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Lee J, Jeong S. Approach to an answer to "How dangerous microplastics are to the human body": A systematic review of the quantification of MPs and simultaneously exposed chemicals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132404. [PMID: 37672992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to facilitate future research on microplastics (MPs) in the environment using systematic and analytical protocols, ultimately contributing to assessment of the risk to human health due to continuous daily exposure to MPs. Despite extensive studies on MP abundance in environment, identification, and treatment, their negative effects on human health remain unknown due to the lack of proof from clinical studies and limited technology on the MP identification. To assess the risk of MPs to human health, the first step is to estimate MP intake via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact under standardized exposure conditions in daily life. Furthermore, rather than focusing on the sole MPs, migrating chemicals from plastic products should be quantified and their health risk be assessed concurrently with MP release. The critical factors influencing MP release and simultaneously exposed chemicals (SECs) must be investigated using a standardized identification method. This review summarises release sources, factors, and possible routes of MPs from the environment to the human body, and the quantification methods used in risk assessment. We also discussed the issues encountered in MP release and SEC migration. Consequently, this review provides directions for future MP studies that can answer questions about MP toxicity to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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Zhang C, Zhang Q, Luo M, Wang Q, Wu X. Bacillus cereus WL08 immobilized on tobacco stem charcoal eliminates butylated hydroxytoluene in soils and alleviates the continuous cropping obstacle of Pinellia ternata. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 450:131091. [PMID: 36870095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), as an emerging contaminant in ecosystems, has potential influences on animals, aquatic organisms, and public health, and has been proven to be a major allelochemical of Pinellia ternata. In this study, Bacillus cereus WL08 was used to rapidly degrade BHT in liquid culture. Strain WL08 immobilized on tobacco stem charcoal (TSC) particles notably accelerated BHT removal in contract to its free cells, and exhibited excellent reutilization and storage capacities. The optimal removal parameters of TSC WL08 were ascertained to be pH 7.0, 30 °C, 50 mg L-1 BHT and 0.14 mg L-1 TSC WL08. Moreover, TSC WL08 significantly accelerated the degradation of 50 mg L-1 BHT in sterile and non-sterile soils compared to that of free WL08 or natural dissipation, and notably shortened their half-lives by 2.47- or 362.14- fold, and 2.20- or 14.99- fold, respectively. Simultaneously, TSC WL08 was introduced into the continuous cropping soils of P. ternata, which accelerated the elimination of allelochemical BHT, and notably enhanced the photosynthesis, growth, yield, and quality of P. ternata. This study provides new insights and strategies for the rapid in situ remediation of BHT-polluted soils and effective alleviation of P. ternata cropping obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Institute of Modern Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Department of Food and Medicine, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Qingzhen, Guizhou 551400, China
| | - Xiaomao Wu
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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Hanif MA, Kim YS, Akter J, Kim HG, Kwac LK. Fabrication of Robust and Stable N-Doped ZnO/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Characterization, Photocatalytic Application, Kinetics, Degradation Products, and Toxicity Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16174-16185. [PMID: 37179633 PMCID: PMC10173443 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The production of effective visible-light (VL) photocatalysts for the elimination of noxious organic pollutants from wastewater has attracted considerable interest owing to increasing awareness worldwide. Despite the large number of photocatalysts reported, the selectivity and activity of photocatalysts still need to be developed. The goal of this research is to eliminate toxic methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater through a cost-effective photocatalytic process using VL illumination. A novel N-doped ZnO/carbon nanotube (NZO/CNT) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via a facile cocrystallization method. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized nanocomposite were systematically investigated. The as-prepared NZO/CNT composite exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance (96.58%) within 25 min of VL irradiation. The activity was 92, 52, and 27% greater than that of photolysis, ZnO, and NZO, respectively, under identical conditions. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of NZO/CNT was attributed to the N atom and CNT involvement: N contributes to narrowing the band gap of ZnO, and CNT captures the electrons and maintains the electron flow in the system. The reaction kinetics of MB degradation, catalyst reusability, and stability were also investigated. In addition, the photodegradation products and their toxicity effects in our environment were analyzed using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and ecological structure activity relationships programs, respectively. The findings of the current study demonstrate that the NZO/CNT nanocomposite can be utilized to remove contaminants in an environmentally acceptable manner, thereby providing a new window for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abu Hanif
- Institute
of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Young-Soon Kim
- Institute
of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Jeasmin Akter
- Department
of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering
& Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Hong Gun Kim
- Institute
of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
- Graduate
School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Lee Ku Kwac
- Institute
of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
- Graduate
School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
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Muduli M, Choudhary M, Ray S. Remediation and characterization of emerging and environmental pollutants from residential wastewater using a nature-based system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45750-45767. [PMID: 36707474 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The nature-based systems (NBS) are nature inspired, unflagging, efficient, and budget friendly ideas that evolved as ideal technologies for wastewater treatment. The present study deals with the purification of residential wastewater through the NBS, covering three seasons. The NBS embedded with the Canna lily effectively eliminated organic matter, nutrients, and heavy metals. Nearly 57.2-75.2% COD, 69.9-83.2% BOD, 73.4-90.6% TSS, 51.1-71.6% PO43--P, 66.3-84.8% NH4+-N, 52-61.5% NO3--N, and 68-70.6% NO2--N removal were achieved. Heavy metals like Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Pb were removed, with a 98.25% reduction in the total bacterial count. The pollutant removal's kinetics was calculated using first-order kinetics. The mass removal rate of BOD was high in monsoon (22.3 g/m2/d), and COD was high in summer (36.4 g/m2/d). Organic compound removal (65.2%), including emerging pollutants, was observed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of water and Canna samples. Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF) studied the elements and oxides retention by media and accumulation by the plant. The CHN content of the Canna and its morphological study was checked using the carbon CHNS analyzer and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), respectively. The performance of the NBS was validated using variance, correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). This study shows the NBS effects on the remediation of environmental and emerging contaminants from residential wastewater and further use it for horticultural activities, thereby achieving sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali Muduli
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Meena Choudhary
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanak Ray
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Hu X, Han W, Zhang M, Li D, Sun H. Enhanced adsorption and visible-light photocatalysis on TiO 2 with in situ formed carbon quantum dots. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56379-56392. [PMID: 35334050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) can be used to modify TiO2 to extend the light absorption threshold and enhance its photocatalytic efficiency. In this study, different amounts of CQDs modified TiO2 (CQDs-x/TiO2) were synthesized by a facile, mild, and environmental friendly hydrothermal method at a low temperature. The physicochemical properties were investigated by a variety of advanced characterization techniques. It was found that the anchoring of CQDs endowed the CQDs-x/TiO2 with a large specific surface area, which is beneficial to adsorb more organic pollutants and promote the rate of photocatalytic oxidation. The XRD results also showed that the in situ formation of CQDs on the surface of TiO2 made the crystallinity of TiO2 tend to be complete. Among these photocatalysts, CQDs-20/TiO2 showed the highest pollutant removal efficiency under visible light irradiations. The classical quenching tests revealed that the O2•-, •OH, and hole (h+) were the oxidizing species. Among them, h+ was the primary factor contributing to the degradation. The electrochemical tests showed that the anchoring of CQDs on TiO2 increased the photocurrent by about four times, as compared with the pure TiO2. In particular, the cyclic voltammetry results showed that the photo-generated electrons of CQDs were freer to transfer to TiO2 under visible light irradiations, promoting the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes. This study explains adequately why the CQDs/TiO2 system has a good photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Degang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
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Photocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 with N-Doped TiO 2-Based Photocatalysts Obtained in One-Pot Supercritical Synthesis. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111793. [PMID: 35683653 PMCID: PMC9182572 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of carbon support on the activity and selectivity of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Thus, N-doped TiO2 and two types of composites, N-doped TiO2/CNT and N-doped TiO2/rGO, were prepared by a new environmentally friendly one-pot method. CNT and rGO were used as supports, triethylamine and urea as N doping agents, and titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide and ethanol as Ti precursor and hydrolysis agent, respectively. The as-prepared photocatalysts exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performance compared to TiO2 P25 commercial catalyst during the photoreduction of CO2 with water vapor. It was imputed to the synergistic effect of N doping (reduction of semiconductor band gap energy) and carbon support (enlarging e−-h+ recombination time). The activity and selectivity of catalysts varied depending on the investigated material. Thus, whereas N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles led to a gaseous mixture, where CH4 formed the majority compared to CO, N-doped TiO2/CNT and N-doped TiO2/rGO composites almost exclusively generated CO. Regarding the activity of the catalysts, the highest production rates of CO (8 µmol/gTiO2/h) and CH4 (4 µmol/gTiO2/h) were achieved with composite N1/TiO2/rGO and N1/TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively, where superscript represents the ratio mg N/g TiO2. These rates are four times and almost forty times higher than the CO and CH4 production rates observed with commercial TiO2 P25.
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