Does green finance mitigate the effects of climate variability: role of renewable energy investment and infrastructure

Study on agricultural water resource utilization efficiency under the constraint of carbon emission and water pollution

Agricultural water resource utilization efficiency in China is facing significant challenges due to the dual constraints of carbon emissions and water pollution. The inefficiency in water usage in agriculture not only impacts the sustainability of water resources but also contributes to environmental degradation through increased carbon emissions and water pollution. Agricultural water resource utilization efficiency under the constraint of carbon emission and water pollution has been a critical issue in China from 2005 to 2022. This study employs the Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag (QARDL) method to comprehensively assess and analyze the complex relationship that exists between agricultural water usage, carbon emissions, and water pollution. By analyzing distinct quantiles of the data distribution, the research investigates how different levels of water resource utilization efficiency relate to carbon emissions and water pollution under various conditions. The findings reveal nuanced insights into the dynamic interactions among these components within the agricultural sector. This research project focuses on the efficiency of water resource utilization in agriculture while considering the constraints of carbon emission and water pollution. Given the dynamic and time-dependent character of these components, the QARDL methodology makes it possible to get a detailed knowledge of how they interact within the framework of agriculture. The study aims to give significant insights and policy suggestions to improve agricultural practices while minimizing environmental concerns linked to carbon emissions and water pollution.

Impact of energy imports, renewable electricity production, alternative, and nuclear energy sources on natural gas resource rents

The world faces several problems related to natural gas resource rents and energy production from renewable sources. One of the main problems is the influence of energy imports, manufacturing exports, and alternative energy sources on natural gas and electricity production from renewable sources. Energy imports, manufacturing exports, and alternative energy sources can impact natural gas and electricity production. This paper examines natural gas resource rents and electricity production from renewable sources nexus from 1971 to 2021, using energy imports, manufacturer's exports, and alternative energy sources in China. Electricity production from renewable sources and manufacturing exports are negatively associated with natural gas resource rents. Energy imports and alternative energy sources positively relate to natural gas resource rents in China. These results suggest that the energy sector in China is highly interconnected and that policies that seek to promote renewable energy sources and other alternatives can positively affect natural gas resource rents. China needs to develop an energy policy considering the policy implications of energy imports and natural gas resource rents. Such a policy should focus on increasing domestic production, reducing energy imports, and ensuring adequate revenue from natural gas resource rents. Additionally, regulations could be implemented that support the development of alternative energy sources, such as requiring utilities to purchase a certain percentage of their power from renewable sources.

Does the transition to low-carbon energy alleviate urban-rural energy inequality? The case of China

This paper aims to investigate whether China can reduce urban-rural energy inequality during its transition to low-carbon energy. Using data from 30 Chinese provinces between 2006 and 2019, we employ the system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) to investigate the correlation between low-carbon energy transition (LET) and urban-rural energy inequality. Furthermore, to investigate the mechanism, this study also considers energy service accessibility and industrial structure upgrading. The results of the study show that the degree of LET in China is increasing but with uneven spatial distribution. Moreover, LET is effective in reducing urban-rural energy inequality in China. Specifically, 1 % increase in LET corresponds to 0.045 % reduction in the urban-rural energy inequality index. Additionally, energy service accessibility and industrial structure upgrading are identified as effective channels for LET to mitigate urban-rural energy inequality. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the alleviating impact of LET on energy inequality is more significant in regions where LET and urban-rural energy inequality levels are high. Drawing on our research results, we suggest policy recommendations to encourage the adoption of low-carbon energy sources and diminish urban-rural energy inequality.

Financial globalization and economic growth amid geopolitical risk: A study on China-Russia far East federal district

Geopolitics, natural resource efficiency and financial globalization have arisen as a new concept for low CO2 to achieve sustainable economic growth (EG). Therefore, developed and developing economies focus on Geopolitics risk (GPR), natural resource (NRS) efficiency and financial globalization (FG) to cope with CO2 neutrality targets. In order to understand the elements that contribute to achieving CO2 neutrality, this study sought to establish a relevant connection between geopolitics, the efficiency of NRS, financial globalization (FNG), and economic growth. For the abovementioned objectives, modern econometric methods, such as the canonical cointegration, CS-FGLS and GMM were adopted to evaluate the China-Russia Far East dataset between 1990 and 2022. In order to achieve CO2 neutrality in the long run, the study's elements are crucial, according to the results. In addition, GMM shows that each of the parameters affects CO2 neutrality. As a result, the ecological Kuznets curve rules the economic landscape, and long-term CO2 neutrality is greatly facilitated by geopolitics, efficient use of natural resources, financial globalization, and economic growth. Consequently, numerous domains necessitate far-reaching and revolutionary policy changes, such as economic integration to mitigate geopolitical risk, effective management of natural resources, efficient financial systems, and sustainable technology.

Impact of fiscal policies and green financing on firm innovation and firm value for green economic recovery

The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 epidemic has led to a rise in the costs of natural resources, which has increased production prices, slowed productivity, and threatened financial development. To stimulate the growth of sustainable economies, fiscal and monetary strategies must adopt a prioritized approach towards fostering innovation and development. The study investigates into recovery strategies by examining the influence of minute taxation reductions on power and exploring the incentives and mechanisms that drive innovation. We can estimate and deduce several outcomes by employing a variance-variance method to analyze quarterly data from Chinese companies listed in the market between Q1 2019 and Q2 2021. Enhancing energy efficiency through tax incentives can immensely benefit a company's innovative endeavors, as innovation serves to recover and expand market share. Furthermore, our research suggests that tax credits promoting energy efficiency can alleviate financial barriers and foster increased investment in innovation. Lastly, by endorsing artistic ventures, businesses can reduce costs and bolster internal cash flow. The implications of these findings are insignificant, as they propose that ineffective eco-design fiscal policies may serve as a negligible component of a limited business transformation plan for the post-COVID-19 era.

How causality impacts the renewable energy, carbon emissions, and economic growth nexus in the South Caucasus Countries?

Renewable energy is essential for boosting economic expansion and lowering carbon dioxide emission (CO2) to achieve carbon neutrality. This study's objective is to investigate the relationship between the use of renewable energy, economic growth, and CO2 for South Caucasus Countries. For analysis purposes, time series methods were applied on the panel data. Second-generation unit root and cointegration tests were used to test the cross-sectional dependence. Afterward, panel causality and panel VAR techniques were performed to examine the relationship between the variables. Based on feedback hypothesis, results of our causality analysis revealed a bidirectional causality relationship between growth and renewable energy consumption. Moreover, we revealed unidirectional causality from CO2 to renewable energy and from growth to CO2 emission. We also found that the effect of a shock in renewable energy on growth is increasing, and on CO2, it is decreasing implying that renewable energy consumption will trigger growth and have a reducing effect on CO2 emissions. We portrayed significant workable implications for policymakers, regulation bodies, companies, stakeholders, and managers. Results from this study should be extrapolated with caution since their applicability is limited to the South Caucasus Countries. In addition, the research heavily depends on summaries, which may obscure regional differences. In the future, researchers may want to dig deeper into the data and examine the subtle effect of renewable energy policy nationally. Moreover, including socio-economic aspects and technical improvements in the research might give a more thorough picture of the dynamics at play.

Examining the relationship between international digital trade, green technology innovation and environmental sustainability in top emerging economics

Ensuring preserving a sustainable environment is a crucial concern for individuals worldwide. In previous research, CO2 emissions have been used to measure environmental deterioration. However, in this study, we have expanded the scope to include carbon emissions and several other gases. This comprehensive measure is referred to as the ecological footprint (EFP). More significant international digital trade (IDT) has the potential to achieve several positive results, including reducing EFP (economic frictions and barriers), stimulating economic growth, and minimizing trade risk and volatility. These benefits can be realized by implementing structural reforms in significant production and development sectors. Green technology innovation (GTI) has the potential to make substantial progress in ecological quality and energy efficiency. Nevertheless, previous studies still need to adequately prioritize examining rising economies in terms of international trade diversification and GTI. This study examined the effects of IDT, GTI, and renewable energy consumption (REC) on EFP in BRICST countries. The study utilized data from the period between 1995 and 2022. The cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) model demonstrates that EFP negatively correlates with trade diversification, REC, and GTI in the long and short term. These countries have demonstrated a significant presence of eco-friendly products in their trade portfolios, and their manufacturing processes are shifting towards GTI. The objective is to enhance the REC sources and minimize EFP from consumption. Conversely, the increasing economic growth within this economic group has a compounding impact on the environment's decline since it amplifies the carbon emissions from increased consumption. To reduce the EFP level, the paper suggests increasing investment in GTI, promoting worldwide digital trade, and embracing renewable energy sources.

Leveraging green finance and technological innovations for sustainable urban development: A comparative study of Chinese mega-cities

Being worlds' largest population, China is the biggest consumer of natural resources and causes the highest Carbon emissions due to its energy needs for economic development. This research aims to analyze the relationship between green finance, natural resources, carbon releases, and foreign direct investment on China's efforts towards durable economic sustainability. Difference-in-Difference frameworks are utilized to analyze the statistics acquired from 270 Chinese cities between 2002 and 2022. The findings indicate that the financial implications of carbon emissions significantly affect China's sustainable green economy. However, the short-term growth of the green economy is enhanced by the use of natural resources and the advancement of green financial markets. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that supports the theory positing a linear association among carbon releases, economic expansion, and natural resources. This study provides guidance to policymakers to make policies for enhanced and efficient use of natural resources. This may potentially contribute to the promotion of long-term sustainability in China and the facilitation of green growth.

How do information and communication technology, human capital and renewable energy affect CO2 emission; New insights from BRI countries

If nations want to attain sustainable development with the exponential growth of information and communication technology (ICT) around the world, they must understand the connection between ICT and carbon emissions. Therefore, this study has used panel data from 64 ''Belt and Road Initiative economies between 2000 and 2021 while finding the impact of ICT, renewable energy consumption (REC), human capital (HC) and economic growth (EG) on CO2 emissions. This study employs the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator, Mean Group (MG) estimator and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality. The findings indicate that the use of ICT, HC and the REC are inversely related to CO2 emissions, whereas EG is positively associated to CO2 emissions and hence poses a danger to environmental sustainability. In addition, the interaction term of EG with ICT, REC and HC has negative impact on CO2 emissions in BRI economies. Intriguingly, the results reveal that ICT and CO2 emissions has inverted U-shape relationship in BRI economies. Furthermore, the causality results show that ICT, REC, and human capital are all cause and effect linkages that affect CO2 emissions in both directions. In order to reduce energy utilization and boost economic growth, the findings stress the importance of implementing cutting-edge ICT and REC in the industrial sector.

Unraveling the environmental Kuznets curve: interplay between [Formula: see text] emissions, economic development, and energy consumption

The study investigates the complex interplay among [Formula: see text] emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in China, employing the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework to analyze the dynamics from 1990 to 2022. The research contributes to the urgent need for sustainable development by filling important gaps in comprehending China's specific challenges and potential and considering the relationship between economic advancement and environmental quality. This study utilizes advanced econometric tools, including the AutoRegressive Distributed Lag model, Vector Error Correction Model, and AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average, to comprehensively examine the complicated relationship between variables, considering both short-run and long-run dynamics. The study supports the EKC concept, suggesting that targeted measures can reduce environmental degradation as China's economy advances. Strategic policy recommendations include emission reduction targets, investments in green technologies, and promoting sustainable consumption patterns. Furthermore, transitioning from fossil fuels to cleaner energy aligns with global climate objectives. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, emphasizing the interconnected nature of energy consumption, [Formula: see text] emissions, and economic growth in shaping China's sustainable future.

The nexus between green finance and energy consumption in regional comprehensive economic partnership countries

Green finance has been valued and promoted by Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) countries for its attribute of supporting green and sustainable development. However, the fossil fuel-centric growth pattern poses a threat to the sustainable development of RCEP countries. The existing literature remains inadequate regarding the relationship between green finance and fossil energy consumption. An in-depth understanding and empirical examination of the nexus between green finance development and fossil energy consumption in RCEP countries is key to successful policymaking and sustainable development. This study proposes a theoretical framework for analyzing the nexus between green finance and fossil energy consumption. Then, a green finance development index is constructed by using the entropy weight method based on green credits, green securities, and green investments. By utilizing method of moment quantile regression (MMQR), panel data of 10 RCEP countries from 2008 to 2020 are investigated. The results demonstrate a strong nonlinear pattern of green finance's impact on reducing fossil energy consumption. Conventional finance and fossil energy consumption from the preceding period significantly promote fossil energy consumption, while green technology serves as a mitigating factor for fossil energy consumption. However, the impacts of education and environmental expenditure on fossil energy consumption are limited and inconsistent. Hence, the relevant practitioners, including governments and policymakers, are encouraged to collaboratively promote the green finance policies, and devise tailor-made strategies based on countries' features. Additionally, this study recommends that the RCEP countries incorporate research and development of green technologies, as well as environmental and educational expenditures, into the policymaking process.

Exploring the impact of social capital, institutional quality and political stability on environmental sustainability: New insights from NARDL-PMG

The social aspect of sustainable development is often considered the least strong component, particularly in terms of its analytical and theoretical foundations. Although there has been a recent increase in focus on social sustainability, the relationship between the environmental aspect and social capital is still not well understood. This research seeks to explore initial concepts on frameworks for analyzing the interface between environmental and social capital. However, to demonstrated the core connection of social capital, institutional quality, income and renewable energy consumption with sustainability level (CO2 emissions) in the BRICS economies from 1996 to 2021. Specifically, this study uses advanced techniques such as Non-ARDL, Pooled Mean Group, the Augmented Mean Group and Common Correlated Effect Mean Group. However, under the linear outcomes, social capital, law & order, government stability, political stability and income decline the emissions levels. However, renewable energy consumption shows the positive association with rising emissions in BRICS countries. Interestingly, under the non-linear form, study outcomes describe social capital, and law & order contribute to environmental quality, while government & political stability spur the level of emissions in the long-run. Also, this study provides some core implications to meet the desired sustainability level.

Financial efficiency and CO2 emission in BRICS. Dose digital economy development matter?

When it comes to the environmental costs, environmental economists have tried to study the effects of the foreign direct investment-growth nexus, but they have ignored the crucial role that financial development and technical innovation play. Massive increases in energy consumption have contributed to environmental degradation in the BRICS nations, which have experienced rapid IND due to their robust economies. This study uses data from 1990 to 2021 to examine the relationship between carbon emissions in BRICS member nations and factors such as FDI, technological innovation, and economic growth. Within the panel nations, the results confirm a high cross-sectional reliance. The BRICS countries' financial development, technological innovation, and foreign direct investment all have a negative and statistically significant long-run association with CO2 emissions, according to the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator. On the other hand, economic growth, TI, IND, and energy use all have positive and statistically significant associations with carbon emissions. This study's researchers choose to use the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality test to look at the other way around. Economic growth (EG), Digital economic growth (DEG), Financial efficiency (FE), CO2 emissions (CO2), Industrialization (IND), Technological Innovation (TI), Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Inflation are all identified as having a bidirectional long-run causative relationship. In contrast, a unidirectional causal relationship is observed between FDI and CO2 emissions. To entice high-quality FDI, the BRICS member nations must advance their industries, financial institutions, and technological innovation. In addition, these nations need immediate legislative solutions because IND is a major cause of environmental damage.

The impact of green finance on carbon emission efficiency

Green finance plays a pivotal role in guiding and incentivizing private capital to invest in low-carbon industries and initiatives. This study utilizes data of Chinese cities from 2006 to 2022 to investigate the influence of green finance on carbon emission efficiency. The results show that green finance significantly contributes to enhancing carbon emission efficiency. The impact of green finance on carbon emission efficiency is subject to a dual threshold effect, which depends on the level of regional economic development. Regional innovation emerges as a vital channel through which green finance influences carbon emission efficacy. Moreover, the sensitivity of carbon emission efficiency to the green finance index shows an inverted U-shaped trend. Green support is most significant in green finance sub-dimensions. These findings provide valuable theoretical support for the role of green finance in fostering carbon efficiency improvement and provide essential insights for formulating effective policy strategies.

Exploring role of green financing in blockchain markets for climate change mitigation in China

This study explores the potential of green finance as a strategic method to addressing climate change mitigation in China's blockchain industry. This research methodically analyzes a large dataset collected from many sources across the period between 1999 and 2020. Using a mixed approach of quantitative research and qualitative case studies, this study delves into the tangled web of relationships between alternative finance sources for green initiatives and the use of blockchain technology to promote more environmentally friendly business practices. The results provide light on how green finance and blockchain technologies might work together to boost China's climate change mitigation efforts, revealing fresh insights into the possible synergies and obstacles that erupt from this intersection. In response to the worsening climate problem, there is a pressing need for unconventional methods of financing that can lead holistic sustainable growth. Concurrently, blockchain technology's disruptive potential reverberates across numerous sectors. However, research on blockchain's potential for combating climate change, especially in conjunction with green funding systems, is still in its infancy. Intrinsic interest has motivated this study, which provides a new viewpoint on paths that might transform climate change mitigation in China by mapping the unexplored territory at the intersection of the green finance and blockchain sectors. This research hopes that by examining this interface, it will shed light on the hidden opportunities presented by the combination of green financing and blockchain innovation, allowing for more well-informed and effective decisions to be made in support of environmentally sustainable futures.

Does green finance reduce environmental pollution?-a study based on China's provincial panel data

As a bridge between economy and ecology, green finance is vital in improving environmental quality and promoting sustainable development. Based on the building of an environmental pollution index system, this paper constructs the [Formula: see text] model to deeply explore the specific impact of green finance on environmental pollution using China's provincial panel data from 2007 to 2020. This paper constructs an intermediary model to test the impact mechanism of green finance on reducing environmental pollution and discusses the regional heterogeneity of green finance in reducing environmental pollution. The results show that (1) green finance can significantly reduce environmental pollution, among which green credit has a pronounced effect on reducing environmental pollution, green investment has a relatively small effect, and green securities have not significant effect. (2) Green finance has the best inhibitory effect on solid pollution, less inhibitory effect on air pollution, and no significant improvement effect on water pollution. (3) Green technology innovation, industrial structure upgrading, and environmental regulation play an intermediary role in the process of green finance reducing environmental pollution and improving environmental quality. (4) The effect of green finance in the eastern and carbon emission pilot areas is significantly better than in the central and western regions and non-carbon emission pilot areas respectively. According to the research results of this paper, suggestions are put forward to promote the development of green finance, which is of great significance to reducing environmental pollution and achieving sustainable development goals.

How does an innovative decision-making scheme affect the high-quality economic development driven by green finance and higher education?

This research examines the various elements that contribute to the achievement of high-quality economic development (HQED) in China. Specifically, it explores the influence of several major indices, such as the Green Finance Index, Energy Development Index, Higher Education, Technology Market Environment, and Human Capital. In this study, we utilize a Spatial Durbin Model to examine the interdependencies and spatial linkages between various variables, and their combined impact on China's efforts towards achieving HQED. The Green Finance Index serves as an indicator of a nation's dedication to the implementation of financially sustainable practices and investments that align with environmental objectives. The Energy Development Index assesses the extent to which the energy sector contributes to both economic growth and sustainability. The significance of education and skill development in promoting economic advancement is underscored by Higher Education and Human Capital measures. The Technology Market Environment Index examines the impact of the innovation ecosystem on fostering economic growth. The empirical analysis in our study utilizes extensive data sets collected from 30 provinces and regions throughout China. In this study, we analyze the spatial and temporal interactions of the indices, considering the potential spillover effects from adjacent locations. The findings offer significant contributions to understanding the intricate interconnections among green financing, energy development, education, technology, and human capital, and their combined influence on China's continuous endeavor towards achieving high-quality economic growth. Comprehending the intricate interconnections and spatial dynamics holds paramount importance for policymakers and stakeholders who aspire to foster sustainable, inclusive, and ecologically conscientious economic development in China. The results obtained from this study possess the potential to provide valuable insights for evidence-based policy decisions and strategies aimed at promoting the nation's pursuit of HQED objectives.

Do entrepreneurship education activities have an impact on entrepreneurial behavior? An application of behavioral entrepreneurial intention

Many of the world's most prosperous and secure nations owe much of their success to the contributions of their entrepreneurial spirit. Indian youth unemployment is among the worst in the world, posing serious problems for a country with the youngest population. Using the framework of planned behavior theory, this research examines how entrepreneurship courses affect future plans to start a business. We developed a theoretical framework by investigating the effect of college-level entrepreneurial programs on regional prosperity and quality of life. The research offers data from China on the connection between entrepreneurship education and the desire to start a business. The hypotheses indicate the mediating function of entrepreneurial skills in this relationship. If universities and colleges want their students to have an entrepreneurial attitude and launch successful businesses, they need to improve the way they teach entrepreneurship. The impact of entrepreneurship education and an entrepreneurial mentality on the choice to establish a company was studied by academics in the Chinese region from September 2021 to June 2022. The study's overarching goal was to investigate the connections between formal entrepreneurship education, attitudes toward entrepreneurship, the idea of planned behavior, an entrepreneurial mindset, and creative intent. We used an econometrically sound partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) to do the necessary empirical computations. Education in entrepreneurship, an attitude conducive to starting a firm, the notion of planned behavior, and an entrepreneurial mindset all positively correlate with the choice to do so. The impulse to launch a new venture is highly correlated with a person's level of creativity. These findings make it quite evident that, in order to achieve the dual goals of economic development and poverty reduction, the government must increase spending and advocate for a shift in the way enterprises are organized.

Does circular economy affect environmental performance? The mediating role of sustainable supply chain management: the case study in China

Governments and professionals have recently tried to improve public environmental knowledge and laws in order to meet growing environmental concerns. As a result, most nations see corporate environmental initiatives like the circular economy and the green supply chain as important (GSCM) as the best ways to address environmental problems. As a result, this study tries to show how important GSCM and the circular economy are regarding the economy of China's relationship to environmental sustainability. This study uses the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) on data to obtain trustworthy results from 387 Chinese manufacturing companies. A favorable and statistically significant correlation between GSCM, environmental performance, and the circular economy was revealed using PLS-SEM analysis. To raise environmental standards, eco-friendly methods like buying and designing green items are widely regarded today. Imagine if manufacturing companies adopt green supply chain management, which would improve their economic performance and increase operational effectiveness. The secret to a successful corporation is having successful operations.

Energy consumption and innovation-environmental degradation nexus in BRICS countries: new evidence from NARDL approach using carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions

The BRICS nations-Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa-have grown significantly in importance over the past few decades, playing a vital role in the development and growth of the global economy. This expansion has not been without cost, either, since these countries' concern over environmental deterioration has risen sharply. Both researchers and decision-makers have focused a lot of attention on the connection between economic growth and ecological sustainability. By using nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, the complex relationships were analyzed between important economic indicators-such as gross domestic product (GDP), ecological innovations (EI), energy consumption (ENC), institutional performance (IP), and trade openness (TOP)-and their effect on carbon emissions and nitrous oxide emissions in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2021, this study seeks to contribute to this important dialog. Principal component analysis is formed for technological innovations and institutional performance using six (ICT service exports as a percentage of service exports, computer communications as a percentage of commercial service exports, fixed telephone subscriptions per 100 people, internet users as a percentage of the population, number of patent applications, and R&D expenditures as a percentage of GDP) and twelve (government stability, investment profile, socioeconomic conditions, internal conflict, external conflict, military in politics, control of corruption, religious tensions, ethnic tensions, law and order, bureaucracy quality, and democratic accountability) distinct indicators, respectively. The results of nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag estimation show that increase in economic growth would increase carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions. The positive and negative shocks in trade openness have positive and significant impact on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions in BRICS countries. Furthermore, the positive shock energy consumptions have positive and significant effect on Brazil and India when carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions are used. However, EKC exists in BRICS countries when carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions are used. According to long-term estimation, energy consumption and technological innovations in the BRICS countries show a strong and adverse link with nitrous oxide and a favorable relationship with carbon dioxide emissions. In the long run, environmental indicators are seen to have a major and unfavorable impact in BRICS nations. Finally, it is proposed that BRICS nations can assure environmental sustainability if they support creative activities, enhance their institutions, and support free trade policies.

Carbon emission reduction effects of green finance reform and innovation pilot zones policy: evidence from the prefecture-level city in China

The establishment of green finance reform and innovation pilot zones is an important practical exploration to achieve carbon emission reduction goals through green finance in China. Based on the panel data of 282 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2019, this paper examines the mechanism of China's green financial reform and innovation pilot zone policy (GFRI) on urban carbon emissions (CE) and carbon emission efficiency(CEE) using difference-in-differences model. The study shows that GFRI has a significant carbon emission reduction effect, which is reflected in the significant reduction of urban CE and the improvement of urban CEE. GFRI achieves carbon emission reduction by promoting urban green innovation, while the mediating effect of financial agglomeration has not been verified. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that GFRI has more significant effects on carbon emission reduction in non-resource-based cities, large-scale cities and cities with strict environmental regulation. Financial development and digital infrastructure play a positive moderating role on the carbon emission reduction effect of GFRI. This study provides empirical evidence and policy insights from the Chinese city level for deepening the green finance policy and promoting urban low-carbon development.

Coupling and coordinated development of low-carbon economy and green finance: an empirical study of the Yangtze River Delta region in China

The introduction of China's double carbon target has led to a new stage in the development of China's low-carbon economy, while the development of China's green finance is also facing new challenges. Based on the determining of the relationship between low-carbon economy and green finance, this study selected the Yangtze River Delta city cluster of China, an exemplary region for the development of low-carbon economy and green finance, constructed a multi-level comprehensive index system covering two systems of low-carbon economy and green finance and conducted a coupled and coordinated relationship analysis based on the panel data of green finance and low-carbon economy-related indicators from 2016 to 2020. The empirical results showed that the interaction between the low-carbon economy system and the green finance system in the Yangtze River Delta region gradually weakened during 2016-2020, and the mechanism of interaction between the two systems has not been fully developed and utilized. Overall, the development of green finance in all four provinces and cities has not gained sufficient momentum, which is a constraint to the coupled and coordinated development of low-carbon economy and green finance in the four provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta. Zhejiang Province and Jiangsu Province performed better in terms of the scale of green finance and the use of diversified instruments, while Shanghai City performed better in terms of low-carbon economy, whereas Anhui Province needs to improve in both low-carbon economy and green finance.

Does green credit promote firm environmental performance? A new perspective of economic growth target constraints

Green credit encompasses financial instruments and services utilized to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate adaptation to global climate change. Establishing a long-term stable green credit institution is crucial to promoting carbon abatement goals. This study uses the difference-in-difference (DID) model to discuss the impact of green credit policy (GCP) on environmental performance based on the China industrial enterprise data. Our results show that GCP inhibits the pollution emissions and improve firm environmental performance. This improvement effect is attributed to a reduction in production scale, and financing constraints. Moreover, GCP increases the firms' exit risk from market and promotes the technological innovation of incumbent firms. Economic growth target constraints trigger a positive moderation role in the implementation of GCP. Heterogeneity results show that such improvement effect is more pronounced in state-owned firm, large-scale firms, and high R&D intensity firms. Importantly, our findings also suggest the environmental monitoring effect of green credit is dependent on the institutional quality. Only in a sound market environment can GCP effectively improve firm environmental performance. Finally, we propose to build a systematic incentives and constraints mechanism to achieve the sustainable development. The conclusions of this paper provide empirical evidence and policy implications for the implementation of GCP.

Unleashing the power of innovation promoters for sustainable economic growth: a global perspective

Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in an era of rapid economic growth poses a significant challenge for policymakers and researchers. This study investigates the interconnected relationships between economic growth, innovation promoters, and sustainable development using data from 102 countries between 2016 and 2022. Employing multiple linear regression (MLR) models, we identify crucial factors influencing sustainable development. Our findings reveal a multifaceted relationship between economic growth and sustainable development, emphasizing the need for tailored development strategies. We highlight the diverse roles played by innovation promoters across various country clusters. We discern patterns of change in sustainable development and innovation performance through a comparative analysis of country clusters over time. These insights carry significant implications for policymakers, underscoring the importance of context-specific approaches to achieve SDGs.

Public welfare crowdfunding decision-making of environmental nonprofit organizations based on social responsibility

Sustainable crowdfunding has emerged as a significant factor in the quest for alternative funding streams in recent times. The process has entailed the removal of financial obstacles and intermediaries, facilitating proximity between entrepreneurs' initiatives and fund providers, thereby initiating modifications in conventional investment and profitability criteria. The correlation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable business returns is a significant metric that may enhance funding costs. CSR initiatives and crowdfunding possess the potential for mutually beneficial outcomes in terms of fundraising. However, fundraisers encounter obstacles and competition in their efforts to attain their donation objectives. As an illustration, CSR endeavors may provide a chance to raise capital via crowdfunding. Conversely, crowdfunding has the potential to serve as a means of micro-funding various social initiatives that align with a corporation's corporate social responsibility objectives. The present research investigates the correlation between efficacious donation fundraising campaigns in the context of crowdfunding endeavors that hold the possibility of transforming into corporate social responsibility initiatives. The present study investigates the correlation between the initial amount of funds raised on the first day of a fundraising campaign and the target amount of funds sought by the fundraiser, as well as the type of activities involved. The present study utilizes data derived from crowdfunding endeavors in Southeast Asian nations to scrutinize the funds amassed through donations by juxtaposing trends, cultures, and characteristics of fundraisers employing donation-based crowdfunding. The present investigation employs data collected between the period spanning from the beginning of September 2021 to the end of September 2021 in the economies of Southeast Asia, including Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. The present investigation utilizes the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach for the estimation of the variables. The findings of the hypothesis indicate that there exists a positive correlation between crowdfunding, environmental nonprofit organizations, organizational profitability, and CSR.

An unexpected contribution of higher education towards the innovations: the moderate role of green technology

Understanding how environmental restrictions affect the relationship between economic stability and unbalanced technical innovation is crucial for optimizing environmental and financial policy frameworks in developing nations to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). Understanding the driving effect of green funding on green development is vital for promoting economic transformation and achieving long-term green growth. Green growth is one of the most exciting new strategies for sustained economic expansion. Despite environmental technology's significance, further study is required to ascertain whether and how environmental technologies affect green development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how environmental technology may promote green growth in the G7 by reducing reliance on renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Investing in higher education is the most powerful thing a society can do intellectually if it is serious about attaining sustainability by applying skills, providing consulting, delivering training, and disseminating knowledge. Thus, the paper analyzes how the G7 countries' pursuit of green economic development is affected by economic policy uncertainty, investments in renewable energy, human capital, and health expenditure. The G7 economies' panel data from 2005 to 2021 was used to verify the assertions using the GMM estimate. Additional generalized method of moment (GMM) tests, including a one-step test and a two-step test with a robust check, are used to estimate the variables in this study. The research shows that economic policy uncertainty and health expenditure have negative effects on green economic growth, whereas investments in renewable energy, green finance, human capital, and an ageing population have favorable effects. The research findings direct the formulation of policy implications that would maintain the role of green financing as a growth engine in the Chinese economy.

Do green financial and non-financial policies achieve the carbon neutrality target?

Due to the pressing need to combat climate change, reaching carbon neutrality-defined as having net-zero greenhouse gas emissions-has elevated to the status of a worldwide priority. While non-financial policies concentrate on regulation and incentives to promote environmentally friendly behavior, green financial policies strive to move investment toward low-carbon and sustainable initiatives. Therefore, the study aims to examine how green financial and non-financial policies affect carbon neutrality in China from 1995 to 2021. For analyzing the linear and nonlinear estimates, the study has employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) frameworks. The findings suggest that in the linear framework, green finance policies and environmental policy stringency encourage renewable energy consumption and discourage CO2 emissions. In the nonlinear framework, the positive shocks in the green finance policies and environmental policy stringency increase renewable energy consumption, and the negative shock in both types of policies discourages renewable energy consumption. In the CO2 model, a positive shock in green finance policies and environmental policy stringency reduces CO2 emissions, and a negative change in both these policies is insignificant. Since the positive and negative changes in both these policies significantly and differently impact renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions; thus, policymakers should take into account positive and negative changes in both these policies while formulating policies for carbon neutrality targets in China.

Does higher education promote sustainable development? Role of green technology and financial performance

How do digitalizing businesses help them achieve sustainable growth? This research examines the mediating function of green technology innovation in answering this question by defining sustainable development performance in terms of corporations' financial and environmental success. The educational system in China is examined to see how much of an impact it has on eco-innovation, as well as the relationship between green technology and innovation. The IFE test was utilized to determine whether or not the associations between variables such as GDP per capita, urbanization, green technology, higher education, and carbon dioxide emissions will continue to exist between 2004 and 2020 in China. The data for this analysis came from 30 of China's provinces. The findings of both the short-term and long-term CS-ARDL estimations demonstrated a positive link between eco-innovation and GDP per capita, green technology, higher education, and CO2 emissions. On the other hand, a negative correlation was found between urbanization and eco-innovation. The next topic covered in the research was how the effects of green technology might be seen in areas such as GDP per capita, higher education, and carbon dioxide emissions. The findings might provide valuable knowledge that developing economies can use to construct a feasible, sustainable path.

How economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk affect environmental pollution: does renewable energy consumption matter?

Climate change traps heat, affecting various species in previously dry areas. Climate change brought on by emissions of greenhouse gases exacerbates problems such as severe storms, earthquakes, epidemics, and food distribution. The group of developed and developing countries, the world's biggest carbon emitters and most significant economies, is expertly planning to lessen its environmental challenges and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13 set by the United Nations. This study uses the novel econometric methodologies of the dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) estimator, the augmented mean group (AMG) estimator, and the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimate to examine the influence of economic policy uncertainty, renewable energy consumption, geopolitical risk, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic growth on ecological footprint from 2000 to 2021. The results reveal that the variables are co-integrated; REC reduces carbon emissions, EPU, geopolitical risk, and economic growth contribute to increasing carbon emissions, while urbanization improves carbon emission. Finally, the results suggest that the developed and developing economies can progress toward SDGs 7 and 13 by using renewable energy, lowering the geopolitical risk, effectively handling policy uncertainty, and reducing urbanization.

How natural resources depletion, technological innovation, and globalization impact the environmental degradation in East and South Asian regions

Rapid economic expansion has caused resource depletion, globalization issues, and environmental deterioration. Globalization has highlighted East and South Asian mineral richness. This article investigates the effects of technological innovation (TI), natural resources, globalization, and renewable energy consumption (REC) on environmental deterioration in the East and South Asian region from 1990 to 2021. The cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) estimator is used to estimate short- and long-run slope parameters and dependencies across countries. The results demonstrate that many natural resources significantly enhance environmental degradation, while globalization, TI, and REC reduce emission levels in East and South Asian economies and that economic growth significantly degrades ecological quality. This research suggests that governments in the East and South Asian region develop suitable policies that promote the efficient use of natural resources via technological advancements. Furthermore, future policies regarding energy consumption, globalization, and economic development should be aligned with the aims of sustainable environmental development.

Do financial inclusion and environmental regulations affect the green economy? An empirical study with a generalized linear model

Reducing carbon emissions is an efficient strategy to cope with global warming, which continues to be a frightening element for environmental protection. However, the energy industry is responsible for a lot of pollution in the atmosphere. To promote a low-carbon growth model, it is essential to endorse financial inclusion and environmental regulations. This research uses panel data from 70 nations, covering 1995 to 2021, to examine the interplay between economic growth, human capital, urbanization, trade openness, and environmental regulation as the primary defining element of efficient energy. Several tests have been used to ensure that the data are typically distributed; these include the cross-sectional dependence test, the KMO test, and the Bartlett test. The generalized linear model and Driscoll-Kraay standard errors have also been implemented for interim and final analysis. Results show that low-carbon energy sources are guaranteed for certain economies when financial inclusion and environmental regulation are implemented. Economic development, urbanization, trade openness, and human capital significantly impact green economic recovery. In light of these findings, policymakers are working to increase energy efficiency and boost their citizens' living standards by promoting financial inclusion and environmental regulation like imposing environmental taxes and governmental laws for industries.

Assessing financial performance through green bond markets and energy reliance in Asian economies

This article's overarching goal is to learn more about the effects of financial performance on the reliance upon or migration to energy efficiency sources in Asian countries using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and system GMM from 2017 to 2022. The results demonstrated the importance of relying on renewable energy sources when expanding the electricity sector effectively in an Asian environment. This same influence of green bond financing on energy investment during an eco-friendly improving economy is in addition to the proportion of renewable energy demands, power usage to gross domestic product, power manufacturing stretchability, electricity usage stretchability, or the overall impact of renewable energy transformation. The analysis revealed that the organizational climate has implicit implications that advance wage activity and that Asian financial systems drove a 30% point transition in the period studied from traditional power generation manufacturing and use methods toward sustainable energy. With this, we see a dramatic increase in the use of green power. This is largely attributable to the widespread use of green financing in constructing hydroelectric facilities throughout Asia. The theoretical underpinnings and empirical setting of the research are both original. Moreover, the association between green bond issuance and green, sustainable growth in industry and agriculture supports the response theory. Major governmental aspects include modernizing and expanding the finance system, updating national efficiency metrics, and creating a technological long-term infrastructure market. While previous studies have looked into the connections between green finance and economic growth, technological advancements in the energy sector, environmental responsibility, and renewable energy sources, this study is the first to focus on how green finance facilitates the shift to renewable energy in Asia's economies. The study's findings suggest how to manage renewable energy in Asia in a way that could work.

Macroeconomic determinants and their impact on environmental sustainability: the role of cultural and creative product prices

China has to deal with the twin challenges of economic structural reform and carbon emission reduction against global warming. While investing in and constructing new infrastructure is great for the economy, it has also added to the carbon emissions of major cities. The product design industry has recently become increasingly interested in creating and pricing cultural and creative goods in specific provinces. Thanks to the burgeoning global cultural and creative sector, a new platform has opened up for the evolution and modernization of China's ancient cultural practices. Cultural creativity has broken the rigid design and production pattern of traditional products from a business point of view, increasing their economic advantages and competition. Also, this study examines ICT's main and moderate effect on carbon emissions in the 27 provinces of China's economy from 2003 to 2019 using panel estimators. The estimated outcomes show the positive contribution to environmental damages by physical capital, tourism, cultural product prices, innovative, creative prices, and trade openness, while ICT significantly reduces emissions. Besides the moderate role of the digital economy on physical capital, tourism, CP, ICP, and tourism significantly reduce CO2 emissions. However, the granger causality outcomes also show a robust analysis. Furthermore, this study also proposes some interesting policies to obtain environmental sustainability.

Ecological risk identification and assessment of land remediation project based on GIS technology

A land remediation project involves the removal of potentially toxic chemicals from a polluted site. Lands abandoned by industry are often contaminated with heavy metals like mercury, lead, chemicals, arsenic, and other toxins like dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane biphenyls from electronic devices, and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) from lubricants and chemicals. Risk assessment in environmental settings requires modernized systematic methodologies due to the complexity of today's environmental problems. When people eat, drink, or work in polluted environments, they put their health at risk and may even get cancer. Integrating geospatial information systems (GIS) with pollutant dispersion models makes environmental risk assessment and early warning possible. This research thus presents a GIS-based ecological risk identification and assessment model (GIS-ERIAM) for assessing risk for efficient land rehabilitation. Environmental cleanup sites' catalog information is the source of these details. With satellite imagery, GIS makes it simple to keep an eye on the environment and track the abundance of different types of plants and animals The ecological risk assessment (ERA) model can support recognition and prioritize risk management. By integrating direct and indirect environment interactions, the risk conditions of the whole ecology and its elements have been quantified and demonstrated in the study. The numerical outcomes illustrate that the recommended GIS-ERIAM model improves the performance by 98.9%, risk level prediction by 97.3%, risk classification by 96.4%, and detection of soil degradation ratio of 95.6% compared to other existing methods.

Assessing the role of sports economics and green supply chain management for the coordinative and coupling development of China's green economic growth

The significance of the sports economy to the national economy is growing as the country develops rapidly. The term "sports economy" is used to describe the economic activities that are directly or indirectly tied to sports. This work introduces a multi-objective optimization model for a green supply chain management system, intending to reduce the economic and environmental impact of storing and transporting potentially dangerous products. This research intends to examine the impact of the sports sector on green economic growth and competitiveness in the China region. An empirical analysis is conducted to determine the relationship between sports economics and green supply chain management by employing data on 25 provinces of the China region for 2000 and 2019. To fulfill this study's objective and determine the effect of carbon emission, this study will use renewable energy, sports economics, green supply chain management, information and communications technology, and waste recycling as explanatory variables. In order to obtain the desired objectives, the current study will use the short run and long run of the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag and pooled mean group tests. Besides, this study uses an augmented mean group, fully modified ordinary least square, and dynamic ordinary least square estimations for the robust check. In contrast, renewable energy, green supply chain management, sports economics, information and communications technology, and waste recycling decrease CO₂ emissions and, therefore, facilitate the carbon-abatement agenda of the China region.

An integration of oil price volatility, green energy consumption, and economic performance: assessing the mediating role of trade

The economic development of globalized economies is facing severe challenges in the context of a new era. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to assess how crucial factors like oil price fluctuations, renewable energy use, economic growth, the exchange rate, exports, imports, and trade affect the economic performance in the top 25 oil-importing countries using panel data from 2005 to 2021 collected annually. The present investigation employs a method for calculating the stability of associations between variables called AMG estimation. The robustness and reliability of CCEMG and DCCEMG estimates are tested in the present study. Consumption, exports, and trade in renewable energy all had a favorable effect on economic growth. The fluctuation of oil prices, the state of the economy, the currency exchange rate, and imports make things worse. In addition, the findings of the study indicate that the moderate effect of trade with fluctuating oil prices, rising finance, and economic expansion is aided by the current exchange rate. In addition to helping create an appropriate path forward for economic growth, the computed coefficients have policy implications for both the chosen developing economy and the other markets.

Assessing the effect of the improvement of environmental damage compensation legal system and green finance project on the re-establishment of the ecological environment

What are the relationships among environmental regulations, green finance, and environmental damages in countries? Existing literature supports the impact of green finance or green innovation on environmental quality, but rare studies query the cointegration among other core variables. We thus utilize the yearly data of 25 Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2021 to empirically examine the relationships among access to clean energy and technology, environmental regulation, renewable green investment, subsidy on green energy, and green finance index in environmental damage compensation via an augmented mean group (AMG) and other estimators. However, the current empirical research also investigates the individual linkage of green finance components with explained variables. Overall, this study confirms the existence of cointegration relationships among these variables. Moreover, the results of AMG suggest that access to clean fuels and technology, environmental regulations, and green finance can inversely affect the explained variable in the long term. Furthermore, environmental regulations and renewable green investment positively affect environmental damages, while a separate proxy of green finance also negatively affects explained variables in the selected provinces with better environmental performance. Our empirical findings offer important policy implications for overall emerging economies to promote subsidies, environmental regulations, and green finance to improve environmental damages compensation.

Renewable energy electricity, environmental taxes, and sustainable development: empirical evidence from E7 economies

Since globalization has increased both production and population, it has also increased environmental damage. This is why the development of renewable energy sources is crucial to the survival of humanity and the planet itself. Business patterns across the various nations, however, have changed significantly over time. This study examines how environmental taxes and renewable energy electricity affect renewable energy consumption in emerging seven economies by using panel dataset over the period of 1990 to 2020. Control variables include economic growth, carbon emissions, and environmental innovation. The results confirmed the presence of the long-run co-integration association, the existence of slope coefficient heterogeneity, and the dependency of cross sections using several panel data methods. Since the data was not normally distributed, a new technique known as method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) was applied in this study. The projected results contend that the major factors of renewable energy consumption are renewable energy output, environmental taxation, economic growth, and carbon emissions. However, eco-friendly innovations drastically cut back on the need for renewable energy. Bootstrap quantile regression verifies the results' reliability, and the panel Granger causality test corroborates that the listed factors have a bidirectional causal relationship with renewable energy usage. Furthermore, this research recommends boosting spending on renewable electricity, the environmental tax sector, and ecological innovation in order to expand the use of renewable energy.

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on economic recovery: role of potential regulatory responses and corporate liquidity

We use a variety of organization-level datasets to examine the effectiveness and efficiency of the nations for the coronavirus epidemic. COVID-19 subsidies appear to have saved a significant number of jobs and maintained economic activity during the first wave of the epidemic, according to conclusions drawn from the experiences of EU member countries. General allocation rules may yield near-optimal outcomes in favor of allocation, as firms with high ecological footprints or zombie firms have lower access to government financing than more favorable, commercially owned, and export-inclination firms. Our assumptions show that the pandemic has a considerable negative impact on firm earnings and the percentage of illiquid and non-profitable businesses. Although they are statistically significant, government wage subsidies have a modest impact on corporate losses compared to the magnitude of the economic shock. Larger enterprises, which receive a lesser proportion of the aid, have more room to increase their trade liabilities or liabilities to linked entities. In contrast, according to our estimations, SMEs stand a greater danger of insolvency.

The response of green finance toward the sustainable environment: the role of renewable energy development and institutional quality

The problem for developed and developing economies is achieving sustainable development and cleaner production. Income, institutional regulations, institutional quality, and international trade are the primary factors of environmental externalities. This research looks at 29 provinces in China between 2000 and 2020 to determine the effect of green finance, environmental regulations, income, urbanization, and waste management on renewable energy generation. Similarly, the current study uses the CUP-FM and CUP-BC for the empirical estimation. More precisely, the study shows the positive influences of environmental taxes, green finance index, income, urbanization, and waste management in renewable energy investment. However, the different measures of green finance, such as financial depth, financial stability, and financial efficiency, also positively contribute to renewable energy investment. Therefore, it can be considered the best solution to environmental sustainability. However, imperative policy implications are given to attain the peak of renewable energy investment.

Analysing the impact of geopolitical risk and economic policy uncertainty on the environmental sustainability: evidence from BRICS countries

This key article seeks to empirically examine the impact of geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty (EPU), natural resources, and renewable energy on a country's ecological footprint, a proxy for environmental sustainability on a national scale. We conducted a quantitative study using the cross-sectional autoregressive distributive lag, augmented mean group, and common correlated effect mean group estimation models, as well as a few tests such as the CD test, Westerlund's co-integration, and CIPS and CADF unit root tests, beginning in January 2000 and ending in January 2021, to determine the data's reliability. The findings indicate that while GPR and renewable energy sources lessen the ecological footprint (EF), EPU and the use of non-renewable energy enhance the EF. The study's scope is narrowed to the BRICS nations, but its implications for expanding existing knowledge and shaping policy are enormous. The results can aid decision-makers in preparing for the possibility of unexpected events causing harm to the economy. The reliability of the evidence can be strengthened by employing more stringent research methods. This study's dimensions reflect the current research paradigm. The research has policy implications for achieving sustainable development goals in emerging economies.

Assessment of the role of renewable energy financing and information and communication technology in carbon neutrality: evidence from RCEP economies

Understanding the correlation between the various forms of financing and their propensity to invest in renewable energy (RE) innovation is crucial for its successful financing. We investigate the "path" taken by innovators in the financial sector. The UN Secretary-General announced the Sustainable Energy for All Initiative in 2012 to ensure that all people can access reliable, modern energy services by 2030. Substantial monetary and technological investments at a rate much surpassing historical levels are required to accomplish this goal. This research is aimed at determining if the combination of REF and ICT may help improve environmental quality. Using econometric methods, we examine time series data from RCEP economies from 2000 to 2019. This study describes another determinant of carbon emission: economic growth, tourism, and trade openness. The study employs Cup-FM and Cup-BC tests to check the results of variables in this study. The effect of economic growth, tourism, and trade significantly positively impacts carbon emissions in this model. However, renewable energy finance and ICT adversely impact the carbon emission level. Moreover, the moderate effect of renewable energy finance on information and communication technology, tourism, and trade is found to have a negative impact on carbon emissions. The policy recommendations suggest how a country can minimize carbon emissions.

Assessing the determinants of renewable energy and energy efficiency on technological innovation: Role of human capital development and investement

With rising global production and population, the globalized globe has also seen severe environmental damage. This is why renewable energy sources are important for the planet's future and human progress. In order to fight climate change and decrease emissions, promoting energy efficiency is one of the most valuable strategies. Trade patterns across borders, however, have significantly evolved. This analysis provides new evidence regarding the influence of technological progress, and more specifically, industrial innovation, on the OECD countries' international competitiveness. This article aims to analyse the effects of international commerce, FDI, and human capital on the development of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency measures, and cutting-edge technologies. In this analysis, we look at how different variables, including GDP per capita, trade, FDI, human capital, and urbanization, affect one another. To conduct the analysis, researchers used a pool of annual time series data from 2000 to 2019 for OECD economies. The long-term relationship between the variables is estimated using the AMG estimation, Cup-FM, and Cup-BC test. AMG estimation, Cup-FM estimation, and Cup-BC estimation were all used, providing valid results for the investigation. Research shows that energy efficiency, renewable energy, and technological innovation are negatively affected by FDI and urbanization but positively affected by GDP per capita, trade, and human capital. There is no statistically significant effect of human capital on the dependent variables. The estimated results also provide important policy consequences for the chosen and the other emerging economies in creating an adequate route ahead to sustainable development.

Evaluating low-carbon economic peer effects of green finance and ICT for sustainable development: a Chinese perspective

With the adoption of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement, ADB's involvement should not be ignored. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and ADB have teamed up to provide climate change financing for developing countries. Included in this is climate protection finance, the financing method that offers cash to assist the region in achieving ecological responsibility. Using a systematic framework, the researchers in this study examined the rationale for building a cohort result of green management in China in the new phase of the country's development. As part of a multiplicative framework, the long-term correlation between variables is quantified using the dynamic common correlated effect (D-CCE) and interactive fixed effect. According to the findings, renewable energy and green financing are good environmental indicators. Environmental degradation is negatively affected by green governance. Some people are concerned about how to dispose of ICT, yet on the other side, ICT can help cut carbon emissions with new clean technologies. Moreover, the findings show that urbanization and per capita income increase carbon emissions. The results suggest that Chinese officials need to support reducing carbon emissions through the development of ICT infrastructure, green financing, and renewable energy.

Does environmental psychology matter: role of green finance and government spending for sustainable development

Over 30% of the global GDP and 60% of the worldwide population are involved in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), making it one of the greatest development projects in the world. If infrastructure developments in BRI countries are successful, economic growth in those nations will increase dramatically. Using data from 2005 to 2020, this research examines the relationships between environmental psychology, green finance, and sustainable development and variables such as GDP per capita and its square, green financing, government expenditure, and human capital in 57 strategically chosen BRI economies. Economists used cutting-edge techniques that take into account multiple variables at once in their analysis, such as cross-sectional dependence, unit root testing, co-integration analysis, IFE estimation, dynamic panel data (DCCE), and generalized method of moments (system GMM). The findings indicate that green financing, government spending, and GDP per capita squared reduce emissions of carbon dioxide. In this analysis, the level of human capital is similar to GDP per capita in its beneficial effect on carbon emissions. Carbon emissions are negatively impacted by government spending, which has a minor effect on GDP per capita, green financing, and human capital. Using the results of this study, the authors offer recommendations for how a country can reduce its carbon output.

Assessing the impact of entrepreneurial education activity on entrepreneurial intention and behavior: role of behavioral entrepreneurial mindset

This study explores the relationship between Entrepreneurship Education (EE) and Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI) using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). From January through May of 2022, students from 10 Chinese institutions were surveyed using an online questionnaire. According to the research, students' EI scores rose significantly after participating in EE. In addition, students in China had a more significant impact on EI regarding factors like perceived feasibility and desirability. This study extends the body of knowledge about the connection between prior exposure and early intervention (EI) by demonstrating the beneficial effects of PE on EI. In addition, the results suggest that girls have lower EI than males, which is good news for gender equality. Lastly, the behavioral entrepreneur attitude has a favorable correlation with EI. Policymakers and university administrators might use the findings to understand better how and when extracurricular activities (EE) improve students' emotional intelligence (EI). A pioneering empirical study in a developing South-Asian setting shows the relevance of EE on EI among students at private universities. According to the study, EE generates EI, and entrepreneurial enthusiasm is crucial.

Does green technology advancement and renewable electricity standard impact on carbon emissions in China: role of green finance

Renewable energy growth should be accelerated in order to meet our goal of carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions. Laws like the Renewable Electricity Standard (RES) are becoming increasingly important in producing renewable energy. Using green technology advancements is seen as balancing economic growth with environmental security. Though the connection between green technology advancements and CO₂ emissions is poorly understood, empirical research is lacking, especially in developing countries. Climate change action now falls under a single overarching contract, signed in Paris on November 4, 2016. Global warming mitigation aims to keep temperature increases to no more than 2 °C above preindustrial levels. By 2060, China intends to reach carbon neutrality by developing green technologies (GTI). Because of these interconnections, this research explores the relationship between green technology innovation (GI) and renewable energy investment (REI) in selected Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2019. GI, REI, urbanization, industrial value-added, and income per capita were all considered in the STIRPAT model. We used a panel of chosen regions to test two relatively new panel estimation methods empirically: "continuously updated fully modified" (Cup-FM) and "continuously updated bias-corrected" (Cup-BC). According to our findings, urbanization and green technological developments positively impact CO₂ emission reduction. The panel also finds that investments in renewable energy and the industrial sector fail to reduce pollution levels. A positive and negative coefficient of income per capita indicates that the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis is valid for the Chinese provinces. The results provide vital strategy insights and recommendations for the panel of experts and countries worldwide.

Assessing the impact of R&D Investments, government subsidies on energy efficiency: empirical analysis from the Chinese listed firms

China's "Made in China (2025)" strategic plan aims to increase the industrial sector's ability to innovate independently. Cleaner production and green technology will also be used to build green industrial systems. To help achieve these goals, the Chinese government has implemented research and development (R&D) preferential policies. Over the years 2010-2020, this article examines how government subsidies and R&D spending will affect China's energy-intensive enterprises' energy efficiency using the CS-ARDL approach. It also evaluates the effectiveness of economic growth, urbanization, and financial resources on energy efficiency. The outcome reveals that R&D expenditures and economic growth contribute to energy efficiency. Likewise, the findings of urbanization, financial resources, and government subsidies are inversely associated with energy efficiency. Moreover, the panel causality test results show the bi-directional association between urbanization and energy efficiency, government subsidies and energy efficiency, and economic growth and energy efficiency. Likewise, the one-way causal association from R&D expenditures to energy efficiency and from financial resources to energy efficiency. The findings suggest the imperative policies to boost the level of energy efficiency.

Assessing the impact of green finance and urbanization on the tourism industry-an empirical study in China

There is a dearth of empirical studies looking at the link between green economic development and tourism in quantifiable terms. Using panel data from China's 30 provinces from 2005 to 2018, this study investigates the impact of green finance on China's tourism industry. Using renewable energy, income per capita, carbon emissions, and urbanizations as explanatory factors is also utilized. According to estimation, the findings reveal that green finance substantially impacts the tourism business. This positive effect is more pronounced in provinces where economic and social conditions are better, thus boosting the region's tourism industry. The same holds for income per capita, renewable energy, and environmental factors. In addition, urbanization has a negligible effect on the variable being studied. A further way to boost the growth of tourism is through the use of green finance. The empirical findings can benefit China's green financial planning and environmental sustainability.

How green finance reduces CO2 emissions for green economic recovery: empirical evidence from E7 economies

The present study examines the effects of green finance on green economic performance index in the presence of income per capita, corporate social responsibilities, green energy, and technical innovations in emerging seven (E7) countries from 2005 to 2018. This study employed second-generation panel cointegration methodologies. The result of the cross-sectional dependency and slope heterogeneity test confirms that the panels are correlated and there exists slope heterogeneity. The results for the short- and long-run confirm the relationship between green economic performance index, green finance, GDPC, technological innovation, CSR, and green energy. In both the short- and long-run, green finance, technological innovation, and CSR decrease the carbon emissions and increase green economic growth, whereas income per capita and GDPC significantly increase the carbon emissions. The robustness check findings obtained D-H panel causality test validate the results. Reducing energy usage by adopting efficient technologies should be encouraged through green financing reforms implemented by policymakers.