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Chen Z, Imran M, Jing G, Wang W, Huang B, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu Q, Zhang Z, Antoniadis V, Shaheen SM, Bolan N, Rinklebe J. Toxic elements pollution risk as affected by various input sources in soils of greenhouses, kiwifruit orchards, cereal fields, and forest/grassland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122639. [PMID: 37778487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing food demand has led to more intensive farming, which threatens our ecosystem and human health due to toxic elements accumulation. This study aimed to estimate the vulnerability of different agricultural systems with unequal high fertilizer input practices regarding toxic element pollution in the greenhouse, kiwifruit orchard, cereal field, and forest/grassland. Soil samples were collected from 181 sites across Shaanxi Province, China, and analyzed for selected characteristics and toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn). The contamination factor (CFx) represents the ratio of the measured value of the toxic element in the soil over the soil background values. The CFx values of all the toxic elements were above background values, while Cd and Hg contamination levels were more severe than those of Zn, Cu, As, Cr, and Pb. Kiwifruit orchards and greenhouse soils were contaminated with Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn, but cereal fields and forest/grassland soils were contaminated with As, Cd, Hg, and Hg. Overall, the cumulative pollution load (PLI) of toxic elements indicated moderate contamination. The cumulative ecological risk (RI) results indicated that greenhouse (178.81) and forest/grassland (156.25) soils were at moderate ecological risks, whereas kiwifruit orchards (120.97) and cereal field (139.72) soils were at low ecological risks. According to a Pearson correlation analysis, Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn were substantially linked with soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and total potassium (TK). The primary sources of toxic elements were phosphate and potash fertilizers, manure, composts, and pesticides in a greenhouse, kiwifruit orchards, and cereal fields, whereas, in forest/grassland soils parent material and atmospheric deposition were the sources identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF). Furthermore, the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) demonstrated that agriculture inputs largely influenced toxic elements accumulation. We conclude that high fertilizer inputs in greenhouse soils should be considered carefully so that toxic element pollution may be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Guanghua Jing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Weixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yingmei Li
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yizhe Yang
- Shaanxi Province Cultivated Land Quality and Agricultural Environment Protection Workstation, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Qiangqiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
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Li Y, Yang J, Guo J, Zheng G, Chen T, Meng X, He M, Ma C. Intercropped Amygdalus persica and Pteris vittata applied with additives presents a safe utilization and remediation mode for arsenic-contaminated orchard soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163034. [PMID: 36990239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping the arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata with fruit trees can safely yield peaches in As-polluted orchards in South China. However, the soil As remediation effects and the related mechanisms of P. vittata intercropped with peach trees with additives in the north temperate zone have rarely been reported. A field experiment was conducted to systematically study the intercropping of peach (Amygdalus persica) with P. vittata with three additives [calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), and Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni residue (SR)] in a typical As-contaminated peach orchard surrounding a historical gold mine in Pinggu County, Beijing City. The results showed that compared with monoculture (PM) and intercropping without addition (LP), the remediation efficiency of P. vittata intercropping was significantly increased by 100.9 % (CMP) to 293.5 % (ADP). CMP and ADP mainly compete with available As (A-As) adsorbed to the surface of Fe-Al oxide through PO43-, while SR might activate A-As by enhancing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in P. vittata rhizospheres. The photosynthetic rates (Gs) of intercropped P. vittata were significantly positively correlated with pinna As. The intercropping mode applied with the three additives did not obviously affect fruit quality, and the net profit of the intercropping mode (ADP) reached 415,800 yuan·ha-1·a-1. The As content in peaches was lower than the national standard in the intercropping systems. Comprehensive analysis showed that A. persica intercropped with P. vittata applied with ADP is better than other treatments in improving risk reduction and agricultural sustainability. In this study, a theoretical and practical basis is provided for the safe utilization and remediation of As-contaminated orchard soil in the north temperate zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Li
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Junmei Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, PR China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Meng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Mengke He
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, PR China.
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