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Smetana S, Ristic D, Pleissner D, Tuomisto HL, Parniakov O, Heinz V. Meat substitutes: Resource demands and environmental footprints. RESOURCES, CONSERVATION, AND RECYCLING 2023; 190:106831. [PMID: 36874227 PMCID: PMC9936781 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The modern food system is characterized with high environmental impact, which is in many cases associated with increased rates of animal production and overconsumption. The adoption of alternatives to meat proteins (insects, plants, mycoprotein, microalgae, cultured meat, etc.) might potentially influence the environmental impact and human health in a positive or negative way but could also trigger indirect impacts with higher consumption rates. Current review provides a condensed analysis on potential environmental impacts, resource consumption rates and unintended trade-offs associated with integration of alternative proteins in complex global food system in the form of meat substitutes. We focus on emissions of greenhouse gases, land use, non-renewable energy use and water footprint highlighted for both ingredients used for meat substitutes and ready products. The benefits and limitations of meat substitution are highlighted in relation to a weight and protein content. The analysis of the recent research literature allowed us to define issues, that require the attention of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy Smetana
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Germany
| | - Dusan Ristic
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Germany
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Austria
| | - Daniel Pleissner
- Institute for Food and Environmental Research (ILU e. V.), Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Hanna L. Tuomisto
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Finland
| | | | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Germany
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Brand TS, Kruger A, Theron PG. The effect of different dietary flavourants and salt levels on feed intake of juvenile ostriches. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2022; 93:124-130. [DOI: 10.36303/jsava.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- TS Brand
- Animal Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Western Cape Government,
South Africa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University,
South Africa
| | - A Kruger
- Animal Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Western Cape Government,
South Africa
- Agricultural Management Unit, School for Natural Resource Management, Nelson Mandela University,
South Africa
| | - PG Theron
- Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University,
South Africa
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Andretta I, Hickmann FMW, Remus A, Franceschi CH, Mariani AB, Orso C, Kipper M, Létourneau-Montminy MP, Pomar C. Environmental Impacts of Pig and Poultry Production: Insights From a Systematic Review. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:750733. [PMID: 34778435 PMCID: PMC8578682 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.750733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig and poultry production systems have reached high-performance levels over the last few decades. However, there is still room for improvement when it comes to their environmental sustainability. This issue is even more relevant due to the growing demand for food demand since this surplus food production needs to be met at an affordable cost with minimum impact on the environment. This study presents a systematic review of peer-reviewed manuscripts that investigated the environmental impacts associated with pig and poultry production. For this purpose, independent reviews were performed and two databases were constructed, one for each production system. Previous studies published in peer-reviewed journals were considered for the databases if the method of life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to pig (pork meat) or poultry (broiler meat or table eggs) production to estimate at least the potential effects of climate change, measured as CO2-eq. Studies considering the cradle-to-farm gate were considered, as well as those evaluating processes up to the slaughterhouse or processor gate. The pig database comprised 55 studies, while 30 publications were selected for the poultry database. These studies confirmed feeding (which includes the crop cultivation phase, manufacturing processes, and transportation) as the main contributor to the environmental impact associated with pig and poultry production systems. Several studies evaluated feeding strategies, which were indicated as viable alternatives to mitigate the environmental footprint associated with both production chains. In this study, precision feeding techniques are highlighted given their applicability to modern pig and poultry farming. These novel feeding strategies are good examples of innovative strategies needed to break paradigms, improve resource-use efficiency, and effectively move the current productive scenario toward more sustainable livestock systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Andretta
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe M W Hickmann
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Aline Remus
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina H Franceschi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre B Mariani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Catiane Orso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy
- Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Candido Pomar
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Taherzadeh-Shalmaei N, Sharifi M, Ghasemi-Mobtaker H, Kaab A. Evaluating the energy use, economic and environmental sustainability for smoked fish production from life cycle assessment point of view (case study: Guilan Province, Iran). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53833-53846. [PMID: 34037935 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine energy use patterns, evaluating the environmental impacts and economic evaluation of smoked fish production in the Guilan Province. The initial data were collected from seven smokehouses in the north of Iran through face-to-face questionnaire method, while the required data related to the background system were extracted from the Ecoinvent 2.2 database. The total input and output energy result showed the use is examined to be 98,143.29 and 60,048 MJ ton-1, respectively. About 79.31% of this was generated by fish, 7.7% from electricity, and 6.7% from wood chip. Life cycle assessment results showed that fish and salt emissions have the most notable effects. Among damage categories, the largest emissions were related to human health (37.77%). Climate change (30.35%), resource (28.78%), and ecosystem quality (0.92%) are next phases. The rates of nonrenewable, fossil in CExD method calculated 35,426.61 MJ ton-1. Economic analysis of production was carried out. Some economic indicators have been calculated, and the benefit to cost ratio was obtained as 3.09. Due to the justification of fisheries management, these issues merit further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Taherzadeh-Shalmaei
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifi
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Hassan Ghasemi-Mobtaker
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Kaab
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Demirtas M. Evaluation of energy use and carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of fossil fuels and agricultural chemicals for paste tomato cultivation in the Bursa region of Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27132-27146. [PMID: 33502709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the fossil fuel consumption, energy use, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in per unit production area (ha) considering the petroleum products (PP) directly used and the chemical fertilizers and pesticides for the cultivation of paste tomatoes in open-field conditions in Bursa region of Turkey. The primary data of the study consisted of data collected by making face-to-face surveys with the producers of paste tomatoes in the Bursa region. The direct energy inputs and CO2 emissions related to diesel fuel and lubricant oil consumptions of engines of agricultural tractors for cultivation operations and the indirect energy inputs and CO2 emissions related to the manufacturing of chemical fertilizers and plant growth regulators used for plant nutrition and pesticides used for plant protection were determined for paste tomato cultivation. A total of 288.6 L diesel fuel and 0.067 L lubrication oil are consumed per hectare when using tools and machinery in paste tomato production. A total of 408 kg of chemical fertilizers and 15.5 kg of pesticides are used per hectare in paste tomato production in the Bursa region of Turkey. A total of 2343.45 MJ/ha and 2700.5 MJ/ha indirect energy is used in the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, respectively. A total of 792.43 kg and 0.189 kg CO2 is released as a result of diesel fuel and lubricant oil consumptions. For the production of one kilogram of paste tomato, 2.68 grams (g) diesel fuel and lubricating oil, 175.02 kilojoules (kJ) of energy is consumed, and 15.88 g CO2 is released in the Bursa region of Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Demirtas
- General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Universities district, Dumlupınar avenue, Eskisehir road 10. km, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Environmental sustainability assessment of poultry productions through life cycle approaches: A critical review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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