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Zhang M, Wang W, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Li Y, Fang F, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Prothioconazole exposure disrupts oocyte maturation and fertilization by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:274-284. [PMID: 38244729 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC), a novel broad-spectrum triazole fungicide, has attracted widespread concern due to its wide use and toxicological effects on non-target organisms. However, little is known about the impact of PTC on oocyte quality and female fertility, especially on oocyte maturation and fertilization. In the present study, we reported that PTC exposure affects the oocyte developmental competence and oocyte fertilization ability to weaken female fertility. Firstly, PTC compromises oocyte development ability by disrupting spindle morphology and chromosome alignment, as well as decreasing acetylation level of α-tubulin and disrupting kinetochore-microtubule attachments. In addition, PTC compromises oocyte fertilization ability by weakening the sperm binding ability and impairing the dynamics of Juno, Cortical granule and Ovastacin. Finally, single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed that PTC exposure has potentially toxic effects on oocyte development and fertilization, which is caused by the mitochondrial dysfunction and the occurrence of oxidative stress and apoptosis. In summary, our results indicated that PTC exposure had potentially toxic effects on female fertility and led to poor oocyte quality in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianqun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of WanBei Coal Group, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fugui Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhaoxian Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Xiang Q, Zhou Y, Tan C. Enantioselective Toxic Effects of Prothioconazole toward Scenedesmus obliquus. Molecules 2023; 28:4774. [PMID: 37375329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide with one asymmetric center and consists of two enantiomers, R-(-)-PTC and S-(+)-PTC. To address the concern of its environmental safety, the enantioselective toxic effects of PTC on Scendesmus obliquus (S. obliquus) were investigated. PTC racemates (Rac-PTC) and enantiomers exhibited dose-dependent acute toxicity effects against S. obliquus at a concentration from 1 to 10 mg·L-1. The 72 h-EC50 value of Rac-, R-(-)-, and S-(+)-PTC is 8.15, 16.53, and 7.85 mg·L-1, respectively. The growth ratios and photosynthetic pigment contents of the R-(-)-PTC treatment groups were higher than the Rac- and S-(+)-PTC treatment groups. Both catalase (CAT) activities and esterase activities were inhibited in the Rac- and S-(+)-PTC treatment groups at high concentrations of 5 and 10 mg·L-1, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated, which exceeded the levels in algal cells for the R-(-)-PTC treatment groups. PTC could disrupt the cell morphology of S. obliquus and induce cell membrane damage, following the order of S-(+)-PTC ≈ Rac-PTC > R-(-)-PTC. The enantioselective toxic effects of PTC on S. obliquus provide essential information for its ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Environmental Microplastic Pollution Research Center, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengxia Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Lv Z, Meng X, Sun S, Jiang T, Li Y, Feng J. Construction and formulation optimization of prothioconazole nanoemulsions for the control of Fusarium graminearum: Enhancing activity and reducing toxicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 227:113379. [PMID: 37267682 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the optimal emulsifier for prothioconazole nanoemulsions was initially screened based on appearance, microscopic observation, mean droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI). In addition, the BoxBehnken design method is adopted, and the optimal formula is screened with an emulsification time, emulsifier content, and solvent content as a single factor. On this basis, the nanoemulsion meets FAO standards for various indicators. The contact angle of droplets on wheat leaves was significantly reduced. This nanoemulsion also showed good inhibitory activity against Fusarium graminearum (EC50 =1.94 mg L-1), low acute toxicity to zebrafish (LC50 =26.35 mg L-1) and good biosafety to BEAS-2B cells. The nanoemulsion reduced the adverse effects of pesticide on wheat seed germination and growth. This study can help promote the design and manufacture of stable, efficient and safe agricultural nanoemulsions, and is expected to benefit the sustainable development of green plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaohan Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shaoyang Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tianzhen Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Wang J, Li R, Zhao Z, Zhu M, Wang Y. Bioactivity, Uptake, and Distribution of Prothioconazole Loaded on Fluorescent Double-Hollow Shelled Mesoporous Silica in Soybean Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4521-4535. [PMID: 36896464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) has been widely utilized for plant fungal disease control, but its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d) exhibits reproductive toxicity. In the present study, carbon quantum dot (CQD)-modified fluorescent double-hollow shelled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FL-MSNs) loaded with PTC, referred to as PTC@FL-MSNs, were constructed with an average size of 369 nm and a loading capacity of 28.1 wt %, which could increase the antifungal efficiency of PTC. In addition, upright fluorescence microscope and UPLC-MS/MS studies showed that PTC@FL-MSNs could be effectively transported via root uptake and foliar spray in soybean plants. Compared to a 30% PTC dispersible oil suspension agent, the PTC@FL-MSN treatment group showed higher concentrations (leaves: 0.50 > 0.48 mg/kg), longer half-lives for degradation (leaves: 3.62 > 3.21 d; roots: 3.39 > 2.82 d), and fewer metabolites. These findings suggest that sustained pesticide release and toxicity reduction are potential applications for PTC nanofungicide delivery technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Department of Pesticide Science, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Department of Pesticide Science, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zongyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Department of Pesticide Science, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Meiqing Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Department of Pesticide Science, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Bao X, Xu W, Cui J, Yan Z, Wang J, Chen X, Meng Z. NMR-based metabolomics approach to assess the ecotoxicity of prothioconazole on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in soil. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 190:105320. [PMID: 36740340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a widely used agricultural fungicide. In recent years, studies have confirmed that it exerts adverse effects on various species, including aquatic organisms, mammals, and reptiles. However, the toxicological effects of PTC on soil organisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the toxic effects, via oxidative stress and metabolic responses, of PTC on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). PTC exposure can induce significant changes in oxidative stress indicators, including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the content of glutathione (GSH), which in turn affect the oxidative defense system of earthworms. In addition, metabolomics revealed that PTC exposure caused significant changes in the metabolic profiles of earthworms. The relative abundances of 16 and 21 metabolites involved in amino acids, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and energy metabolism were significantly altered after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure, respectively. Particularly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple different metabolic pathways could be disturbed after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure. Importantly, these alterations in oxidative stress and metabolic responses in earthworms reveal that the effects of PTC on earthworms were time dependent, and vary with exposure time. In conclusion, this study highlights that the effects of PTC on soil organisms are of serious concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wangjin Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zixin Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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