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Meena PL, Surela AK. Review on polyaniline-based nanocomposite heterogeneous catalysts for catalytic reduction of hazardous water pollutants. RSC Adv 2024; 14:26801-26819. [PMID: 39184004 PMCID: PMC11342828 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02550d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Water contamination by highly toxic substances has generated serious ecological disturbances and health problems for humans. Hence, decontamination of toxic pollutants using advanced, inexpensive, and eco-friendly approaches is the current demand. Heterogeneous catalyst-based catalytic reduction processes have offered the opportunity to transform hazardous water pollutants into non-hazardous products via sustainable, eco-friendly, and efficient routes and might be a competitive substitute for existing traditional water purification techniques. However, the key challenges linked with pure heterogeneous catalysts include agglomeration and poor dispersion, stability, recovery, and reusability, which result in poor activity and efficiency. Thus, it is essential to produce multipurpose polymer-based composite catalysts using conducting polymers, which are exceptionally good supportive and matrix materials. The blending of metal-based nanomaterials with polyaniline conducting polymers produces highly stable and efficient heterogeneous nanocomposite catalysts with amazing catalytic activity against a wide range of water pollutants. The heterogeneous catalytic reductive degradation of immensely toxic pollutant water has gained substantial curiosity because of its excellent physicochemical and surface characteristics, porous structure, recoverability, and recyclability. Therefore, this review presents the latest efforts to generate various polyaniline-based nanocomposite catalysts using a polyaniline matrix and various nanofiller materials and their potential applications in heterogeneous catalytic reduction degradation of water pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Kumar Surela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004 India
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Abbasi M, Aziz R, Rafiq MT, Bacha AUR, Ullah Z, Ghaffar A, Mustafa G, Nabi I, Hayat MT. Efficient performance of InP and InP/ZnS quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of toxic aquatic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19986-20000. [PMID: 38368301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the growing concern over the presence of toxic aquatic pollutants has prompted intensive research into effective and environmentally friendly remediation methods. Photocatalysis using semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) has developed as a promising technology for pollutant degradation. Among various QD materials, indium phosphide (InP) and its hybrid with zinc sulfide (ZnS) have gained considerable attention due to their unique optical and photocatalytic properties. Herein, InP and InP/ZnS QDs were employed for the removal of dyes (crystal violet, and congo red), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pyrene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene), and pesticides (deltamethrin) in the presence of visible light. The degradation efficiencies of crystal violet (CV) and congo red (CR) were 74.54% and 88.12% with InP, and 84.53% and 91.78% with InP/ZnS, respectively, within 50 min of reaction. The InP/ZnS showed efficient performance for the removal of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). For example, the removal percentage for naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene was 99.8%, 99.6%, and 88.97% after the photocatalytic reaction. However, the removal percentage of InP/ZnS for pesticide deltamethrin was 90.2% after 90 min light irradiation. Additionally, advanced characterization techniques including UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), photoluminescence (PL), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) elemental mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze the crystal structure, morphology, and purity of the fabricated materials in detail. The particle size results obtained from TEM are in the range of 2.28-4.60 nm. Both materials (InP and InP/ZnS) exhibited a spherical morphology, displaying distinct lattice fringes. XRD results of InP depicted lattice planes (111), (220), and (311) in good agreement with cubic geometry. Furthermore, the addition of dopants was discovered to enhance the thermal stability of the fabricated material. In addition, QDs exhibited efficacy in the breakdown of PAHs. The analysis of their fragmentation suggests that the primary mechanism for PAHs degradation is the phthalic acid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rukhsanda Aziz
- Environmental Science Program, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Rafiq
- Environmental Science Program, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Ur Rahim Bacha
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zahid Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Isotope Application Division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Nabi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Malik Tahir Hayat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
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