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Chen K, Xue W, Di X, Sun T, Gao W, Sun Y. Effects of nitrogen forms on Cd uptake and tolerance in wheat seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 936:173451. [PMID: 38782266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydroponic experiment was conducted to explore the effects of two nitrogen (N) levels with five nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) ratios on the growth status and Cd migration patterns of wheat seedlings under Cd5 and Cd30 level. Results showed that higher Cd were detrimental to the growth, absorption of K and Ca, expression of genes mediating NO3--N and NH4+-N transport, which also increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in shoots and roots of wheat seedlings. Higher N treatment alleviated the inhibitory effects of Cd stress on the biomass, root development, photosynthesis and increased the tolerance index of wheat seedlings. The ratio of NO3--N and NH4+-N was the main factor driving Cd accumulation in wheat seedlings, the combined application of NH4+-N and NO3--N was more conducive for the growth, nitrogen assimilation and Cd tolerance to the Cd stressed wheat seedlings. Increased NO3--N application rates significantly up-regulated the expression levels of TaNPF2.12, TaNRT2.2, increased NH4+-N application rates significantly up-regulated the expression levels of TaAMT1.1. The high proportion of NO3--N promoted the absorption of K, Ca and Cd in the shoots and roots of wheat seedlings, while NH4+-N was the opposite. Under low Cd conditions, the NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio of 1:1 was more conducive to the growth of wheat seedlings, under high Cd stress, the optimal of NO3--N to NH4+-N was 1:2 for inhibiting the accumulation of Cd in wheat seedlings. The results indicated that increasing NH4+-N ratio appropriately could inhibit wheat Cd uptake by increasing NH4+, K+ and Ca2+ for K and Ca channels, and promote wheat growth by promoting N assimilation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Weijie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Xuerong Di
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, No.218 Ping'an Avenue, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Lab of Soil Pollution Control & Remediation, Henan Agricultural University, No.218 Ping'an Avenue, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Yuebing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Zhao L, Zhao X, Huang L, Liu X, Wang P. Transcriptome analysis of Pennisetum americanum × Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum americanum leaves in response to high-phosphorus stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:635. [PMID: 38971717 PMCID: PMC11227232 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Excessive phosphorus (P) levels can disrupt nutrient balance in plants, adversely affecting growth. The molecular responses of Pennisetum species to high phosphorus stress remain poorly understood. This study examined two Pennisetum species, Pennisetum americanum × Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum americanum, under varying P concentrations (200, 600 and 1000 µmol·L- 1 KH2PO4) to elucidate transcriptomic alterations under high-P conditions. Our findings revealed that P. americanum exhibited stronger adaption to high-P stress compared to P. americanum× P. purpureum. Both species showed an increase in plant height and leaf P content under elevated P levels, with P. americanum demonstrating greater height and higher P content than P. americanum× P. purpureum. Transcriptomic analysis identified significant up- and down-regulation of key genes (e.g. SAUR, GH3, AHP, PIF4, PYL, GST, GPX, GSR, CAT, SOD1, CHS, ANR, P5CS and PsbO) involved in plant hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism, peroxisomes, flavonoid biosynthesis, amino acid biosynthesis and photosynthesis pathways. Compared with P. americanum× P. purpureum, P. americanum has more key genes in the KEGG pathway, and some genes have higher expression levels. These results contribute valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms governing high-P stress in Pennisetum species and offer implications for broader plant stress research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Puchang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, Pan M, Yu Y, Guo Y, Ge Q, Hao W. Physiology and transcriptome analysis of Artemisia argyi adaptation and accumulation to soil cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116397. [PMID: 38714088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The soil pollution caused by cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to the environment. Therefore, identifying plants that can effectively remediate Cd-contaminated soils is urgently needed. In this study, physiological, cytological, and transcriptome analyses were performed to comprehensively understand the changes in Artemisia argyi under Cd stress. Physiological and cytological analyses indicated that A. argyi maintained normal growth with intact cell structure under Cd stress levels up to 10 mg/kg. Cytological analysis showed that Cd precipitation in leaf cells occurred in the cytoplasm and intercellular spaces. As the levels of Cd stress increased, proline accumulation in leaves increased, whereas soluble protein and soluble sugar initially increased, followed by a subsequent decline. The translocation factor was above 1 under 0.6 mg/kg Cd stress but decreased when it exceeded this concentration. Transcriptome analyses revealed several crucial Cd-influenced pathways, including amino acid, terpenoid, flavonoid, and sugar metabolisms. This study not only proved that A. argyi could enrich Cd in soil but also revealed the response of A. argyi to Cd and its resistance mechanisms, which provided insight into the cleaner production of A. argyi and the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yinghui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meiqi Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yaxin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qing Ge
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Wenfang Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Wang J, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhu FL, Sheng J, Diao Y. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the cadmium tolerance mechanism of Miscanthus lutarioriparia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302940. [PMID: 38748679 PMCID: PMC11095687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Miscanthus lutarioriparia is a promising energy crop that is used for abandoned mine soil phytoremediation because of its high biomass yield and strong tolerance to heavy metals. However, the biological mechanism of heavy metal resistance is limited, especially for applications in the soil restoration of mining areas. Here, through the investigation of soil cadmium(Cd) in different mining areas and soil potted under Cd stress, the adsorption capacity of Miscanthus lutarioriparia was analyzed. The physiological and transcriptional effects of Cd stress on M. lutarioriparia leaves and roots under hydroponic conditions were analyzed. The results showed that M. lutarioriparia could reduce the Cd content in mining soil by 29.82%. Moreover, different Cd varieties have different Cd adsorption capacities in soils with higher Cd concentration. The highest cadmium concentrations in the aboveground and belowground parts of the plants were 185.65 mg/kg and 186.8 mg/kg, respectively. The total chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities all showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. In total, 24,372 differentially expressed genes were obtained, including 7735 unique to leaves, 7725 unique to roots, and 8912 unique to leaves and roots, which showed differences in gene expression between leaves and roots. These genes were predominantly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, ABC transporters, photosynthesis and the metal ion transport pathway. In addition, the number of upregulated genes was greater than the number of downregulated genes at different stress intervals, which indicated that M. lutarioriparia adapted to Cd stress mainly through positive regulation. These results lay a solid foundation for breeding excellent Cd resistant M. lutarioriparia and other plants. The results also have an important theoretical significance for further understanding the detoxification mechanism of Cd stress and the remediation of heavy metal pollution in mining soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Feng lin Zhu
- Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Jiajing Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Diao
- School of life science and technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
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Hussain M, Hafeez A, Rizwan M, Rasheed R, Seleiman MF, Ashraf MA, Ali S, Farooq U, Nafees M. Pervasive influence of heavy metals on metabolic pathways is potentially relieved by hesperidin to enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34526-34549. [PMID: 38709411 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, is a potent antioxidant, metal chelator, mediator of signaling pathways, and regulator of metal uptake in plants. The study examined the ameliorative effects of HSP (100 μM) on Bassia scoparia grown under excessive levels of heavy metals (zinc (500 mg kg-1), copper (400 mg kg-1), cadmium (100 mg kg-1), and chromium (100 mg kg-1)). The study clarifies the underlying mechanisms by which HSP lessens metabolic mayhem to enhance metal stress tolerance and phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia. Plants manifested diminished growth because of a drop in chlorophyll content and nutrient acquisition, along with exacerbated deterioration of cellular membranes reflected in elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and relative membrane permeability. Besides the colossal production of cytotoxic methylglyoxal, the activity of lipoxygenase was also higher in plants under metal toxicity. Conversely, hesperidin suppressed the production of cytotoxic ROS and methylglyoxal. Hesperidin improved oxidative defense that protected membrane integrity. Hesperidin caused a more significant accumulation of osmolytes, non-protein thiols, and phytochelatins, thereby rendering metal ions non-toxic. Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide endogenous levels were intricately maintained higher in plants treated with HSP. Hesperidin increased metal accumulation in Bassia scoparia and thereby had the potential to promote the reclamation of metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Hafeez
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud F Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21023, Jiangsu, China
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Xiao Y, Luan H, Lu S, Xing M, Guo C, Qian R, Xiao X. Toxic effects of atmospheric deposition in mining areas on wheat seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:69. [PMID: 38342840 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Storage and transportation of coal, as well as operation of coal-fired power plants, produce amounts of metallic exhaust that may lead to different atmospheric environment in the overlapped areas of farmland and coal resource (OAFCR) environment. To investigate the effects of different atmospheric environment in the OAFCR region (north of Xuzhou) on wheat seedlings (AK-58), a box experiment was conducted and compared to an area far from the OAFCR (south of Xuzhou). The study revealed that (1) compared to the southern suburb of Xuzhou, the fresh and dry weight, activities of photosynthetic enzymes and POD of wheat seedlings in the OAFCR reduced obviously. (2) Significantly higher levels of Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu were found in the shoots and roots of wheat seedlings in the OAFCR, with lower transfer factor for heavy metals (except Cd and As) in comparison to those in the southern suburb. And the bioconcentration factors of heavy metals (except As) in wheat seedlings in the OAFCR were significantly higher. (3) Nearly 90% of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, and Cr) absorbed by wheat were stored in cell walls and soluble fractions, with significantly higher contents of Cu and Cr in wheat seedlings' cell walls and higher contents of Pb, Zn, and Cd in soluble components found in the OAFCR. Our results showed that atmospheric deposition in the mining area has a certain toxic effect on wheat seedlings, and this study provides a theoretical basis for OAFCR crop toxicity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijun Luan
- Geological Survey of Anhui Province (Anhui Institute of Geological Sciences), Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Shougan Lu
- Jiangsu Founder Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, 221132, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjie Xing
- Tianjin Huankeyuan Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunying Guo
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruoxi Qian
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, L5B 4P2, Canada
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
- Observation and Research Station of Jiangsu Jiawang Resource Exhausted Mining Area Land Restoration and Ecological Succession, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Cheng B, Zhang J, Wang C, Li J, Chen F, Cao X, Yue L, Wang Z. Selenium nanomaterials alleviate Brassica chinensis L cadmium stress: Reducing accumulation, regulating microorganisms and activating glutathione metabolism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140320. [PMID: 37775052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural heavy metal contamination can cause significant crop damage, highlighting the urgent need to mitigate its negative effects. Under Cd2+ stress, selenium nanomaterials (Se NMs, 2 mg kg-1) can significantly improve Brassica chinensis L. root growth and vigor, enhance photosynthesis (31.4%), and increase biomass. Se NMs treatment also reduces Brassica chinensis L root and shoot Cd concentration by 67.2 and 72.9%, respectively. This reduction is mainly due to the gene expression of Cd2+ absorption (BcITR1 and BcHMA2) which was down-regulated 51.9 and 67.0% by Se NMs, respectively. Meanwhile, Se NMs can increase the abundance of Cd-resistant microorganisms (Gemmatimonas, RB41, Haliangium, Gaiella, and Steroidobacter) in rhizosphere soil while also reducing Cd migration from soil to plants. Additionally, Se NMs also contribute to reducing ROS accumulation by improving the oxidation-reduction process between GSH and GSSG through enhancing γ-ECS (15.6%), GPx (50.2%) and GR (97.3%) activity. Remarkably, crop Se content can reach 50.8 μg/100 g, which fully meets the standards of Se-rich vegetables. These findings demonstrate the potential of Se NMs in relieving heavy metal stress, while simultaneously increasing crop Se content, making it a promising technology for sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxu Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jiangshan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, And School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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Pan T, Chen X, Kong C, Gao D, Liu W, Liao H, Junaid M, Wang J. Single and combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and PCB-52 to the aquatic duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166482. [PMID: 37619732 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
As nanoplastics and persistent organic pollutants are broadly distributed in aquatic ecosystems and pose a potential threat to ecosystem, most pertinent studies have focused on aquatic animals, while studies on freshwater plants have been rarely reported. Therefore, we analyzed the single and combined toxicological impacts of various concentrations of 80 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) including 0.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L and polychlorinated biphenyl-52 (PCB-52, 2,2',5,5'- tetrachlorobiphenyl) at 0.1 mg/L on the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza (S. polyrhiza) after a 10-day hydroponic experiment. Laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM) showed the accumulation of PS-NPs mainly in the root surface and the lower epidermis of leaves, and the enrichment of PS-NPs was aggravated by the presence of PCB-52. PS-NPs at 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L alone or in combination with PCB-52 notably inhibited the growth of S. polyrhiza, reduced the synthesis of chlorophylls a and b, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and induced osmotic imbalance (soluble protein and soluble sugar contents) (p < 0.05). However, a single treatment with low levels of PS-NPs had positive effects on the growth (0.5 mg/L) and photosynthetic systems (0.5, 5 mg/L) of S. polyrhiza, while co-exposure exacerbated the damaging impacts of PS-NPs on the antioxidant defense system of S. polyrhiza, which was more pronounced in the roots. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that plant growth parameters were positively correlated with chlorophyll a and b content and negatively correlated with soluble sugars, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and carotenoid content (p < 0.05). These results provide data to improve the understanding of the single and combined ecotoxicological effects of nanoplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aquatic plants and their application in phytoremediation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xikun Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunmiao Kong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wanjing Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongping Liao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Institute of Eco-Environmental Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zhang J, Liang X, Xie S, Liang Y, Liang S, Zhou J, Huang Y. Effects of hydrogen sulfide on the growth and physiological characteristics of Miscanthus sacchariflorus seedlings under cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115281. [PMID: 37499387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
As a gas signal molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can participate in many physiological and biochemical processes such as seed germination and photosynthesis regulation. In order to explore the regulatory effect of H2S on the growth of Miscanthus sacchariflorus under Cd stress and to provide sufficient theoretical basis for the complex action of H2S and energy plants to remediate soil pollution. In this experiment, the effects of different concentrations of H2S (10, 25, 50, 100, 300, 400, 500 μmol·L-1 (μM)) pretreatment on the growth index, lipid peroxidation degree, chlorophyll (Chl) content, osmoregulation substance content, antioxidant enzyme activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant content of M. sacchariflorus under Cd stress (50 μM) were studied. The results showed that under Cd stress, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the body of M. sacchariflorus was unbalanced, and the growth were severely inhibited, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly decreased, and the content of osmoregulation substance, ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) significantly increased. With the increase of H2S concentration, its effect on resisting Cd stress can be shown as "low concentration promotes, high concentration inhibits". When the concentration of H2S ≤ 300 μM, although there was no significant difference in Cd content compared with Cd treatment alone, it can regulate the activities of peroxidase (POD), SOD, glutathione reductase (GR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), increase the content of osmoregulation substances, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and the transformation rate of AsA and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) to reduce the oxidative damage and improve the growth and photosynthetic indicators of plants; when the concentration of H2S ≥ 400 μM, Cd content in the ground and root decreased significantly, but the transport factor increased significantly, the growth status of M. sacchariflorus were more severely inhibited by the combined stress of H2S and Cd. In this experiment, it was found that the concentration of H2S pretreatment ≤ 300 μM could regulate the growth of M. sacchariflorus under Cd stress to normal level, and when the treatment concentration was 50 μM, the effect was the best. It will provide a new idea for the treatment of contaminated soil by energy plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Xiaoning Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Simin Xie
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yupeng Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jihai Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yongjie Huang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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10
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Abbas S, Basit F, Tanwir K, Zhu X, Hu J, Guan Y, Hu W, Sheteiwy MS, Yang H, El-Keblawy A, El-Tarabily KA, AbuQamar SF, Lou J. Exogenously applied sodium nitroprusside alleviates nickel toxicity in maize by regulating antioxidant activities and defense-related gene expression. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13985. [PMID: 37616000 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) stress adversely affects plant growth and biomass accumulation, posturing severe menace to crop production and food security. The current study aimed to determine the putative role of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in mitigating Ni-induced phytotoxicity and identify the underlying defense mechanisms in maize, which are poorly understood. Our findings showed that SNP significantly augmented plant growth, biomass, and photosynthesis-related attributes (Fv/Fm, Fm, qP ETR, and ΦPSII) through diminishing Ni uptake and translocation in root and shoot tissues of maize under Ni stress conditions. In parallel, exogenous SNP substantially relieved maize seedlings from Ni-induced stress by enhancing enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and GPX) and non-enzymatic (phenol and flavonoids) antioxidant defenses and reducing oxidative stress indicators (MDA and H2 O2 ). The results revealed that SNP treatment increased the content of organic osmolyte glycine betaine and the activity of GST, concomitantly with ATP and ionic exchange capacity (including Ca2+ -ATPase and Mg2+ -ATPase), advocating its sufficiency to promote plant growth and avert Ni-induced stress in maize plants. The only exception was the production of organic acids (citric, oxalic, malic, and formic acids), which was reduced as SNP treatment relieved maize seedlings from Ni-induced oxidative damage. The application of SNP also displayed higher expression of defense- and detoxifying-related genes than in control treatments. Together, our data highlighted the mechanism involved in the amelioration of Ni toxicity by SNP; thus, suggesting a potential role of SNP in mitigating the adverse effects of Ni-contaminated soils to boost growth and yield of crop plants, that is, maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Abbas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farwa Basit
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Seed Science Center, The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kashif Tanwir
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Seed Science Center, The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Seed Science Center, The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Guan
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Seed Science Center, The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Hu
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Seed Science Center, The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Haishui Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jianfeng Lou
- Shanghai Agro-Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai, China
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11
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Sun S, Feng Y, Huang G, Zhao X, Song F. Rhizophagus irregularis enhances tolerance to cadmium stress by altering host plant hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) photosynthetic properties. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120309. [PMID: 36181931 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread and specialized soil symbiotic fungi, and the establishment of their symbiotic system is of great importance for adversity adaptation. To reveal the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of AMF-crop symbionts in response to heavy metal stress, this experiment investigated the effects of Rhizophagus irregularis (Ri) inoculation on the growth, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) at a Cd concentration of 80 mg/kg. The results showed that (1) under Cd stress, the biomass of each plant structure in the Ri treatment was significantly higher than that in the noninoculation treatment (P < 0.05); (2) under Cd stress, the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, PSII efficiency, apparent electron transport rate and photochemical quenching coefficient of the Ri inoculation group reached a maximum, with increases ranging from 1% to 28%; (3) inoculation of Ri significantly reduced Cd enrichment in leaves, which in turn significantly increased the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, electron transfer rate, net photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic intensity, protecting PSII (P < 0.05); and (4) by measuring the light response curves of different treatments, the light saturation points of hemp inoculated with the Ri treatment reached 1448.4 μmol/m2/s, and the optical compensation point reached 24.0 μmol/m2/s under Cd stress. The Ri-hemp symbiont demonstrated high adaptability to weak light and high utilization efficiency of strong light under Cd stress. Our study showed that Ri-hemp symbiosis improves adaptation to Cd stress and promotes plant growth by regulating the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of plants. The Ri-hemp symbiosis is a promising technology for improving the productivity of Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Sun
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jining, 272400, China
| | - Yuhan Feng
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jining, 272400, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jining, 272400, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jining, 272400, China
| | - Fuqiang Song
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jining, 272400, China.
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12
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Zhou W, Xin J, Tian R. Photosynthetic response, antioxidase activity, and cadmium uptake and translocation in Monochoria korsakowii with cadmium exposure. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:2974-2986. [PMID: 36515200 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To identify the tolerance mechanisms of wetland plants exposed to heavy metal, a hydroponic experiment was used to investigate variations in photosynthetically physiological parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of Monochoria korsakowii exposed to 0.05, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 mM Cd2+ for 7 d. The Cd2+ concentrations in the plant roots, stems, and leaves were also investigated. Cd2+ exposure significantly decreased the total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, and stomatal conductance, while stomatal limitation value had the opposite trend (P < 0.05). During Cd2+ stress, ascorbate peroxidase activity significantly increased (P < 0.05). The translocation factor for Cd2+ was significantly lower than that of the control, and both were less than 1 (P < 0.05). Cd2+ stress damaged the photosynthetic apparatus in the leaves. During Cd2+ stress, M. korsakowii alleviated oxidative stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as APX. Under 0.45 mM Cd2+ stress, increased heat dissipation was responsible for alleviating the photooxidative damage to photosynthetic organs in the leaves. Meanwhile, the majority of Cd2+ was immobilized in the roots, thus alleviating excessive Cd2+ phytotoxicity in the aboveground parts. Generally, M. korsakowii has potential application in the phytoremediation of low-cadmium-polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- The authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jianpan Xin
- The authors contributed equally to this work
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13
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Zhu M, Bin J, Ding H, Pan D, Tian Q, Yang X, Wang L, Yue Y. Insights into the trihelix transcription factor responses to salt and other stresses in Osmanthus fragrans. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:334. [PMID: 35488201 PMCID: PMC9055724 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen plant with high ornamental and economic values. However, they are easily injured by salt stress, which severely limits their use in high salinity areas. The trihelix transcription factor (TF) family, as one of the earliest discovered TF families in plants, plays an essential part in responses to different abiotic stresses, and it has potential functions in improving the salt-tolerance capability of O. fragrans. RESULTS In this study, 56 trihelix genes (OfGTs) were first identified in O. fragrans and then divided into five subfamilies in accordance with a phylogenetic tree analysis. The OfGTs were found to be located randomly on the 20 O. fragrans chromosomes, and an analysis of gene replication events indicated that the OfGT gene family underwent strong purification selection during the evolutionary process. The analysis of conserved motifs and gene structures implied that the OfGT members in the same subfamily have similar conserved motifs and gene structures. A promoter cis-elements analysis showed that all the OfGT genes contained multiple abiotic and hormonal stress-related cis-elements. The RNA-seq data suggested that the OfGTs have specific expression patterns in different tissues, and some were induced by salt stress. The qRT-PCR analysis of 12 selected OfGTs confirmed that OfGT1/3/21/33/42/45/46/52 were induced, with OfGT3/42/46 being the most highly expressed. In addition, OfGT42/OfGT46 had a co-expression pattern under salt-stress conditions. OfGT3/42/46 were mainly localized in the nuclei and exhibited no transcriptional activities based on the analysis of the subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assay. Furthermore, the expression levels of most of the selected OfGTs were induced by multiple abiotic and hormonal stresses, and the expression patterns of some OfGTs were also highly correlated with gibberellic acid and methyl jasmonate levels. Remarkably, the transient transformation results showed lower MDA content and increased expression of ROS-related genes NbAPX in transgenic plants, which implying OfGT3/42/46 may improve the salt tolerance of tobacco. CONCLUSIONS The results implied that the OfGT genes were related to abiotic and hormonal stress responses in O. fragrans, and that the OfGT3/42/46 genes in particular might play crucial roles in responses to salt stress. This study made a comprehensive summary of the OfGT gene family, including functions and co-expression patterns in response to salt and other stresses, as well as an evolutionary perspective. Consequently, it lays a foundation for further functional characterizations of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bin
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianggui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Province, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Xin J, Zhao C, Li Y, Ma S, Tian R. Transcriptional, secondary metabolic, and antioxidative investigations elucidate the rapid response mechanism of Pontederia cordata to cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113236. [PMID: 35093809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pontederia cordata is previously demonstrated a cadmium (Cd) tolerant plant, and also a candidate for the phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated wetlands. A hydroponic experiment was used to investigate variations in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, antioxidative activities, chlorophyll and secondary metabolite contents, and transcriptome in leaves of the plant exposed to 0.44 mM Cd2+ for 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h. Under Cd2+ exposure for 24 h, the plant presented a favorable photosynthesis by maintaining relatively higher antioxidant activity. Cd2+ exposure for 48 h accelerated membrane peroxidation, declined photosynthetic pigment content, and increased polyphenol oxidase activity, thus interfering with photosynthesis. The phenylpropane pathway served as a chemical rather than physical defense against Cd2+ in the plant leaves. A total of 20,998, 4743, and 4413 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the groups of 0 h vs 24 h, 0 h vs 48 h, and 24 h vs 48 h, respectively. The primary metabolic pathways of the DEGs were mainly enriched in nitrogen metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, as well as pentose-phosphate pathway, contributing to a stable cell structure and function. Flavonoid biosynthesis directly or indirectly played an antioxidative role against Cd2+ in the leaves. Forty-nine transcription factor (TF) families were identified, and 8 TF families were shared among the three groups. The present study provides a theoretical foundation for investigating tolerance mechanisms of wetland plants to Cd stress in terms of secondary metabolism and transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpan Xin
- Colledge of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu Zhao
- Colledge of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Colledge of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sisi Ma
- Colledge of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runan Tian
- Colledge of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Li Y, Xin J, Ge W, Tian R. Tolerance mechanism and phytoremediation potential of Pistia stratiotes to zinc and cadmium co-contamination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 24:1259-1266. [PMID: 35037542 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.2025201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pistia stratiotes can not only effectively remediate eutrophic water, but also displays strong absorption and bioaccumulation abilities for heavy metals. However, it has not been well-understood how the plant resists the combined stress of heavy metals. In these experiments, the morphophysiological traits, the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle, the glyoxalase system, and the contents of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) were investigated under Zn and Cd co-pollution. The AsA-GSH cycle and glyoxalase system could coordinately alleviate the oxidative and carbonyl stress, which was identified as an important tolerance mechanism. With Zn50Cd1, Zn50Cd10, Zn100Cd1, and Zn100Cd10 treatments for 18 days, 90.75-93.69% of Zn and 88.13-96.96% Cd accumulated in the roots. Treatments with Zn50Cd50, and Zn100Cd50 for 18 days resulted in a decrease of stress tolerance and chlorophyll content in leaves, an increase in plasma membrane permeability, a massive accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG), and visible toxic symptoms. Additionally, the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) for roots and shoots and the translocation factor (TF) were >1, and the content of Cd in shoots was no <100 mg·kg-1. This indicated P. stratiotes was a Cd hyperaccumulator and have great potential for the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated water.Novelty statement Pistia stratiotes, a cadmium hyperaccumulator, has great application potential for the phytoremediation of zinc and cadmium co-polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianpan Xin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjia Ge
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Runan Tian
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
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16
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Hong M, Gong JL, Cao WC, Fang R, Cai Z, Ye J, Chen ZP, Tang WW. The combined toxicity and mechanism of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nano zinc oxide toward the cabbage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:3540-3554. [PMID: 34389955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The natural environment is a complex system, and there is never only one kind of nanomaterial entering the environment. However, many studies only considered the plant toxicity of one kind of nanomaterial and do not consider the influence of two or more kinds of nanomaterials on plant toxicity. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are two common and widely used nanomaterials in water environment, so these two kinds of nanomaterials were chosen to explore the effects of their combined toxicity on cabbage. This study investigated the toxicity of MWCNTs combined with ZnO NPs on cabbage by measuring the length of roots and stems, chlorophyll content, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activity, metal element content, and root scanning electron microscopy. The toxicity of single MWCNTs toward cabbage was attributed to direct oxidative damage, while the toxicity of single ZnO NPs toward cabbage was due to the high level of zinc concentration. Moreover, ZnO NPs (10 mg/L) ameliorated MWCNTs toxicity toward cabbage by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes. ZnO NPs (50 and 100 mg/L) because of the high content of zinc disrupted the balance of other metals in the plant and increased the toxicity of MWCNTs. In conclusion, the combined toxicity of different concentrations and types of nanomaterials should be considered for a more accurate assessment of environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Lai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-Cheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Cai
- Hunan Qing Zhi Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ye
- Hunan Qing Zhi Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Wang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
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Niu XY, Wang SK, Zhou J, Di DL, Sun P, Huang DZ. Inoculation With Indigenous Rhizosphere Microbes Enhances Aboveground Accumulation of Lead in Salix integra Thunb. by Improving Transport Coefficients. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:686812. [PMID: 34421844 PMCID: PMC8371752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.686812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of plant-microbial remediation of heavy metals is restricted by the difficulty of exogenous microbes to form large populations and maintain their long-term remediation efficiency. We therefore investigated the effects of inoculation with indigenous heavy-metal-tolerant rhizosphere microbes on phytoremediation of lead (Pb) by Salix integra. We measured plant physiological indexes and soil Pb bioavailability and conducted widespread targeted metabolome analysis of strains to better understand the mechanisms of enhance Pb accumulation. Growth of Salix integra was improved by both single and co-inoculation treatments with Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus niger, increasing by 14% in co-inoculated plants. Transfer coefficients for Pb, indicating mobility from soil via roots into branches or leaves, were higher following microbial inoculation, showing a more than 100% increase in the co-inoculation treatment over untreated plants. However, Pb accumulation was only enhanced by single inoculation treatments with either Bacillus sp. or Aspergillus niger, being 10% greater in plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. compared with uninoculated controls. Inoculation mainly promoted accumulation of Pb in aboveground plant parts. Superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities as well as the proline content of inoculated plants were enhanced by most treatments. However, soil urease and catalase activities were lower in inoculated plants than controls. Proportions of acid-soluble Pb were 0.34 and 0.41% higher in rhizosphere and bulk soil, respectively, of plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. than in that of uninoculated plants. We identified 410 metabolites from the microbial inoculations, of which more than 50% contributed to heavy metal bioavailability; organic acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates formed the three major metabolite categories. These results suggest that both indigenous Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus niger could be used to assist phytoremediation by enhancing antioxidant defenses of Salix integra and altering Pb bioavailability. We speculate that microbial strains colonized the soil and plants at the same time, with variations in their metabolite profiles reflecting different living conditions. We also need to consider interactions between inocula and the whole microbial community when applying microbial inoculation to promote phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shao-Kun Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dong-Liu Di
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Pai Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Da-Zhuang Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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18
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Bashri G, Singh S, Prasad SM, Ansari MJ, Usmani S, Alfarraj S, Alharbi SA, Brestic M. Kinetin mitigates Cd-induced damagesto growth, photosynthesis and PS II photochemistry of Trigonella seedlings by up-regulating ascorbate-glutathione cycle. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249230. [PMID: 34157031 PMCID: PMC8219128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins (CKs) plays a key role in plant adaptation over a range of different stress conditions. Here, we analyze the effects of a cytokinin (i.e., kinetin, KN) on the growth, photosynthesis (rate of O2 evolution), PS II photochemistry and AsA-GSH cycle in Trigonella seedlings grown under cadmium (Cd) stress. Trigonella seeds were sown in soil amended with 0, 3 and 9 mg Cd kg-1 soil, and after 15 days resultant seedlings were sprayed with three doses of KN, i.e.,10 μM (low, KNL), 50 μM (medium, KNM) and 100 μM (high, KNH); subsequent experiments were performed after 15 days of KN application, i.e., 30 days after sowing. Cadmium toxicity induced oxidative damage as shown by decreased seedling growth and photosynthetic pigment production (Chl a, Chl b and Car), rates of O2-evolution, and photochemistry of PS II of Trigonella seedlings, all accompanied by an increase in H2O2 accumulation. Supplementation with doses of KN at KNL and KNM significantly improved the growth and photosynthetic activity by reducing H2O2 accumulation through the up-regulation AsA-GSH cycle. Notably, KNL and KNM doses stimulated the rate of enzyme activities of APX, GR and DHAR, involved in the AsA-GSH cycle thereby efficiently regulates the level of AsA and GSH in Trigonella grown under Cd stress. The study concludes that KN can mitigate the damaging effects of Cd stress on plant growth by maintaining the redox status (>ratios: AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG) of cells through the regulation of AsA-GSH cycle at 10 and 50 μM KN under Cd stress conditions. At 100 μM KN, the down-regulation of AsA-GSH cycle did not support the growth and PS II activity of the test seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gausiya Bashri
- Department of Botany, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
- * E-mail: (GB); (SMP); (MJA)
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Botany, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Sheo Mohan Prasad
- Department of Botany, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
- * E-mail: (GB); (SMP); (MJA)
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
- * E-mail: (GB); (SMP); (MJA)
| | - Salma Usmani
- Department of Biochemistry, D.K.M College for Women (Autonomous), Vellore, India
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
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19
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Gao Y, Li H, Song Y, Zhang F, Lu Y, Peng F, Yang Z. Decisive Enzymes and Prediction Models for the Glutathione Content in Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) Exposed to Cadmium. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11855-11862. [PMID: 32986429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In plants, glutathione (GSH) is crucial for the detoxification and tolerance of heavy metals. However, the change characteristics and decisive enzymes involved in GSH metabolism under heavy metal exposure are still unclear. Based on long-term exposure cultivation of spinach and monitoring of the change trends of enzyme activity and GSH contents in response to cadmium (Cd) stress, these issues were clarified. Spinach goes through three statuses in sequence in response to Cd stress, that is, perception status (PS), response status (RS), and new stable status. With the increase in the Cd concentration, the durations of the PS and RS and the time to reach the peaks in the roots were shorter. However, the durations of the PS and the time to reach the peaks in the leaves were longer. The enzyme activities changed significantly in response to diverse Cd stress in RS. γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was vital to the GSH content in roots. Glutathione synthase was important for the GSH content in leaves. The results of this study provide valuable information to find an efficient way to perform GSH adjustments to fulfill the goal of ensuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yang Song
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Fangyuan Peng
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
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