1
|
Biodegradation of aromatic pollutants meets synthetic biology. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 6:153-162. [PMID: 34278013 PMCID: PMC8260767 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously distributed microorganisms are natural decomposers of environmental pollutants. However, because of continuous generation of novel recalcitrant pollutants due to human activities, it is difficult, if not impossible, for microbes to acquire novel degradation mechanisms through natural evolution. Synthetic biology provides tools to engineer, transform or even re-synthesize an organism purposefully, accelerating transition from unable to able, inefficient to efficient degradation of given pollutants, and therefore, providing new solutions for environmental bioremediation. In this review, we described the pipeline to build chassis cells for the treatment of aromatic pollutants, and presented a proposal to design microbes with emphasis on the strategies applied to modify the target organism at different level. Finally, we discussed challenges and opportunities for future research in this field.
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin X, Kengara FO, Yue X, Wang F, Schroll R, Munch JC, Gu C, Jiang X. Shorter interval and multiple flooding-drying cycling enhanced the mineralization of 14C-DDT in a paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 676:420-428. [PMID: 31048172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
DDT and its main metabolites (DDTs) are still the residual contaminants in soil. Sequential anaerobic-aerobic cycling has long been approved for enhancing the degradation of DDTs in soil. However, there is a lack of study investigating whether anaerobic-aerobic cycling would enhance the mineralization of DDT, and what a kind of anaerobic-aerobic management regimes would be optimal. To fill these gaps, the fate of 14C-DDT under different flooding-drying cycles was examined in a paddy soil by monitoring its mineralization and bioavailability. The results show the total mineralization of 14C-DDT in 314 days accounted for 1.01%, 1.30%, and 1.41%, individually for the treatments subjected to one, two, and three flooding-drying cycles. By comparison, the treatment subjected to the permanently aerobic phase had only 0.12% cumulative mineralization. Shorter intervals and multiple flooding-drying cycles enhanced the mineralization of 14C-DDT, however, reduced its bioavailability. Therefore, the enhanced mineralization was explained from an abiotic pathway as predicted by the one-electron reduction potential (E1), the Fukui function for nucleophilic attack (f+) and the steps for anaerobic decarboxylation. From a practical view, it is important to investigate how the anaerobic-aerobic interval and frequency would affect the degradation and mineralization of DDT, which is very essential in developing remediation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School of the Environment Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210008, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
| | - Fredrick O Kengara
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Maseno 40105, Kenya
| | - Xianhui Yue
- School of the Environment Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Reiner Schroll
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Jean C Munch
- Lehrstuhl für Grünlandlehre, Technische Universität München, Fresing D-85350, Germany
| | - Cheng Gu
- School of the Environment Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|