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Heat Stress Tolerance: A Prerequisite for the Selection of Drought- and Low Phosphorus-Tolerant Common Beans for Equatorial Tropical Regions Such as Ghana. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182352. [PMID: 36145753 PMCID: PMC9501186 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Forty common bean accessions of multiple genetic background trait attribution regarding drought tolerance were selected based on mean yield performance from an earlier field test evaluation conducted using augmented RCBD. The various bean genotypes were further evaluated with phosphorus and water treatment interactions at two different levels for each factor. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 × 40 factorial using RCBD with three replications under screen-house conditions at the CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi-Ghana. The objective was to select drought- and low phosphorus-tolerant common bean genotypes; which are suitable for tropical climatic conditions. The results showed that common bean with drought and heat trait tolerance survived, developed flowers and podded with seeds to physiological maturity, whilst genotypes with no heat trait tolerance had impaired reproductive structural development and growth disruption; thus, flowers could not develop into pods with seeds. This reproductive developmental anomaly was due to prevailing average daytime and nighttime high temperatures of 35.45 °C and 29.95 °C, respectively, recorded during the growth period, which reduced pollen fertility. Among the 478 experimental bean plants (two plants were missing) analyzed, 141 (29.5%) did not flower, 168 (35.18%) had their pods dropped whilst 99 (20.7%) podded with seeds to achieve physiological maturity. The podded-seed bean genotypes were of the SEF-line pedigrees, which were shown to be heat and drought-tolerant. Meanwhile, bean accessions with SMC, SMN and SMR code prefixes did not pod into seed despite possessing drought-tolerant traits. The effects of interactions between phosphorus and water treatments on the root characteristics of drought-tolerant common bean were as follows: root length, root surface area, average root diameter and root volume growth extensions doubled dimensionally under optimum conditions (P2W2) compared to stressed conditions (P1W1). The results from the present study identified four SEF-bean genotypes, namely, SEF15, SEF 47, SEF 60 and SEF 62, as superior yield performers, even under low soil phosphorus and in extreme high temperature conditions. Therefore, breeding for the selection of drought- and low-P-tolerant common bean for tropical agro-ecological environments must also consider concomitant heat stress tolerance.
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Tapia G, Méndez J, Inostroza L, Lozano C. Water Shortage Affects Vegetative and Reproductive Stages of Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris) Chilean Landraces, Differentially Impacting Grain Yield Components. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:749. [PMID: 35336629 PMCID: PMC8948600 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water availability for agricultural use is currently a global problem that worsens with climate change in several regions of the world. Among grain legumes, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is the most cultivated in the worldwide. The Chilean germplasm of common bean is characterized by tolerance to water stress. Here, we analyzed a selection of nine ancient Chilean landraces in regard to their drought tolerance, simulating optimal (OW) and restricted watering (RW) in a Mediterranean environment. Phenological, growth, and yield traits were recorded, and correlation analysis was performed. Accordingly, leaf temperature and osmotic potential were higher under RW, while the leaf chlorophyll content decreased in all landraces. Physiological maturity days and seed-filling days were lower in RW than in OW. This similarly occurred with the grain yield. The % yield reduction was negatively correlated with the % pod reduction and the relative rate of leaf expansion (RLAE) reduction. However, the 100-seed weight value was not significantly modified by water treatment (p > 0.05). For instance, landraces that preferred to fill the grain with a lower rate of leaf expansion showed a lower loss in grain yield under drought conditions. These results suggest that the resource partitioning between growing leaves, flowers, and developing pods in Chilean landraces is variable, affecting the common bean drought tolerance.
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Losa A, Vorster J, Cominelli E, Sparvoli F, Paolo D, Sala T, Ferrari M, Carbonaro M, Marconi S, Camilli E, Reboul E, Waswa B, Ekesa B, Aragão F, Kunert K. Drought and heat affect common bean minerals and human diet—What we know and where to go. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Losa
- Council for Research in Agriculture and Economics Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA‐GB) Montanaso Italy
| | - Juan Vorster
- Department Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Eleonora Cominelli
- National Research Council Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR‐IBBA) Milan Italy
| | - Francesca Sparvoli
- National Research Council Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR‐IBBA) Milan Italy
| | - Dario Paolo
- National Research Council Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR‐IBBA) Milan Italy
| | - Tea Sala
- Council for Research in Agriculture and Economics Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA‐GB) Montanaso Italy
| | - Marika Ferrari
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition (CREA‐AN) Rome Italy
| | - Marina Carbonaro
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition (CREA‐AN) Rome Italy
| | - Stefania Marconi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition (CREA‐AN) Rome Italy
| | - Emanuela Camilli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition (CREA‐AN) Rome Italy
| | | | - Boaz Waswa
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) CIAT Regional Office for Africa Nairobi Kenya
| | - Beatrice Ekesa
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) CIAT Regional Office for Africa Nairobi Kenya
| | | | - Karl Kunert
- Department Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
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Valdisser PAMR, Müller BSF, de Almeida Filho JE, Morais Júnior OP, Guimarães CM, Borba TCO, de Souza IP, Zucchi MI, Neves LG, Coelho ASG, Brondani C, Vianello RP. Genome-Wide Association Studies Detect Multiple QTLs for Productivity in Mesoamerican Diversity Panel of Common Bean Under Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:574674. [PMID: 33343591 PMCID: PMC7738703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.574674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is an important abiotic factor limiting common bean yield, with great impact on the production worldwide. Understanding the genetic basis regulating beans' yield and seed weight (SW) is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of superior cultivars. The main objectives of this work were to conduct genome-wide marker discovery by genotyping a Mesoamerican panel of common bean germplasm, containing cultivated and landrace accessions of broad origin, followed by the identification of genomic regions associated with productivity under two water regimes using different genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches. A total of 11,870 markers were genotyped for the 339 genotypes, of which 3,213 were SilicoDArT and 8,657 SNPs derived from DArT and CaptureSeq. The estimated linkage disequilibrium extension, corrected for structure and relatedness (r 2 sv ), was 98.63 and 124.18 kb for landraces and breeding lines, respectively. Germplasm was structured into landraces and lines/cultivars. We carried out GWASs for 100-SW and yield in field environments with and without water stress for 3 consecutive years, using single-, segment-, and gene-based models. Higher number of associations at high stringency was identified for the SW trait under irrigation, totaling ∼185 QTLs for both single- and segment-based, whereas gene-based GWASs showed ∼220 genomic regions containing ∼650 genes. For SW under drought, 18 QTLs were identified for single- and segment-based and 35 genes by gene-based GWASs. For yield, under irrigation, 25 associations were identified, whereas under drought the total was 10 using both approaches. In addition to the consistent associations detected across experiments, these GWAS approaches provided important complementary QTL information (∼221 QTLs; 650 genes; r 2 from 0.01% to 32%). Several QTLs were mined within or near candidate genes playing significant role in productivity, providing better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying these traits and making available molecular tools to be used in marker-assisted breeding. The findings also allowed the identification of genetic material (germplasm) with better yield performance under drought, promising to a common bean breeding program. Finally, the availability of this highly diverse Mesoamerican panel is of great scientific value for the analysis of any relevant traits in common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Arielle Mendes Ribeiro Valdisser
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S. F. Müller
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | | | | | - Tereza C. O. Borba
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabela Pavanelli de Souza
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Maria Imaculada Zucchi
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- Agribusiness Technology Agency of São Paulo State, Agriculture and Food Supply Secretary of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudio Brondani
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
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