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Silva DW, Batista FG, Scatolino MV, Mascarenhas ARP, De Medeiros DT, Tonoli GHD, Lazo DAÁ, Caselli FDTR, de Souza TM, Alves Junior FT. Developing a Biodegradable Film for Packaging with Lignocellulosic Materials from the Amazonian Biodiversity. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3646. [PMID: 37688272 PMCID: PMC10490257 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of packaging films made from renewable raw materials, which cause low environmental impact, has gained attention due to their attractive properties, which have become an exciting option for synthetic films. In this study, cellulose micro/nanofibrils (MFC/NFC) films were produced with forest residues from the Amazon region and evaluated for their potential to generate alternative packaging to traditional plastic packaging. The MFC/NFC were obtained by mechanical fibrillation from fibers of açaí seeds (Euterpe oleracea), titica vine (Heteropsis flexuosa), and commercial pulps of Eucalyptus sp. for comparison. The fibrillation of the titica vine culminated in higher energy expenditure on raw materials. The açaí films showed a higher tensile strength (97.2 MPa) compared to the titica films (46.2 MPa), which also showed a higher permeability rate (637.3 g day-1 m-2). Films of all raw materials scored the highest in the grease resistance test (n° 12). The films produced in the study showed potential for use in packaging for light and low moisture products due to their adequate physical, mechanical, and barrier characteristics. New types of pre-treatments or fibrillation methods ecologically correct and viable for reducing energy consumption must be developed, mainly for a greater success of titica vine fibrillation at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danillo Wisky Silva
- Department of Production Engineering, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Post-Graduate Program in Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer for Innovation (PROFNIT), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil; (D.W.S.); (F.T.A.J.)
| | - Felipe Gomes Batista
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras—UFLA, Lavras 37203-202, MG, Brazil; (F.G.B.); (D.T.D.M.); (G.H.D.T.)
| | - Mário Vanoli Scatolino
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Dayane Targino De Medeiros
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras—UFLA, Lavras 37203-202, MG, Brazil; (F.G.B.); (D.T.D.M.); (G.H.D.T.)
| | - Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras—UFLA, Lavras 37203-202, MG, Brazil; (F.G.B.); (D.T.D.M.); (G.H.D.T.)
| | | | - Francisco de Tarso Ribeiro Caselli
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Post-Graduate Program in Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer for Innovation (PROFNIT), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
| | - Tiago Marcolino de Souza
- Department of Production Engineering, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil;
| | - Francisco Tarcísio Alves Junior
- Department of Production Engineering, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Post-Graduate Program in Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer for Innovation (PROFNIT), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil; (D.W.S.); (F.T.A.J.)
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Dias MC, Zidanes UL, Mascarenhas ARP, Setter C, Scatolino MV, Martins MA, Mori FA, Belgacem MN, Tonoli GHD, Ferreira SR. Mandacaru cactus as a source of nanofibrillated cellulose for nanopaper production. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123850. [PMID: 36863677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was extracted from cactus Cereus jamacaru DC. (mandacaru) for nanopaper production. The technique adopted includes alkaline treatment, bleaching, and grinding treatment. The NFC was characterized according to its properties and scored based on a quality index. Particle homogeneity, turbidity, and microstructure of the suspensions were evaluated. Correspondingly, the optical and physical-mechanical properties of the nanopapers were investigated. The chemical constituents of the material were analyzed. The sedimentation test and the zeta potential analyzed the stability of the NFC suspension. The morphological investigation was performed using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that Mandacaru NFC has high crystallinity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical analysis were also used and revealed good thermal stability and good mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, the application of mandacaru is interesting in sectors such as packaging and electronic device development, as well as in composite materials. Given its score of 72 points on a quality index, this material was presented as an attractive, facile, and innovative source for obtaining NFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Cordazzo Dias
- Department of Forest Engineering, State University of Amapá, AP. Av. Pres. Vargas, 650- Central, Macapá, AP 68900-070, Brazil; Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Uasmim Lira Zidanes
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil; Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Rondônia, 76940-000 Rolim de Moura, RO, Brazil
| | - Carine Setter
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário Vanoli Scatolino
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-arid, 59625-900 Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Martins
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture, Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Akira Mori
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Mohamed Naceur Belgacem
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LGP2, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Saulo Rocha Ferreira
- Department of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
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de Amorim Dos Santos A, Silva MJFE, Scatolino MV, Durães AFS, Dias MC, Damásio RAP, Tonoli GHD. Comparison of pre-treatments mediated by endoglucanase and TEMPO oxidation for eco-friendly low-cost energy production of cellulose nanofibrils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4934-4948. [PMID: 35978240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Specific kinds of enzymes have been used as an eco-friendly pre-treatment for mechanical extraction of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from vegetal pulps. Another well-established pre-treatment is the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation, which has gained considerable attention. Pre-treatments assist in fiber swelling, facilitating mechanical fibrillation, and reducing energy consumption; however, some of these methods are extremely expensive. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of enzymatic pre-treatment with endoglucanase on the energy consumption during mechanical fibrillation of cellulose pulps. Bleached pulps from Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. were pre-treated with endoglucanase enzyme compared to TEMPO-meditated oxidation. Average diameters of CNFs pre-treated with enzymes were close to that found for TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrils (TOCNFs). Results showed that enzymatic pre-treatment did not significantly modify the pulp chemical and morphological characteristics with efficient stabilization of the CNFs suspension at higher supernatant turbidity. Energy consumption of pulps treated with endoglucanase enzymes was lower than that shown by pulps treated with TEMPO, reaching up to 58% of energy savings. The enzyme studied in the pulp treatment showed high efficiency in reducing energy consumption during mechanical fibrillation and production of films with high mechanical quality, being an eco-friendly option for pulp treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan de Amorim Dos Santos
- Forest Science Department, University of Lavras, University Campus, P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Mário Vanoli Scatolino
- Agricultural Sciences Center, Federal University of the Semiarid (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Alisson Farley Soares Durães
- Forest Science Department, University of Lavras, University Campus, P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus Cordazzo Dias
- Forest Science Department, University of Lavras, University Campus, P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
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