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Pashaei M, Hesari M, Shackebaei D, Godini A. Cardioprotective effects of losartan and diminazene against the ischemia/reperfusion injury in hyperthyroidism rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:383-390. [PMID: 38377482 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces high levels of thyroid hormone. Heart diseases are one of the main complications of hyperthyroidism. Several studies have shown that losartan (LOS) and diminazene aceturate (DIZE) possess cardioprotection effects against cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. The research aimed to investigate the cardioprotection of LOS, DIZE, and their combination in the case of levothyroxine (LT4)-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Hyperthyroidism was induced by LT4 in drinking water (12 mg/L) for 28 days. LOS (10 mg/kg, orally) and/or DIZE (15 mg/kg, subcutaneously) were administrated in rats with hyperthyroidism for 28 days. Decreased serum creatine kinase myoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase levels and cardiac hypertrophy by DIZE and combination therapy in hyperthyroidism rats have been reported. Cardiac hemodynamic findings showed that DIZE and its combination with LOS decreased the LT4-mediated left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), rate pressure product (RPP), and RPP recovery percentage. Elevated cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation were confirmed by decreasing cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increasing the total oxidative stress and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. SOD activity and TNF-α level were reversed by LOS and DIZE administration, respectively. Generally, DIZE and combination therapy with LOS improved cardiac dysfunction caused by hyperthyroidism in rats, whereas LOS alone has not been able to effectively respond to this dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosayeb Pashaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahvash Hesari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Dareuosh Shackebaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aliashraf Godini
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Flórez-Fernández N, Rodríguez-Coello A, Latire T, Bourgougnon N, Torres MD, Buján M, Muíños A, Muiños A, Meijide-Faílde R, Blanco FJ, Vaamonde-García C, Domínguez H. Anti-inflammatory potential of ulvan. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126936. [PMID: 37722645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Green seaweeds are a widespread group of marine macroalgae that could be regarded as biorenewable source of valuable compounds, in particular sulfated polysaccharides like ulvans with interesting biological properties. Among them, anti-inflammatory activity represents an interesting target, since ulvans could potentially avoid side effects of conventional therapies. However, a great variability in ulvan content, composition, structure and properties occurs depending on seaweed specie and growth and processing conditions. All these aspects should be carefully considered in order to have reproducible and well characterized products. This review presents some concise ideas on ulvan composition and general concepts on inflammation mechanisms. Then, the main focus is on the importance of adequate selection of extraction, depolymerization and purification technologies followed by an updated survey on anti-inflammatory properties of ulvans through modulation of different signaling pathways. The potential application in a number of diseases, with special emphasis on inflammaging, gut microbiota dysbiosis, wound repair, and metabolic diseases is also discussed. This multidisciplinary overview tries to present the potential of ulvans considering not only mechanistic, but also processing and applications aspects, trusting that it can aid in the development and application of this widely available and renewable resource as an efficient and versatile anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Flórez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Arianna Rodríguez-Coello
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15011 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Thomas Latire
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, EMR CNRS 6076, UBS, IUEM, F-56000 Vannes, France; Université Catholique de l'Ouest Bretagne Nord, 22200 Guingamp, France.
| | - Nathalie Bourgougnon
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, EMR CNRS 6076, UBS, IUEM, F-56000 Vannes, France.
| | - M Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Manuela Buján
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, 15185 Cerceda, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Alexandra Muíños
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, 15185 Cerceda, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Antonio Muiños
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, 15185 Cerceda, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Rosa Meijide-Faílde
- Grupo de Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Universidade da Coruña, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Campus Oza, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Oza, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Carlos Vaamonde-García
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15011 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Yang YY, An YC, Zhang SY, Huang MY, Ye XQ, Zhao ZH, Liu WC. Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Alginate Oligosaccharides Attenuate Heat Stress-Induced Impairment of Breast Meat Quality via Regulating Oxidative Stress, Metabolome and Ferroptosis in Broilers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2032. [PMID: 38136152 PMCID: PMC10740886 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an indispensable trace element with versatile functions in antioxidant defense in poultry. In our previous study, we synthesized a novel type of biogenic selenium nanoparticle based on alginate oligosaccharides (SeNPs-AOS), and found that the particles are sized around 80 nm with an 8% Se content, and the dietary addition of 5 mg/kg of SeNPs-AOS could effectively alleviate the deleterious effects of heat stress (HS) in broilers, but it is still unclear whether SeNPs-AOS can improve the meat quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of SeNPs-AOS on breast meat quality in heat-stressed broilers, and explore the relevant mechanisms. Birds at the age of 21 days were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates per group (eight broilers per replicate) according to a 2 × 2 experimental design, using HS (33 ± 2 °C, 10 h/day vs. thermoneutral, TN, under 23 ± 1.5 °C) and SeNPs-AOS (5 mg/kg feed vs. no inclusion) as variables. The results showed that dietary SeNPs-AOS decreased the cooking loss (p < 0.05), freezing loss (p < 0.001), and shear force (p < 0.01) of breast muscle in heat-stressed broilers. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis of the breast muscle identified 78 differential metabolites between the HS and HS + SeNPs-AOS groups, mainly enriched in the arginine and proline metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis pathways (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, supplementation with SeNPs-AOS increased the levels of the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the breast muscle (p < 0.05) in broilers under HS exposure. Additionally, SeNPs-AOS upregulated the mRNA expression of CAT, GPX1, GPX3, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), masculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma G (MafG), MafK, selenoprotein W (SELENOW), SELENOK, ferritin heavy polypeptide-1 (FTH1), Ferroportin 1 (Fpn1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (p < 0.05), while it downregulated Kelch-like ECH-associated pro-36 tein 1 (Keap1) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide Synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression (p < 0.05) in broilers under HS. These findings demonstrated that the dietary addition of SeNPs-AOS mitigated HS-induced oxidative damage and metabolite changes in the breast muscle of broilers, which may be related to the regulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and selenoprotein synthesis. In addition, SeNPs-AOS upregulated the breast muscle gene expression of anti-ferroptosis-related molecules in broilers under HS, suggesting that SeNPs-AOS can be used as novel Se supplements against HS in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
| | - Yu-Chen An
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yangjiang Campus, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang 529500, China;
| | - Shu-Yue Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
| | - Meng-Yi Huang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
| | - Xue-Qing Ye
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
| | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.-Y.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (M.-Y.H.); (X.-Q.Y.)
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Tavares JO, Cotas J, Valado A, Pereira L. Algae Food Products as a Healthcare Solution. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:578. [PMID: 37999402 PMCID: PMC10672234 DOI: 10.3390/md21110578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases such as obesity; cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure, myocardial infarction and stroke; digestive diseases such as celiac disease; certain types of cancer and osteoporosis are related to food. On the other hand, as the world's population increases, the ability of the current food production system to produce food consistently is at risk. As a result, intensive agriculture has contributed to climate change and a major environmental impact. Research is, therefore, needed to find new sustainable food sources. One of the most promising sources of sustainable food raw materials is macroalgae. Algae are crucial to solving this nutritional deficiency because they are abundant in bioactive substances that have been shown to combat diseases such as hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Examples of these substances include polysaccharides such as alginate, fucoidan, agar and carrageenan; proteins such as phycobiliproteins; carotenoids such as β-carotene and fucoxanthin; phenolic compounds; vitamins and minerals. Seaweed is already considered a nutraceutical food since it has higher protein values than legumes and soy and is, therefore, becoming increasingly common. On the other hand, compounds such as polysaccharides extracted from seaweed are already used in the food industry as thickening agents and stabilizers to improve the quality of the final product and to extend its shelf life; they have also demonstrated antidiabetic effects. Among the other bioactive compounds present in macroalgae, phenolic compounds, pigments, carotenoids and fatty acids stand out due to their different bioactive properties, such as antidiabetics, antimicrobials and antioxidants, which are important in the treatment or control of diseases such as diabetes, cholesterol, hyperglycemia and cardiovascular diseases. That said, there have already been some studies in which macroalgae (red, green and brown) have been incorporated into certain foods, but studies on gluten-free products are still scarce, as only the potential use of macroalgae for this type of product is considered. Considering the aforementioned issues, this review aims to analyze how macroalgae can be incorporated into foods or used as a food supplement, as well as to describe the bioactive compounds they contain, which have beneficial properties for human health. In this way, the potential of macroalgae-based products in eminent diseases, such as celiac disease, or in more common diseases, such as diabetes and cholesterol complications, can be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana O Tavares
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Cotas
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Valado
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro-SM Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto do Ambiente Tecnologia e Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Samir R, Hassan EA, Saber AA, Haneen DSA, Saleh EM. Seaweed Sargassum aquifolium extract ameliorates cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58226-58242. [PMID: 36977879 PMCID: PMC10163098 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anticancer drug with adverse cardiotoxic effects. Alginates are multifunctional biopolymers and polyelectrolytes derived from the cell walls of brown seaweeds. They are nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, and hence, utilized in several biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Here, we investigated the potential cardioprotective effect of thermally treated sodium alginate (TTSA), which was extracted and purified from the seaweed Sargassum aquifolium, in treating acute DOX cardiotoxicity and apoptotic pathways in rats. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize TTSA. CK-MB and AST levels in sera samples were determined. The expression levels of Erk-2 (MAPK-1) and iNOS genes were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression levels of Erk-2, anti-apoptotic p53, and caspase-3 were analyzed using western blotting and ELISA. For the in vivo studies, sixty rats were randomly divided equally into six groups and treated with DOX, followed by TTSA. We revealed that treatment with TTSA, which has low molecular weight and enhanced antioxidant properties, improved DOX-mediated cardiac dysfunction and alleviated DOX-induced myocardial apoptosis. Furthermore, TTSA exhibited a cardioprotective effect against DOX-induced cardiac toxicity, indicated by the increased expression of MAPK-1 (Erk2) and iNOS genes, which are implicated in the adaptive responses regulating DOX-induced myocardial damage. Moreover, TTSA significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed caspase-3 and upregulated anti-apoptotic protein p53 expression. TTSA also rebalanced the cardiomyocyte redox potential by significantly (p < 0.05) increasing the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and superoxide dismutase. Our findings suggest that TTSA, particularly at a dose of 400 mg/kg b.w., is a potential prophylactic supplement for treating acute DOX-linked cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Samir
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Ekrami A. Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - David S. A. Haneen
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Eman M. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
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Abo-Shady AM, Gheda SF, Ismail GA, Cotas J, Pereira L, Abdel-Karim OH. Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Algae. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020460. [PMID: 36836817 PMCID: PMC9964347 DOI: 10.3390/life13020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, algae arouse a growing interest in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic area due to the fact that they have a great diversity of bioactive compounds with the potential for pharmacological and nutraceutical applications. Due to lifestyle modifications brought on by rapid urbanization, diabetes mellitus, a metabolic illness, is the third largest cause of death globally. The hunt for an efficient natural-based antidiabetic therapy is crucial to battling diabetes and the associated consequences due to the unfavorable side effects of currently available antidiabetic medications. Finding the possible advantages of algae for the control of diabetes is crucial for the creation of natural drugs. Many of algae's metabolic processes produce bioactive secondary metabolites, which give algae their diverse chemical and biological features. Numerous studies have demonstrated the antioxidant and antidiabetic benefits of algae, mostly by blocking carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme activity, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Additionally, bioactive components from algae can lessen diabetic symptoms in vivo. Therefore, the current review concentrates on the role of various secondary bioactive substances found naturally in algae and their potential as antioxidants and antidiabetic materials, as well as the urgent need to apply these substances in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saly Farouk Gheda
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Gehan Ahmed Ismail
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - João Cotas
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.P.); or (O.H.A.-K.)
| | - Omnia Hamdy Abdel-Karim
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (L.P.); or (O.H.A.-K.)
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Salem HR, Hegazy GA, Abdallah R, Abo-Elsoud RAA. Protective role of vitamin D3 in a rat model of hyperthyroid-induced cardiomyopathy. J Tradit Complement Med 2023; 13:277-284. [PMID: 37128195 PMCID: PMC10148126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Several studies have reported the cardioprotective effect of vitamin D. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the possible cardioprotective effect of vitamin D3 in hyperthyroid-induced cardiomyopathy rat model. Experimental procedure Rats were divided into 3 groups: control group; hyperthyroid group, rats were administrated l-thyroxine sodium daily for 4 weeks; and hyperthyroid + vitamin D3 treated group, rats were treated with l-thyroxine sodium for 4 weeks daily, and received the vitamin D3 for the same duration. After 4 weeks, electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded. Then, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. After that, the final body weight was measured, and the rats were sacrificed. Finally, the hearts were excised, weighed and were prepared for histological examination by hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemistry assessment of caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results Hyperthyroid rats showed significant ECG changes, increased serum levels of cardiac biomarkers, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and relative heart weight compared with the control rats. Vitamin D3 coadministration with l-thyroxine resulted in significant improvement in thyroid profile, ECG parameters, significant decrease of cardiac biomarkers, FGF23, malondialdehyde, TNF-α and relative heart weight, and significant decrease of the antioxidant enzymes compared with the hyperthyroid rats. The histological study was consistent with the biochemical results. Hyperthyroid rats showed upregulation of caspase-3 and PCNA in the myocardium compared with control group. Vitamin D3 treated rats showed downregulation of caspase-3 and PCNA. Conclusion Vitamin D3 provides cardioprotective effects in hyperthyroid rats.
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Targeting Cardiovascular Diseases by Flavonols: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071439. [PMID: 35406050 PMCID: PMC9003055 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are one of the most plentiful flavonoid subclasses found in natural products and are extensively used as dietary supplements. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the cardioprotective properties of flavonols, especially quercetin. This group of substances exerts positive impacts primarily due to their antiatherogenic, antithrombotic, and antioxidant activities. The potential of flavonols to promote vasodilation and regulation of apoptotic processes in the endothelium are other beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Despite promising experimental findings, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have yielded inconsistent results on the influence of these substances on human cardiovascular parameters. Thus, this review aims to summarize the most recent clinical data on the intake of these substances and their effects on the cardiovascular system. The present study will help clinicians and other healthcare workers understand the value of flavonol supplementation in both subjects at risk for cardiovascular disease and patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Abstract
Macroalgae Ulva lactuca, has been employed as a natural source for the production of extracts with potent bioactivity. The biochemical characterization showed that the macroalgae biomass contains a remarkable amount of the polysaccharide Ulvan (49.9 wt%) which is a valuable chemical compound well known for its benefits in human health. Four nontoxic solvents, water, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and an ethanol/water mixture (70:30 v/v) were examined for their recovery efficiency of total carotenoid and phenolic contents. Experimental results showed that the aqueous mixture of ethanol was the most efficient solvent in the recovery of bioactive compounds with extraction yield of 10–15% dw. The effect of extraction parameters, namely time, temperature, and the ratio of biomass to solvent, on the carotenoid and phenolic compounds’ content, antioxidant activity, and extraction yield, was investigated, using the ethanol/water mixture as a solvent. The extract obtained under 60 °C, 3 h of extraction time and 1:10 biomass to solvent mass ratio showed the highest antioxidant activity. This extract maintained its antioxidant capacity almost stable for five days of storage under cool and dark conditions. Finally, specific phenolic and carotenoid compounds in the U. lactuca extracts were identified using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique.
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Wu L, Wang W, Leng Q, Tang N, Zhou N, Wang Y, Wang DW. Focus on Autoimmune Myocarditis in Graves' Disease: A Case-Based Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:678645. [PMID: 34307494 PMCID: PMC8292634 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.678645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifestations of hyperthyroidism-related myocardial damage are multitudinous, including arrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular diseases, and even cardiogenic shock. Acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis had been reported in a few studies. However, attention on its prevalence and underlying mechanisms is sorely lacking. Its long-term harm is often ignored, and it may eventually develop into dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. We report a case of Graves' disease with a progressive elevation of hypersensitive cardiac troponin-I at several days after discontinuation of the patient's anti-thyroid drugs. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) showed inflammatory edema of some cardiomyocytes (stranded enhanced signals under T2 mapping), myocardial necrosis (scattered enhanced signals under T1 late gadolinium enhancement) in the medial and inferior epicardial wall, with a decreased left ventricular systolic function (48%), which implied a possibility of acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis. The patient was then given a transient glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and achieved a good curative effect. Inspired by this case, we aim to systematically elaborate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperthyroidism-induced autoimmune myocarditis. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of CMRI and GC therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism-related myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujin Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianru Leng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nana Tang
- Nursing Teaching Office of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Babu V, Binwal M, Kumari R, Sen S, Kumar A, Mugale MN, Shanker K, Kumar N, Bawankule DU. Hesperidin-rich ethanol extract from waste peels of Citrus limetta mitigates rheumatoid arthritis and related complications. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3325-3336. [PMID: 33624898 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the possible pharmacological effects of fruit waste that may have a key role in converting the fruit waste into pharmaceutical agents. Citrus limetta (Rutaceae) is an important commercial citrus fruit crops used by juice processing industries. C. limetta peels are perishable waste material, which creates a big challenge in juice processing industries. Initial pharmaco-chemical profile of peels' extracts revealed that the ethanol extract (ClPs) has promising anti-inflammatory activity and rich in hesperidin content. In vivo experimental pharmacology profile of ClPs against arthritis and related complications revealed that oral administration of ClPs significantly reduced the arthritis score and arthritis index in elbow and knee joints against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Biochemical parameters include pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A), and C-RP level in blood serum of CIA rats further confirmed the anti-arthritic profile of ClPs. Further individual experiments related to arthritis-related complications in experimental animals demonstrated the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic potential of ClPs in dose-dependent manner. The result of this study suggests the suitability of ClPs as a drug-like candidate for further investigation toward the management of arthritis and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Babu
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Monika Binwal
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Renu Kumari
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Sumati Sen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Department of Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhav N Mugale
- Department of Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Botany and Pharmacognosy, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, Delhi, India
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