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Zhang M, Shang R, Zhang H, Hong Z, Yu K, Kan G, Xiong H, Song D, Jiang Y, Jiang J. Microsyringe-based slug-flow microextraction for rapid and accurate determination of antibiotics in highly saline seawater. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1313:342790. [PMID: 38862205 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive use of antibiotics leads to widespread environmental pollution, endangering ecosystems, and human health. It is particularly concerning, posing global threats requiring urgent attention and action. In this regard, the shift to mass spectrometry in determining antibiotics is highly desirable. Significant progress has been made in analyzing and optimizing the sensitivity of high-salt samples. However, the persistence of cumbersome operational procedures presents a significant challenge to this shift. Thus, the persistence of complex operational procedures needs to be addressed. RESULTS In this study, a rapid and direct method for determining antibiotics in highly saline environmental water samples using microsyringe-based slug-flow microextraction (MSFME)-droplet spray ionization (DSI) mass spectrometry (MS) has been described. The proposed method successfully detected clarithromycin, ofloxacin, and sulfadimidine in seawater within a linear range of 1-1200 ng mL-1, with low limits of detection of 0.19 ng mL-1, 0.17 ng mL-1, and 0.20 ng mL-1, respectively (Signal/Noise = 3). Additionally, spiked real seawater samples of all three antibiotics demonstrated satisfactory recoveries (95.1-107.5%) and precision (RSD≤8.8%). The MSFME-treated high-salt sample (3.5 wt%) showed a mass spectral response intensity 4-5 orders of magnitude higher than the untreated medium-salt sample (0.35 wt%). Furthermore, exploration of the applicability of MSFME showed that it is suitable not only for high-salinity (3.5 wt%) samples but also for salt-free or low-salt and hard water samples rich in calcium and magnesium ions. SIGNIFICANCE Comparisons with other methods, complex laboratory setups for sample processing are now simplified to a single step, completing the entire process, including desalination and detection, MSFME-DSI-MS provides faster results in less than 1 min while maintaining sensitivity comparable to that of other detection methods. In conclusion, this advancement provides an exceptionally simplified protocol for the rapid, highly sensitive, and quantitative determination of antibiotics in environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
| | - Ruonan Shang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ziying Hong
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Huixia Xiong
- Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiaonan Guan Street 8, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yanxiao Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (WeiHai), Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China.
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Xia J, Bao Y, Gao Y, Li J. The effects of temperature and sulfamethoxazole on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116122. [PMID: 38340373 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The misuse of antibiotics has brought potential ecological risks to marine ecosystems, especially under a changing climate. Laboratory experiments were conducted to understand the impact of rising temperatures and antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) abuse on marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Temperatures of 21 and 24 °C were optimal for the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of P. tricornutum. When exposed to higher temperatures (≥27 °C), the growth and photosynthesis were inhibited. High concentrations of SMX (≥100 mg/L) caused rapid and acute toxicological effects on the phytoplankton. In contrast, low concentrations of SMX (1 mg/L) exhibited hormesis. When P. tricornutum was exposed to SMX at high temperatures, the stress on the phytoplankton was even more pronounced. This suggests that the combination of rising temperatures and antibiotic pollution may have a more significant negative impact on marine phytoplankton than either stressor alone. Neglecting the interaction between these stressors may lead to underestimating their combined effects on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yalin Bao
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yonghui Gao
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ji Li
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Yan F, An L, Xu X, Du W, Dai R. A review of antibiotics in surface water and their removal by advanced electrocoagulation technologies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167737. [PMID: 37827312 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics have posed a serious threat to environment and human health, and even given rise to antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Antibiotics are ubiquitous in surface water worldwide with concentrations ranging from ng/L to μg/L level, being widely detected in rivers, lakes, seawater, and even drinking water. To address this thorny issue, numerous advanced technologies have been implemented to remove antibiotics. Advanced electrocoagulation (AEC) technologies, known as the combination of EC and other technologies capable of generating •OH in situ, have garnered considerable attention owing to their advances and high efficiency. This critical review investigated >120 relevant publications from the last few years (2017-2023) for the global distribution of commonly used antibiotics in surface water and their removal by various AEC technologies. Significant AEC technologies, such as combined electro-Fenton and EC (EF-EC) and combined electro-oxidation and EC (EO-EC), were reviewed. Their mechanism and characteristics were detailed. The major research results on removing antibiotics or the application potentials were elaborately described and discussed. Finally, the application trends of AEC technologies, as well as the challenges that may arise were prospected. The recommendations for controlling global antibiotic contamination in surface water were shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lili An
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ruihua Dai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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