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Wan G, Zhang F, Wang R, Wei L, Huang J, Lu X, Cai Z, Wang L, Zhong Z, Xu Y, Ruan J. Metabolism and residue differences of Enrofloxacin between the brain and peripheral tissues and the resulting brain damages in crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2023; 46:42-51. [PMID: 36089776 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the metabolism and residue differences of Enrofloxacin (ENR) at two doses between the brain and peripheral tissues (liver, kidney, and muscle) along with the brain damages caused by ENR in crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze). The concentrations of ENR in tissues were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Relying on the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining method, brain damages caused by the drug were evaluated by the section of pathological tissue. Metabolism and residue results showed that ENR could be detected in the brain throughout the experiment both at median lethal dose (LD50 at 96 h, 1949.84 mg/kg) and safe dose (SD, 194.98 mg/kg), as well as in the three peripheral tissues. The maximum residue at LD50 followed the decreasing order of liver >kidney > brain > muscle. Although the Cmax of ENR at SD in the brain was significantly lower than that in other peripheral tissues (p < .05), it still reached 41.91 μg/g. The T1/2 of ENR in brain tissue at the same dose was both shorter than that in peripheral tissues. At LD50 , the amount of ENR residues in brain was lower than that in peripheral tissues on the whole, except that it had been higher than in the muscle for the first 3 h. At SD, the drug residue in brain tissue was lower than that in peripheral tissues from 12 h to 960 h, but it exceeded the muscle and kidney at 1 h and 6 h, respectively. At 960 h, the residual amount of ENR at SD in the brain was 0.09 μg/g, while it was up to 0.15 μg/g following the oral administration at LD50 . Demonstrated by the HE staining, there were pathological lesions caused by ENR in the brain at LD50 , which were characterized by sparse neural network and increased staining of glial cells. The present results indicated that metabolism and residue of ENR in crucian carp were affected by the tissue type and drug dosage, and the ENR could also bring about histopathological changes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Wan
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Runping Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianzhen Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinmin Lu
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Ganzhou City, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhihuan Cai
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Ganzhou City, Ganzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Pengze County, Jiujiang City, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiming Ruan
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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He H, Qian T, Shen R, Yu J, Li K, Liu Z, Jeppesen E. Piscivore stocking significantly suppresses small fish but does not facilitate a clear-water state in subtropical shallow mesocosms: A biomanipulation experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156967. [PMID: 35764152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomanipulation by piscivore stocking has been widely used to combat eutrophication in north temperate lakes, but its applicability in warm lakes has not yet been well elucidated. Here, we used experimental mesocosms to test the effects of a native benthi-piscivore (snakehead, Channa argus Cantor) on water clarity under subtropical conditions where small omni-benthivorous fish like crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.) prevail. Our results showed that, despite of a great reduction of crucian carp biomass, snakehead stocking did not create a strong trophic cascade as neither (herbivorous) zooplankton biomass nor their grazing pressure, indicated by biomass ratio of (herbivorous) zooplankton to phytoplankton, changed significantly. Moreover, snakehead stocking significantly increased water non-algal turbidity as well as nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations, suggesting that these benthi-piscivores also disturbed sediments like crucian carp did. Our study showed that biomanipulation by stocking of snakehead does not facilitate clear-water state in warm shallow lakes, even on the short-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu He
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Tian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ruijie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jinlei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Kuanyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg 8600, Denmark; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin 33731, Turkey
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Han Y, Jeppesen E, Lürling M, Zhang Y, Ma T, Li W, Chen K, Li K. Combining lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) and submerged macrophytes alleviates water quality deterioration in the presence of omni-benthivorous fish. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 314:115036. [PMID: 35421721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioturbation by omni-benthivorous fish often causes sediment resuspension and internal nutrient loading, which boosts phytoplankton growth and may lead to a shift of clear water lakes to a turbid state. Removal of large-sized omni-benthivorous individuals is a lake restoration measure that may revert lakes from a turbid to a clear water state, yet the rapid reproduction of small omni-benthivorous fish in tropical and subtropical shallow lakes may impede such lake recovery. In lake restoration, also a combination of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) and planting submerged macrophytes has been used that may synergistically improve lake water quality. How the combined effect works in the presence of small omni-benthivorous fish has not been studied, which is needed given the high abundances of small omni-benthivorous fish in (sub)tropical lakes. We conducted a two-by-two factorial mesocosm experiment with and without the submerged macrophytes Vallisneria natans and with and without LMB, all in the presence of small crucian carp. At the end of the experiment, turbidity in the V. natans, LMB and combined LMB + V. natans treatments had decreased by 0.8%, 30.3% and 30.9%, respectively, compared with the controls. In addition, the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) release from the sediment in the combined LMB + V. natans treatments had decreased substantially, by 97.4% and 94.3%, respectively, compared with the control. These N and P fluxes were also significantly lower in the combined LMB + V. natans treatments than in the sole LMB treatment (88.1% and 82.3%) or the V. natans treatment (93.2% and 90.3%). Cyanobacteria in the overlying water in the combined LMB + V. natans treatments significantly decreased by 84.1%, 63.5% and 37.0%, respectively, compared with the control and the sole LMB and V. natans treatments. Our results show that LMB and submerged macrophytes complement each other in effectively improving the water quality, even in the presence of small omni-benthivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, 100049, China; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey; Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli-Mersin, 33731, Turkey
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700, AA, Netherlands
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Tingting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 40410, China
| | - Kunquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Kuanyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, 100049, China
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Han Y, Li Q, He H, Gu J, Wu Z, Huang X, Zou X, Zhang Y, Li K. Effect of juvenile omni-benthivorous fish (Carassius carassius) disturbance on the efficiency of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) for eutrophication control: a mesocosm study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21779-21788. [PMID: 33411272 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) is widely used for eutrophication control and has demonstrated good efficiency in some eutrophic lakes. However, the efficiency of LMB on eutrophication control in some eutrophic lakes, where the structure of food webs is mainly dominated by omni-benthivorous fish, remains ambiguous. Omni-benthivorous fish usually disturbs sediment and promotes the release of internal nutrients, the effect of which on the efficacy of LMB remains to be studied. Thus, a 30-day mesocosm experiment was conducted to determine whether omni-benthivorous fish disturbance and LMB would cause antagonistic responses. LMB significantly reduced dissolved P concentration in overlying water, converting mobile P to bound P in the surface layer of sediment in the absence of crucian carp (Carassius carassius). However, there were significantly negative interaction effects between LMB and crucian carp. Although LMB still effectively reduced the total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations of overlying water in the presence of crucian carp, it had limited efficacy on inhibiting the increased concentrations of suspended solids, particulate nutrients, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) due to crucian carp disturbance. Furthermore, the crucian carp disturbance also increased the risk of mobile P releasing from surface sediment, whether with or without LMB application. The results indicated that the efficacy of LMB was insufficient to offset the negative effect of omni-benthivorous fish disturbance on eutrophication control. Hence, the omni-benthivorous fish also need to be considered for eutrophication control in shallow eutrophic lakes. Some measures need to be taken to control the biomass of omni-benthivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu He
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Gu
- College of Geographical Sciences, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Zhaoshi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kuanyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Li M, Bi X, Li R. Editorial special issue on cyanobacterial blooms and water ecological restoration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42195-42197. [PMID: 32986194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangdong Bi
- College of Fishery, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhui Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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