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Zhou N, Liu Z, Liu K, Li X, Lock TR, Kallenbach RL, Yuan Z. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus dynamics in China's lakes: climatic and geographic influences. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:113. [PMID: 36385215 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Given the differences in geomorphology, climate, hydrology, and human activities in various regions, lake chemometrics may also vary. However, the spatial distribution of lake chemistry and the factors affecting such pattern are still unclear. Here, we collected data for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from published literature and databases in 224 lakes and calculated the trophic status index to represent the nutrient classification state of lakes. We found that lakes with high carbon concentrations were located in the Tibet-Qinghai Limnetic Region of western China, whereas lakes with high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were located in the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Limnetic Region and Northeast Limnetic Region of northern China. Areas with larger cropland and urban residential land (such as the junction of the three lake regions, i.e., the Northeast Limnetic Region, East Limnetic Region, and Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Limnetic Region) tended to have lakes with high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. Our analysis suggested that spatial distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations reflect the effect of climate, geomorphology, and land use in each lake region and nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Zunchi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Thomas Ryan Lock
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Robert L Kallenbach
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Zhiyou Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China.
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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He S, Song N, Yao Z, Jiang H. An assessment of the purification performance and resilience of sponge-based aerobic biofilm reactors for treating polluted urban surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:45919-45932. [PMID: 35150429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollutants are continuously released into surface waters, which decrease the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and leads to the formation of black-odorous water, especially in slow-flowing urban lakes and enclosed small ponds. In situ treatment by artificial aeration or water cycling, coupled with biofilm, can address this problem without occupying large amounts of land. In this study, we designed a novel sponge-based aerobic biofilm reactor (SABR) and evaluated its performance in purifying urban surface water under different conditions. In the urban lake water treatment, the continuous inflow results revealed that the NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations in the effluent were stable and remained lower than 0.10 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L, respectively. Abrupt increases in the NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations in the influent and sudden increases in the NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations in the effluent were observed, and only 4 to 8 days were required for the concentrations to decline below 0.10 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L, respectively. Increases in the polyurethane sponge filling ratios in the SABRs can reduce the DO concentration but do not affect NH4+-N removal. When no biodegradable organic matter was present in the enclosed surface water, the degradation time of NH4+-N from 14.22 to 0.10 mg/L was only 9 days when SABRs were combined with water cycling, which was shorter than the time needed by water cycling alone (16 days), and most of the NH4+-N was converted to NO3--N. When massive amounts of biodegradable organic matter were present in the enclosed surface water, 22 days were required to remove the NH4+-N when SABRs were combined with water cycling. Our results indicated that organic matter could be used as a carbon source to eliminate the produced NO3--N in SABRs. Therefore, the newly developed bioreactor provides an effective approach for treating N-polluted urban surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Song
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zongbao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Helong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Water Quality Characteristics and Source Analysis of Pollutants in the Maotiao River Basin (SW China). WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are an important mediator between human activities and the natural environment. They provide multiple functions, including irrigation, transportation, food supply, recreation, and water supply. Therefore, evaluations of water quality and pollution sources are of great significance for ecological restoration and management of rivers. In this study, the improved “vušekriterijumska optimizacija i kompromisno rješenje” (VIKOR in Serbian; in English: Multicriteria Optimization and Compromise Solution), and a geodetector were used to analyze the water quality characteristics and pollution sources of the Maotiao River Basin (Gizhou province, SW China). The results showed that the water quality of the Maotiao River Basin deteriorated significantly during the summer drought period, as was evident in the reservoirs and lakes. It improved in the wet season (i.e., during the summer period) due to runoff dilution. Water quality decreased along the river’s course, from upstream to downstream sections. The results of the geographic detector analysis showed that agricultural areas were the primary factor affecting the spatial distribution of water quality in the river basin. In July, August, and November 2020, the influence of agricultural land was 0.72, 0.60, or 0.80, respectively, and the interactions among urban, industrial, agricultural, and forested areas explained 99.2%, 83.2%, or 99.9% of the spatial differentiation of water quality, respectively. Due to the influence of spatial scale, settlements have a small influence on the spatial distribution of water quality. Their impact factors were 0.38, −0.24, and −0.05, respectively. Notably, the negative relationship of water quality and forested areas reflects that topography, types of landscapes, and soil thickness have considerable influences on the Maotiao River Basin’s water quality. Based on the findings, we infer that good farmland water conservancy projects and comprehensive management of different types of landscapes, such as forests, agriculture, and urban area and water bodies, are of great significance for improving water quality.
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Yang J, Li EH, Yang C, Xia Y, Zhou R. Effects of South-to-North Water Diversion Project Cascade Dams on Riparian Vegetation Along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Hanjiang River, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849010. [PMID: 35273631 PMCID: PMC8901726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the construction of dams for water diversion on the ecological environment has attracted recent widespread attention. Over time, dams have emerged as one of the most important factors affecting the vegetation along the riparian zones of rivers. To elucidate the effects of cascade dams on riparian vegetation along the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River, we examined riparian vegetation types upstream and downstream from dams. A total of 14 sample sites and 131 quadrats perpendicular to the river were investigated in June 2019, and 14 sample sites and 134 quadrats were investigated in October 2019. The riparian vegetation was divided into 15 (in June) and 11 (in October) vegetation types by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN). Significant differences were found between the vegetation types upstream and downstream of dams. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil moisture content, distance from the water, altitude and soil total nitrogen (TN) were the main environmental factors affecting plants distributions, and soil moisture content was the main factor affecting the zonal distribution of vegetation. By analyzing the impact of cascade dams on the hydrological regime, we found that the construction of cascade dams led to the differentiation of vegetation types upstream and downstream of the dam, and the riparian habitats were fragmented by these dams. This study provides both an important reference for the protection of riparian vegetation and riparian ecosystems and a basis for the management and restoration of river ecosystems after the construction of cascade dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Province, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - En-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Province, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: En-Hua Li,
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Province, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Province, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Province, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ren W, Wu X, Yang J, Luo L, Liang S, Yang H. Water pollution characteristics of inflowing rivers under different land-use patterns in the Daye Lake basin: pollution mode and management suggestions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:10. [PMID: 34877620 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Land use/land cover (LULC) conditions can have a profound impact on the water quality of rivers, lakes, and other water bodies within a basin. Land use status of Daye Lake basin in 2019 has been shown by Landsat 8 OLI image, water quality of Daye Lake, and 12 inflowing rivers have been investigated once a month; this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the water pollution characteristics of the inflowing rivers and lake in the basin under different LULC patterns, and providing a reference for the scientific planning of land-use types in the basin and land use research in lake basins in subtropical areas. Pollutants are mainly introduced to Daye Lake from the west (such as Da Gang) and north (such as Linjiaju Gang), with concentrations gradually decreasing within the lake from west to east. Construction land is closely associated with the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (CODMn), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) inputs to the basin, which can be trapped by vegetation. Agricultural dryland can contribute acid and dissolved oxygen (DO) to water. Precipitation can influence the input of pollutants, with a stronger effect on TN and weaker effect on TP. Pollutants accumulate from the inlets to the centre of the lake, with longer retention times during the dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Ren
- China Aero Geophysical Survey & Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing, 100083, China
- China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China.
| | - Jiuyun Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Lu Luo
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Song Liang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
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