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Garcia VSG, Tominaga FK, Rosa JM, Borrely SI. Emerging pollutants in textile wastewater: an ecotoxicological assessment focusing on surfactants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27817-27828. [PMID: 38517631 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Water and several chemicals, including dyestuffs, surfactants, acids, and salts, are required during textile dyeing processes. Surfactants are harmful to the aquatic environment and induce several negative biological effects in exposed biota. In this context, the present study aimed to assess acute effects of five surfactants, comprising anionic and nonionic classes, and other auxiliary products used in fiber dyeing processes to aquatic organisms Vibrio fischeri (bacteria) and Daphnia similis (cladocerans). The toxicities of binary surfactant mixtures containing the anionic surfactant dodecylbenzene sulfonate + nonionic fatty alcohol ethoxylate and dodecylbenzene sulfonate + nonionic alkylene oxide were also evaluated. Nonionic surfactants were more toxic than anionic compounds for both organisms. Acute nonionic toxicity ranged from 1.3 mg/L (fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactant) to 2.6 mg/L (ethoxylate surfactant) for V. fischeri and from 1.9 mg/L (alkylene oxide surfactant) to 12.5 mg/L (alkyl aryl ethoxylated and aromatic sulfonate surfactant) for D. similis, while the anionic dodecylbenzene sulfonate EC50s were determined as 66.2 mg/L and 19.7 mg/L, respectively. Both mixtures were very toxic for the exposed organisms: the EC50 average in the anionic + fatty alcohol ethoxylate mixture was of 1.0 mg/L ± 0.11 for V. fischeri and 4.09 mg/L ± 0.69 for D. similis. While the anionic + alkylene oxide mixture, EC50 of 3.34 mg/L for D. similis and 3.60 mg/L for V. fischeri. These toxicity data suggested that the concentration addition was the best model to explain the action that is more likely to occur for mixture for the dodecylbenzene sulfonate and alkylene oxide mixtures in both organisms. Our findings also suggest that textile wastewater surfactants may interact and produce different responses in aquatic organisms, such as synergism and antagonism. Ecotoxicological assays provide relevant information concerning hazardous pollutants, which may then be adequately treated and suitably managed to reduce toxic loads, associated to suitable management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flávio Kiyoshi Tominaga
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas E Nucleares, Centro de Tecnologia das Radiações, IPEN/CNEN, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sueli Ivone Borrely
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas E Nucleares, Centro de Tecnologia das Radiações, IPEN/CNEN, São Paulo, Brazil
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Unnikrishan A, Khalid NK, Rayaroth MP, Thomas S, Nazim A, Aravindakumar CT, Aravind UK. Occurrence and distribution of steroid hormones (estrogen) and other contaminants of emerging concern in a south indian water body. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141124. [PMID: 38211796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Steroid hormones (SHs) are among the important classes of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) whose detection in aquatic environments is vital due to their potential adverse health impacts. Their detection is challenging because of their lower stability in natural conditions and low concentrations. This study reports the presence of steroid hormones in a major river system, the Periyar River, in Kerala (India). Water samples were collected from thirty different river locations in the case of SHs and five locations within these in the case of other CECs. These were subjected to LC-MS/MS and LC-Q-ToF/MS analyses. Five SHs, estriol, estrone, 17 β estradiol, progesterone, and hydroxy progesterone, were separated and targeted using MS techniques. The studies of the water samples confirmed the presence of the first three estrogens in different sampling sites, with estrone present in all the sampling sites. The concentration of estrone was detected in the range from 2 to 15 ng/L. Estriol and estradiol concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 5 ng/L and 1-6 ng/L, respectively. The hormones at some selected sites were continuously monitored for seven months. The chosen areas include the feed water sites for the drinking water treatment plants across the river. The monthly data revealed that estrone is the only SHs detected in all the samples in the selected months. The highest concentration of SH was found in August. Twelve CECs belonging to pharmaceuticals and personal care products were identified and quantified. In addition, 31 other CECs were also identified using non-target analysis. A detailed study of the hormone mapping reported here is the first from any South Indian River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Unnikrishan
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Nejumal K Khalid
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Manoj P Rayaroth
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Shiny Thomas
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIFs), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Akhil Nazim
- Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Charuvila T Aravindakumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIFs), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Usha K Aravind
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India.
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Xiao J, Gao D, Zhang H, Shi H, Chen Q, Li H, Ren X, Chen Q. Water quality assessment and pollution source apportionment using multivariate statistical techniques: a case study of the Laixi River Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:287. [PMID: 36626095 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Identifying potential sources of pollution in tributaries and determining their contribution rates are critical to the treatment of water pollution in main streams. In this paper, we conducted a multivariate statistical analysis on the water quality data of 12 parameters for 3 years (2018-2020) at six sampling sites in the Laixi River to qualitatively identify potential pollution sources and quantitatively calculate the contribution rates to reveal the tributaries' pollution status. Spatio-temporal cluster analysis (CA) divided 12 months into two parts, corresponding to the lightly polluted season (LPS) and highly polluted season (HPS), and six sampling sites were divided into two regions, corresponding to the lightly polluted region (LPR) and highly polluted region (HPR). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the potential sources of contamination, identifying four and three potential factors in the LPS and HPS, respectively. The absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) receptor model quantitatively analyzed the contribution rates of identified pollution sources, and the importance of the different pollution sources in LPS can be ranked as domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and breeding pollution (33.80%) > soil weathering (29.02%) > agricultural activities (20.95%) > natural influence (13.03%). HPS can be classified as agricultural cultivation (41.23%), domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and animal waste (33.19%), and natural variations (21.43%). Four potential sources were identified in LPR ranked as rural domestic sewage (31.01%) > agricultural pollution (26.82%) > industrial effluents and free-range livestock and poultry pollution (25.13%) > natural influence (14.82%). Three identified latent pollution sources in HPR were municipal sewage and industrial effluents (37.96%) > agricultural nonpoint sources and livestock and poultry wastewater (33.55%) > natural sources (25.23%). Using multivariate statistical tools to identify and quantify potential pollution sources, managers may be able to enhance water quality in tributary watersheds and develop future management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongdong Gao
- Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Faulty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Hongle Shi
- Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Administrative Committee of Sichuan Tianquan Economic Development Zone, Ya'an, 625000, China
| | - Xingnian Ren
- Faulty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Zhang M, Liu J, Tang L, Hu N, Zhang D, Pan X. Fenton micro-reactor on a bubble: A novel microbubble-triggered simultaneous capture and catalytic oxidation strategy for recalcitrant organic pollutant removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155556. [PMID: 35489506 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel catalyst-functionalized microbubble system was developed to trigger both of the Fenton reaction and the flotation separation on the gas-liquid interface of bubbles for efficiently removing the recalcitrant organic pollutants from waters. The Fe(II)-functionalized colloidal microbubbles (FCMBs) were featured as large specific surface area, great bubble density and high ·OH activation capacity. Approximately 98.2% and 93.1% of the triphenylmethane and aromatic azo pollutants were removed within 0.5 min, respectively. Particularly, at the lowest Fe(II) dose of 0.2 mmol/L, the FCMB-triggered Fenton still achieved 7.4-20.6% higher removal than the traditional Fenton method at 0.5 min. In addition to the Fenton oxidative degradation mechanism, the FCMBs themselves were able to capture and remove 20.1-36.8% of pollutants from water. Thus, FCMBs served as micro-reactors in terms of: (i) the target molecules and intermediates were adhered and separated by FCMBs; and (ii) the FCMBs enhanced the mass transfer of catalyst and exposed sufficient active sites on the bubble surface for catalytic oxidation reaction. Compared with the traditional Fenton, the present method showed the robust tolerance of pH (4.0-9.5) and salinity (up to 40‰) at decreased Fe(II) doses, and the bio-toxicity of intermediates was obviously lower. The FCMB-triggered pollutant capture and catalytic oxidation technology exhibited a great potency in engineering implementation given the flexible bubble construction, the integration and simplification of treatment unit, as well as the decreased chemical doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Linfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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Rayaroth MP, Oh D, Lee CS, Chang YS. Simultaneous removal of heavy metals and dyes in water using a MgO-coated Fe 3O 4 nanocomposite: Role of micro-mixing effect induced by bubble generation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133788. [PMID: 35104544 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the development of a nano-adsorbent for contaminant removal without the use of any external energy. An eco-friendly Fe3O4@MgO core-shell nanocomposite was synthesized and tested for the removal of a heavy metal, lead (Pb2+) and a dye, rhodamine B (RhB). The addition of H2O2 into the system enabled the self-mixing of the aqueous solution containing Fe3O4@MgO through the generation of bubbles. This system showed an excellent removal efficiency of 99% in just 15 min for Pb2+ and 120 min for RhB, which is far better than the control experiment (without H2O2). The cation exchange mechanism dominated in the removal of heavy metals, while the adsorptive removal of dye proceeded through the H-bonding between Mg(OH)2 and dye molecules. The removal efficiency increased exponentially with the increase of H2O2 at the optimal concentration of 5% and it was effective over a wide pH range. Moreover, the performance of the Fe3O4@MgO-H2O2 system was verified for other heavy metals such as Cd, Ni, Zn, Co, and Cu, demonstrating that the Fe3O4@MgO-H2O2 system can be widely implemented in the treatment of real water matrices contaminated with heavy metals and organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj P Rayaroth
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdańsk, 11/12 Narutowicza Str, Poland
| | - Dasom Oh
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Seop Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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