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Lu Y, Jie X, Zou F, Wang D, Da H, Li H, Zhao H, He J, Liu J, Fan X, Liu Y. Investigation analysis of the acute asthma risk factor and phenotype based on relational analysis with outdoor air pollutants in Xi'an, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:75. [PMID: 38367077 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01816-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic heterogeneous disease. Outdoor air pollutants are an important cause of acute asthma. Until now, the association between the risk of acute asthma and outdoor air pollutants is unclear. And the relationship between the different phenotypes of asthma and outdoor air pollutants has not been reported. Thus, an analysis of the association between outdoor air pollutants and daily acute asthma inpatient and outpatient visits in Xi'an, China, from January 1 to December 31, 2018, was conducted. A total of 3395 people were included in the study. The statistical analysis and relational analysis based on the logistic regression were used for illustrating the relatedness of the acute asthma risk factor and phenotype with outdoor air pollutants, while the age, gender, pollen peak and non-pollen peak periods, high type 2 (T2) asthma and non-high T2 asthma were also stratified. Results showed that particulate matter with particle size below 10 μm and 2.5 μm (PM10 and PM2.5), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), and carbon monoxide(CO) increase the risk of acute asthma and that air pollutants have a lagged effect on asthma patients. PM10, NO2, CO, and Ozone (O3) are associated with an increased risk of acute attacks of high T2 asthma. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO are associated with an increased risk of acute asthma in males of 0-16 years old. PM10 and PM2.5 are more harmful to asthma patients with abnormal lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Ganzhou Fifth People's Hospital, Ganzhou, 341007, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xueyan Jie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongju Da
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianghao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xinping Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Li Y, Wang P, Shao X, Peng F, Lv D, Du H, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu F, Chen C. Asthma prevalence based on the Baidu index and China's Health Statistical Yearbook from 2011 to 2020 in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1221852. [PMID: 37869190 PMCID: PMC10586501 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1221852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to environmental pollution, changes in lifestyle, and advancements in diagnostic technology, the prevalence of asthma has been increasing over the years. Although China has made early efforts in asthma epidemiology and prevention, there is still a lack of unified and comprehensive epidemiological research within the country. The objective of the study is to determine the nationwide prevalence distribution of asthma using the Baidu Index and China's Health Statistical Yearbook. Methods Based on China's Health Statistical Yearbook, we analyzed the gender and age distribution of asthma in China from 2011 to 2020, as well as the length of hospitalization and associated costs. By utilizing the Baidu Index and setting the covering all 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China, we obtained the Baidu Index for the keyword 'asthma'. Heatmaps and growth ratios described the prevalence and growth of asthma in mainland China. Results The average expenditure for discharged asthma (standard deviation) patients was ¥5,870 (808). The average length of stay (standard deviation) was 7.9 (0.38) days. During the period of 2011 to 2020, hospitalization expenses for asthma increased while the length of hospital stay decreased. The proportion of discharged patients who were children under the age of 5 were 25.3% (2011), 19.4% (2012), 16% (2013), 17.9% (2014), 13.9% (2015), 11.3% (2016), 10.2% (2017), 9.4% (2018), 8.1% (2019), and 7.2% (2020), respectively. The prevalence of asthma among boys was higher than girls before the age of 14. In contrast, the proportion of women with asthma was larger than men after the age of 14. During the period from 2011 to 2020, the median [The first quartile (Q1)-the third quartile (Q3)] daily asthma Baidu index in Guangdong, Beijing, Jiangsu, Sichuan, and Zhejiang were 419 (279-476), 328 (258-376), 315 (227-365), 272 (166-313), and 312 (233-362) respectively. Coastal regions showed higher levels of attention toward asthma, indicating a higher incidence rate. Since 2014, there has been a rapid increase in the level of attention toward asthma, with the provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, and Guangdong experiencing the fastest growth. Conclusion There are regional variations in the prevalence of asthma among different provinces in China, and the overall prevalence of asthma is increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Li
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xuekun Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fulai Peng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Danyang Lv
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Haitao Du
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xingchen Wang
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
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Wang D, Wang Y, Liu Q, Sun W, Wei L, Ye C, Zhu R. Association of Air Pollution with the Number of Common Respiratory Visits in Children in a Heavily Polluted Central City, China. TOXICS 2023; 11:815. [PMID: 37888666 PMCID: PMC10610878 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Children's respiratory health is vulnerable to air pollution. Based on data collected from June 2019 to June 2022 at a children's hospital in Zhengzhou, China, this study utilized Spearman correlation analysis and a generalized additive model (GAM) to examine the relationship between daily visits for common respiratory issues in children and air pollutant concentrations. Results show that the number of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), pneumonia (PNMN), bronchitis (BCT), and bronchiolitis (BCLT) visits in children showed a positive correlation with PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO while exhibiting a negative correlation with temperature and relative humidity. The highest increases in PNMN visits in children were observed at lag 07 for NO2, SO2, and CO. A rise of 10 μg/m3 in NO2, 1 μg/m3 in SO2, and 0.1 mg/m3 in CO corresponded to an increase of 9.7%, 2.91%, and 5.16% in PNMN visits, respectively. The effects of air pollutants on the number of BCT and BCLT visits were more pronounced in boys compared to girls, whereas no significant differences were observed in the number of URTI and PNMN visits based on sex. Overall, air pollutants significantly affect the prevalence of respiratory diseases in children, and it is crucial to improve air quality to protect the children's respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China; (D.W.); (Q.L.); (C.Y.)
- Emergency Department, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Henan, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.W.); (W.S.)
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China; (D.W.); (Q.L.); (C.Y.)
- Emergency Department, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Henan, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Wenxin Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.W.); (W.S.)
| | - Liangkui Wei
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China; (D.W.); (Q.L.); (C.Y.)
- Emergency Department, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Henan, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Chengxin Ye
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China; (D.W.); (Q.L.); (C.Y.)
- Emergency Department, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Henan, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Rencheng Zhu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.W.); (W.S.)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Environmental exposures, such as allergens and pollutants, are ubiquitous factors associated with asthma development and asthma morbidity. In this review, we highlight the most recent studies relevant to childhood asthma risk, onset, and exacerbation related to air pollution exposure. RECENT FINDINGS In this article, we review current research that has been published between 2021 and 2022, demonstrating the effects of early-life exposure to key air pollutants (e.g., particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and ground-level ozone (O 3 ), environmental tobacco smoke, radon, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) on respiratory health. SUMMARY Air pollution continues to be a global burden with serious consequences related to respiratory health. Interventions aimed at reducing air pollution in the environment must be achieved in an effort to improve asthma outcomes and pediatric health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Mukharesh
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Harvard Medical School
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan M Gaffin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
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Zhou X, Guo M, Li Z, Yu X, Huang G, Li Z, Zhang X, Liu L. Associations between air pollutant and pneumonia and asthma requiring hospitalization among children aged under 5 years in Ningbo, 2015-2017. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1017105. [PMID: 36777770 PMCID: PMC9908005 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with an increased incidence of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and asthma, especially in younger children. We investigated the relationship between rates of hospitalization of children aged under 5 years for pneumonia and asthma and the concentration of air pollutants in Ningbo between January 1, 2015 and August 29, 2017. Methods Data were obtained from the Ningbo Air Quality Data Real-time Publishing System and the big data platform of the Ningbo Health Information Center. A generalized additive model was established via logarithmic link function and utilized to evaluate the effect of pollutant concentration on lag dimension and perform sensitivity analysis. Results A total of 10,301 cases of pneumonia and 115 cases of asthma were identified over the course of this study. Results revealed that PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 were significantly associated with hospitalization for pneumonia and asthma in children under 5 years of age. For every 10-unit increase in lag03 air pollutant concentration, hospitalization for pneumonia and asthma due to PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 increased by 2.22% (95%CI: 0.64%, 3.82%), 1.94% (95%CI: 0.85%, 3.04%), 11.21% (95%CI: 4.70%, 18.10%) and 5.42% (95%CI: 3.07%, 7.82%), respectively. Discussion Adverse effects of air pollutants were found to be more severe in children aged 1 to 5 years and adverse effects due to PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 were found to be more severe in girls. Our findings underscore the need for implementation of effective public health measures to urgently improve air quality and reduce pediatric hospitalizations due to respiratory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiping Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Xiaohong Zhang ✉
| | - Liya Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China,Liya Liu ✉
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