1
|
Wiley B, Batabyal A, Lukowiak K. Fluoride alters feeding and memory in Lymnaea stagnalis. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2021; 208:267-277. [PMID: 34854952 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-021-01528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride occurs naturally in the terrestrial and aquatic environment and is a major component in tea. Prolonged fluoride exposure alters metabolic activity in several aquatic invertebrates. For the first time, we investigated the effects of fluoride on cognition in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis as it is capable of a higher form of associative learning called configural learning. We first showed suppressive effects of black tea and fluoride on feeding (i.e., rasping) behavior. We then investigated how fluoride may alter cognition by introducing fluoride (1.86 mg/L) before, during, after, a day before and a week before the snails underwent the configural learning training procedure. Our results show that any 45-min exposure to fluoride (before, during or after a configural learning training procedure) blocks configural learning memory formation in Lymnaea and these effects are long-lasting. One week after a fluoride exposure, snails are still unable to form a configural learning memory and this result is upheld when the snails are exposed to a lower concentration of fluoride, one which is naturally occurring in ponds that a wild strain of Lymnaea can be found (0.3 mg/L). Thus, fluoride obstructs configural learning memory formation in a fluoride-naïve, inbred strain of Lymnaea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bevin Wiley
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Anuradha Batabyal
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Ken Lukowiak
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weber A, von Randow M, Voigt AL, von der Au M, Fischer E, Meermann B, Wagner M. Ingestion and toxicity of microplastics in the freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis: No microplastic-induced effects alone or in combination with copper. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128040. [PMID: 33297056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of microplastics with freshwater biota and their interaction with other stressors is still not very well understood. Therefore, we investigated the ingestion, excretion and toxicity of microplastics in the freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis. MP ingestion was analyzed as tissues levels in L. stagnalis after 6-96 h of exposure to 5-90 μm spherical polystyrene (PS) microplastics. To understand the excretion, tissue levels were determined after 24 h of exposure followed by a 12 h-7 d depuration period. To assess the toxicity, snails were exposed for 28 d to irregular PS microplastics (<63 μm, 6.4-100,000 particles mL-1), both alone and in combination with copper as additional stressor. To compare the toxicity of natural and synthetic particles, we also included diatomite particles. Microplastics ingestion and excretion significantly depended on the particle size and the exposure/depuration duration. An exposure to irregular PS had no effect on survival, reproduction, energy reserves and oxidative stress. However, we observed slight effects on immune cell phagocytosis. Exposure to microplastics did not exacerbate the reproductive toxicity of copper. In addition, there was no pronounced difference between the effects of microplastics and diatomite. The tolerance towards microplastics may originate from an adaptation of L. stagnalis to particle-rich environments or a general stress resilience. In conclusion, despite high uptake rates, PS fragments do not appear to be a relevant stressor for stress tolerant freshwater gastropods considering current environmental levels of microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annkatrin Weber
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marvin von Randow
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna-Lisa Voigt
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcus von der Au
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Department Aquatic Chemistry, Am Mainzer 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division Inorganic Trace Analysis, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emily Fischer
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Department Aquatic Chemistry, Am Mainzer 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Björn Meermann
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Department Aquatic Chemistry, Am Mainzer 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division Inorganic Trace Analysis, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pollo FE, Cibils-Martina L, Otero MA, Baraquet M, Grenat PR, Salas NE, Martino AL. Anuran tadpoles inhabiting a fluoride-rich stream: diets and morphological indicators. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02003. [PMID: 31304418 PMCID: PMC6600003 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We in situ assessed the influence of natural fluoride concentrations in lotic freshwater ecosystems on diet and morphology of Boana cordobae tadpoles. Two streams were sampled in Argentina: Los Vallecitos stream (LF-LV) and Los Cerros Negros stream (HF-CN) with low and high fluoride levels, respectively. We captured tadpoles of B. cordobae in each stream using nets. Body weight (BW), total length (TL) and body condition (BC) of tadpoles was registered. Food items were identified to genus level and assigned to functional traits. Tadpoles showed significant differences in TL between streams, with smaller individuals in HF-CN, while did not show differences in BW and BC. The diet of tadpoles consisted mostly of microalgae. In tadpoles from HF-CN stream the proportion of cyanobacteria was lower than tadpoles from LF-LV. In relation to functional traits, small algae, high profile and colonial algae were more abundant in HF-CN. Algae attached by pads showed a higher proportion in HF-CN diets and stalked algae were more abundant in LF-LV. The differences in TL and diet of tadpoles can be attributed to differences in algal community composition, with genera that are affected by high concentrations of natural fluoride; for example cyanobacteria. The low algal richness registered in HF-CN stream does not affect the physiological state of the tadpoles, possibly because of a higher algal density in HF-CN diets. However, in further studies it would be important to evaluate the population status of B. cordobae from the HF-CN, because a small body length of tadpoles could have consequences at the population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Favio E Pollo
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Sustentabilidad Ambiental (ICBIA), UNRC-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Luciana Cibils-Martina
- Botánica Sistemática, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Sustentabilidad Ambiental (ICBIA), UNRC-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Manuel A Otero
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Sustentabilidad Ambiental (ICBIA), UNRC-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Mariana Baraquet
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Sustentabilidad Ambiental (ICBIA), UNRC-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Grenat
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Sustentabilidad Ambiental (ICBIA), UNRC-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Nancy E Salas
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adolfo L Martino
- Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Comparative immunological study of the snail Physella acuta (Hygrophila, Pulmonata) reveals shared and unique aspects of gastropod immunobiology. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:108-119. [PMID: 29920433 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater snail Physella acuta was selected to expand the perspective of comparative snail immunology. Analysis of Physella acuta, belonging to the Physidae, taxonomic sister family to Planorbidae, affords family-level comparison of immune features characterized from Biomphalaria glabrata, the model snail often used to interpret general gastropod immunity. To capture constitutive and induced immune sequences, transcriptomes of an individual Physella acuta snail, 12 h post injection with bacteria (Gram -/+) and one sham-exposed snail were recorded with 454 pyrosequencing. Assembly yielded a combined reference transcriptome containing 24,288 transcripts. Additionally, genomic Illumina reads were obtained (∼15-fold coverage). Recovery of transcripts for two macin-like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), 12 aplysianins, four LBP/BPIs and three physalysins indicated that Physella acuta shares a similar organization of antimicrobial defenses with Biomphalaria glabrata, contrasting a modest AMP arsenal with a diverse set of antimicrobial proteins. The lack of predicted transmembrane domains in all seven Physella acuta PGRP transcripts supports the notion that gastropods do not employ cell-bound PGRP receptors, different from ecdysozoan invertebrates yet similar to mammals (vertebrate deuterostomes). The well-documented sequence diversification by Biomphalaria glabrata FREPs (immune lectins comprising immunoglobulin superfamily domains and fibrinogen domains), resulting from somatic mutations of a large FREP gene family is hypothesized to be unique to Planorbidae; Physella acuta revealed just two bonafide FREP genes and these were not diversified. Furthermore, the flatworm parasite Echinostoma paraensei, confirmed here to infect both snail species, did not evoke from Physella acuta the abundant expression of FREP proteins at 2, 4 and 8 days post exposure that was previously observed from Biomphalaria glabrata. The Physella acuta reference transcriptome also revealed 24 unique transcripts encoding proteins consisting of a single fibrinogen-related domain (FReDs), with a short N-terminal sequence encoding either a signal peptide, transmembrane domain or no predicted features. The Physella acuta FReDs are candidate immune genes based on implication of similar sequences in immunity of bivalve molluscs. Overall, comparative analysis of snails of sister families elucidated the potential for taxon-specific immune features and investigation of strategically selected species will provide a more comprehensive view of gastropod immunity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Daiwile AP, Sivanesan S, Tarale P, Naoghare PK, Bafana A, Parmar D, Kannan K. Role of fluoride induced histone trimethylation in development of skeletal fluorosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 57:159-165. [PMID: 29275289 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to fluoride has been associated with the development of skeletal fluorosis. Limited reports are available on fluoride induced histone modification. However, the role of histone modification in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis is not investigated. In the present study, we have investigated the role of fluoride induced histone modification on fluorosis development using human osteosarcoma (HOS) cell line. The expression of histone methyltransferases (EHMT1 and EHZ2) and level of global histone trimethylation (H3K9 and H3K27) have been assessed and observed to be increased significantly after fluoride exposure (8 mg/L). EpiTect chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) qPCR Array (Human TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway) was performed to assess the H3K9 trimethylation at promoter regions of pathway-specific genes. H3K9 ChIP PCR array analysis identified hyper H3K9 trimethylation in promoter regions of TGFBR2 and SMAD3. qPCR and STRING analysis was carried out to determine the repressive epigenetic effect of H3K9 trimethylation on expression pattern and functional association of identified genes. Identified genes (TGFBR2 and SMAD3) showed down-regulation which confirms the repressive epigenetic effect of promoter H3K9 hyper trimethylation. Expression of two other vital genes COL1A1 and MMP13 involved in TGFBR2-SMAD signaling pathway was also found to be down-regulated with a decrease in expression of TGFBR2 and SMAD3. STRING analysis revealed functional association and involvement of identified genes TGFBR2, SMAD3, COL1A1 and MMP13 in the collagen and cartilage development/morphogenesis, connective tissue formation, bio-mineral tissue development, endochondral bone formation, bone and skeletal morphogenesis. In conclusion, present investigation is a first attempt to link fluoride induced hyper H3K9 tri-methylation mediated repression of TGFBR2 and SMAD3 with the development of skeletal fluorosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul P Daiwile
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Saravanadevi Sivanesan
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India.
| | - Prashant Tarale
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Pravin K Naoghare
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Amit Bafana
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Devendra Parmar
- Developmental Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Krishnamurthi Kannan
- Environmental Impact Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| |
Collapse
|