive N inputs and increase farm profitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Asadyar
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xu
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4760, Australia
| | - Helen M Wallace
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Frédérique Reverchon
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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Padhan BK, Sathee L, Meena HS, Adavi SB, Jha SK, Chinnusamy V. CO 2 Elevation Accelerates Phenology and Alters Carbon/Nitrogen Metabolism vis-à-vis ROS Abundance in Bread Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1061. [PMID: 32765552 PMCID: PMC7379427 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is an important staple food crop of the world and it accounts for 18-20% of human dietary protein. Recent reports suggest that CO2 elevation (CE) reduces grain protein and micronutrient content. In our earlier study, it was found that the enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) and the concomitant decrease in transcript abundance as well as activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and high affinity nitrate transporters (HATS) resulted in CE-mediated decrease in N metabolites in wheat seedlings. In the current study, two bread wheat genotypes Gluyas Early and B.T. Schomburgk differing in nitrate uptake and assimilation properties were evaluated for their response to CE. To understand the impact of low (LN), optimal (ON) and high (HN) nitrogen supply on plant growth, phenology, N and C metabolism, ROS and RNS signaling and yield, plants were evaluated under short term (hydroponics experiment) and long term (pot experiment) CE. CE improved growth, altered N assimilation, C/N ratio, N use efficiency (NUE) in B.T. Schomburgk. In general, CE decreased shoot N concentration and grain protein concentration in wheat irrespective of N supply. CE accelerated phenology and resulted in early flowering of both the wheat genotypes. Plants grown under CE showed higher levels of nitrosothiol and ROS, mainly under optimal and high nitrogen supply. Photorespiratory ammonia assimilating genes were down regulated by CE, whereas, expression of nitrate transporter/NPF genes were differentially regulated between genotypes by CE under different N availability. The response to CE was dependent on N supply as well as genotype. Hence, N fertilizer recommendation needs to be revised based on these variables for improving plant responses to N fertilization under a future CE scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra K. Padhan
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari S. Meena
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep B. Adavi
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailendra K. Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Nguyen TTN, Wallace HM, Xu CY, Van Zwieten L, Weng ZH, Xu Z, Che R, Tahmasbian I, Hu HW, Bai SH. The effects of short term, long term and reapplication of biochar on soil bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:142-151. [PMID: 29704711 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been shown to affect soil microbial diversity and abundance. Soil microbes play a key role in soil nutrient cycling, but there is still a dearth of knowledge on the responses of soil microbes to biochar amendments, particularly for longer-term or repeated applications. We sampled soil from a field trial to determine the individual and combined effects of newly applied (1 year ago), re-applied (1 year ago into aged biochar) and aged (9 years ago) biochar amendments on soil bacterial communities, with the aim of identifying the potential underlying mechanisms or consequences of these effects. Soil bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA using a Miseq platform. This investigation showed that biochar in soil after 1 year significantly increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of nitrifiers and bacteria consuming pyrogenic carbon (C). We also found that the reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities. Mantel correlation between bacterial diversity and soil chemical properties for four treatments showed that the changes in soil microbial community composition were well explained by soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable organic C and total extractable nitrogen (N). These results suggested that the effects of biochar amendment on soil bacterial communities were highly time-dependent. Our study highlighted the acclimation of soil bacteria on receiving repeated biochar amendment, leading to similar bacterial diversity and community structure among 9-years old applied biochar, repeated biochar treatments and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen
- Genecology, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Viet Nam.
| | - Helen M Wallace
- Genecology, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xu
- Genecology, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, Queensland 4670, Australia
| | - Lukas Van Zwieten
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia; Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Zhe Han Weng
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Rongxiao Che
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Iman Tahmasbian
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Genecology, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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