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da Silva WJ, Diel LF, Pilz-Júnior HL, de Lemos AB, de Freitas Milagres T, Pereira ILG, Bernardi L, Ribeiro BM, Lamers ML, Schrekker HS, da Silva OS. Imidazolium salt's toxic effects in larvae and cells of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Sci Rep 2024; 14:15421. [PMID: 38965297 PMCID: PMC11224238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors of arboviruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika, causing a major impact on global economic and public health. The main way to prevent these diseases is vector control, which is carried out through physical and biological methods, in addition to environmental management. Although chemical insecticides are the most effective strategy, they present some problems such as vector resistance and ecotoxicity. Recent research highlights the potential of the imidazolium salt "1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazolium chloride" (C18MImCl) as an innovative and environmentally friendly solution against Ae. aegypti. Despite its promising larvicidal activity, the mode of action of C18MImCl in mosquito cells and tissues remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate its impacts on Ae. aegypti larvae and three cell lines of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, comparing the cellular effects with those on human cells. Cell viability assays and histopathological analyses of treated larvae were conducted. Results revealed the imidazolium salt's high selectivity (> 254) for mosquito cells over human cells. After salt ingestion, the mechanism of larval death involves toxic effects on midgut cells. This research marks the first description of an imidazolium salt's action on mosquito cells and midgut tissues, showcasing its potential for the development of a selective and sustainable strategy for vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Junior da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Francisco Diel
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Harry Luiz Pilz-Júnior
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bittencourt de Lemos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio de Freitas Milagres
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Igor Luiz Gonçalves Pereira
- Laboratory of Technological Processes and Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Bernardi
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bergmann Morais Ribeiro
- Department of Celular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Henri Stephan Schrekker
- Laboratory of Technological Processes and Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Onilda Santos da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Aremu HK, Oyewole OI, Adenmosun A, Oyafajo L, Iwalewa ZO, Ademola A, Azeez LA, Adeleke MA. Bioactive components in Psidium guajava extracts elicit biotoxic attributes and distinct antioxidant enzyme modulation in the larvae of vectors of lymphatic filariasis and dengue. Exp Parasitol 2024; 261:108766. [PMID: 38677581 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Control of mosquito vectors, which have caused a global disease burden, has employed various methods. However, the challenges posed by current physical and chemical methods have raised concerns about vector control programs, leading to the search for alternative methods that are less toxic, eco-friendly, and cost-effective. This study investigated the larvicidal potential of aqueous, methanol, and ethylacetate extracts of Guava (Psidium guajava) against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Functional group and phytochemical characterization were performed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and GC-MS analysis to identify the bioactive compounds in the extracts. Larval bioassays were conducted using WHO standard procedures at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 125, and 250 mg/L, and mortality was recorded after 24, 48, and 72 h. Additionally, antioxidant enzyme profiles in the larvae were studied. All of the solvent extracts showed larvicidal activity, with the methanol extract exhibiting the highest mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, followed by aqueous and ethylacetate extracts. FTIR spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of OH, C-H of methyl and methylene, CO and CC. The GC-MS analysis indicated that the methanol, aqueous, and ethylacetate extracts all had 27, 34, and 43 phytoactive compounds that were effective at causing larvicidal effects, respectively. Different concentrations of each extract significantly modulated the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione in larvae. This study's findings indicate the potential for developing environmentally friendly vector control products using the bioactive components of extracts from P. guajava leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun K Aremu
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria; Trans-Saharan Disease Research Centre, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria.
| | - Olu I Oyewole
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Adenmosun
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Lateefah Oyafajo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Zarat O Iwalewa
- Department of Zoology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Adenike Ademola
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Luqmon A Azeez
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Aremu HK, Dare CA, Adekale IA, Adetunji BD, Musa DA, Azeez LA, Oyewole OI. Phytomediated stress modulates antioxidant status, induces overexpression of CYP6M2, Hsp70, α-esterase, and suppresses the ABC transporter in Anopheles gambiae (sensu stricto) exposed to Ocimum tenuiflorum extracts. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302677. [PMID: 38696463 PMCID: PMC11065307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of phytoactive compounds in the management of malarial vectors holds promise for the development of innovative and efficient alternatives. Nevertheless, the molecular and physiological responses that these bioactive substances induce remain underexplored. This present study investigated the toxicity of different concentrations of aqueous and methanol extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum against larvae of Anopheles gambiae (sensu stricto) and unraveled the possible underlying molecular pathways responsible for the observed physiological effects. FTIR and GCMS analyses of phytoactive compounds in aqueous and methanol crude extracts of O. tenuiflorum showed the presence of OH stretching vibration, C = C stretching modes of aromatics and methylene rocking vibration; ring deformation mode with high levels of trans-β-ocimene, 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene in aqueous extract and 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde, 1,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane and o-cymene in methanol extract. The percentage mortality upon exposure to methanol and aqueous extracts of O. tenuiflorum were 21.1% and 26.1% at 24 h, 27.8% and 36.1% at 48 h and 36.1% and 45% at 72 h respectively. Using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), down-regulation of ABC transporter, overexpression of CYP6M2, Hsp70, and α-esterase, coupled with significantly increased levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH, were observed in An. gambiae (s.s.) exposed to aqueous and methanol extracts of O. tenuiflorum as compared to the control. Findings from this study have significant implications for our understanding of how An. gambiae (s.s.) larvae detoxify phytoactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun K. Aremu
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Trans-Saharan Disease Research Centre, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria
| | | | - Idris A. Adekale
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Dickson A. Musa
- Trans-Saharan Disease Research Centre, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Nigeria
| | - Luqmon A. Azeez
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Olu I. Oyewole
- Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Wei Z, Chen F, Ding H, Liu W, Yang B, Geng J, Chen S, Guo S. Comparative Analysis of Six Chloroplast Genomes in Chenopodium and Its Related Genera ( Amaranthaceae): New Insights into Phylogenetic Relationships and the Development of Species-Specific Molecular Markers. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2183. [PMID: 38137004 PMCID: PMC10743295 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Species within the genus Chenopodium hold significant research interest due to their nutritional richness and salt tolerance. However, the morphological similarities among closely related species and a dearth of genomic resources have impeded their comprehensive study and utilization. In the present research, we conduct the sequencing and assembly of chloroplast (cp) genomes from six Chenopodium and related species, five of which were sequenced for the first time. These genomes ranged in length from 151,850 to 152,215 base pairs, showcased typical quadripartite structures, and encoded 85 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 1 pseudogene, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Compared with the previously published sequences of related species, these cp genomes are relatively conservative, but there are also some interspecific differences, such as inversion and IR region contraction. We discerned 929 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and a series of highly variable regions across 16 related species, predominantly situated in the intergenic spacer (IGS) region and introns. The phylogenetic evaluations revealed that Chenopodium is more closely related to genera such as Atriplex, Beta, Dysphania, and Oxybase than to other members of the Amaranthaceae family. These lineages shared a common ancestor approximately 60.80 million years ago, after which they diverged into distinct genera. Based on InDels and SNPs between species, we designed 12 pairs of primers for species identification, and experiments confirmed that they could completely distinguish 10 related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Fangjun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Hongxia Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Wenli Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiahui Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Shihua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Z.W.); (F.C.); (H.D.); (W.L.); (B.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Shanli Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Vicenço CB, Silvestre WP, Lima TS, Pauletti GF. Insecticidal activity of Cinnamomum camphora Ness and Eberm var. linaloolifera Fujita leaf essential oil and linalool against Anticarsia gemmatalis. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2021.1937353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila B. Vicenço
- Laboratory of Pest Management, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wendel P. Silvestre
- Laboratory of Studies of the Soil, Plant, and Atmosphere System and Plant Metabolism, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago S. Lima
- Laboratory of Studies of the Soil, Plant, and Atmosphere System and Plant Metabolism, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F. Pauletti
- Laboratory of Pest Management, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratory of Studies of the Soil, Plant, and Atmosphere System and Plant Metabolism, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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