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Sofuoğlu Z, Turhan Damar H, Sehitoglu Alpagut G, Calik B, Kebapci E, Gulmez H, Kurtulus M, Damar M. Evaluation of Older People's Presentations to the Emergency Department With Pain During and Before the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pain Manag Nurs 2025; 26:312-318. [PMID: 39814623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the tendency of older adults to present to the emergency department with pain complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. METHODS A cross-sectional, retrospective study design was used. Data were collected from the electronic medical records of older people who presented to emergency departments with pain before (March 2019-March 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020-July 2021). We identified 10 pain diagnosis groups using ICD-10 codes. Patient data were grouped and cleaned using SQL scripts on the Oracle database. RESULTS It was determined that 13.3% of 405,404 older people had presented to the emergency department with pain between March 2019 and July 2021. There was a 14.2% decrease in such admissions during the pandemic period. In the study, an increase was observed in the rates of older adults presenting to the emergency department with myalgia and joint pain. In contrast, the rates of those presenting with low back and neck pain, headache, eye pain, dysuria, and acute pain decreased during the pandemic. In the regression analysis, predictors for older adults' presentation to the emergency department with pain included age over 85 years (OR: 1.403), female gender (OR: 1.053), and myalgia (OR: 2.471). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, our study revealed fewer presentations to the emergency department for pain-related complaints. To prevent severe health problems from delayed care, we recommend expanding telemedicine, remote pain management, and home-based care. Further research is needed to examine the long-term effects of increased myalgia and joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Sofuoğlu
- Medical Faculty, Department of Public Health, Izmir Democracy University.
| | | | | | - Bulent Calik
- General Surgery, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, 44090, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Eyup Kebapci
- Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Bakırcay University
| | - Hakan Gulmez
- Medical Faculty, Department of Family Medicine, Izmir Democracy University
| | - Mustafa Kurtulus
- Vocational School of Health Services, Pharmacy Services, Tınaztepe University, 03851, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Muhammet Damar
- Information Processing Department, Dokuz Eylul University
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2
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Cheng X, Ji N. Effect of Tai Chi Softball on Health-Related Outcomes in Elderly Men. Am J Mens Health 2025; 19:15579883251332745. [PMID: 40304406 PMCID: PMC12046166 DOI: 10.1177/15579883251332745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2025] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi Softball (TCSB) training on the physical health of older men, with a focus on improvements in muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and blood lipid profiles. A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, recruiting 140 men aged 55-65 years. Participants were randomly assigned to either a Tai Chi Softball group (TCSBG, N = 70) or a control group (CG, N = 70). The TCSBG engaged in TCSB training sessions 4 to 5 times per week, with each session lasting 70 to 90 min, while the CG maintained their usual daily routines without any additional interventions. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention and included waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), handgrip strength (HS), sit-and-reach (SAR), single-leg stance (SLS), vital capacity (VC), heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The results revealed that after 12 weeks of TCSB training, participants in the TCSBG showed significant improvements (p < .05) in HS, SAR, and SLS, indicating enhanced muscle strength, flexibility, and balance, respectively. The VC also increased significantly, while both SBP and DBP decreased notably (p < .05). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in TC, TG, and LDL-C levels p < .05). In conclusion, TCSB training demonstrated efficacy in improving muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood lipid profiles in older men. These findings suggest that TCSB training can mitigate age-related declines in physical function and reduce cardiovascular risk in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoDong Cheng
- Blockchain and Healthcare, Health Service Research Center, Xi’an Medical University, SN, China
| | - Naichun Ji
- Blockchain and Healthcare, Health Service Research Center, Xi’an Medical University, SN, China
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3
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Kiyani M, Fam Qi Hui R. Rehabilitation: The Missing 'Medicine' for Recovering From Zoonotic Illnesses? Cureus 2025; 17:e81202. [PMID: 40291171 PMCID: PMC12022462 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.81202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of zoonotic illnesses, from previously neglected monkeypox to the novel pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), herald a new contagious manifestation of diseases that threaten global health safety, dwindle scarce resources, and generate hurtful stigma. Clinical and public health interventions, such as isolation and quarantine of the sick and their contacts, induction of vaccine-derived immunity, and the use of therapeutics, often overlook long-term musculoskeletal and neurological complications. Here, we employ a biopsychosocial lens to elucidate the theoretical underpinnings and broader practical aspects of rehabilitation in our experience of caring for COVID-19 and other patients in Singapore's public hospitals. We discuss the often-overlooked complications of these illnesses, including sarcopenia and neuroinflammation. These can delay rehabilitation in the most vulnerable and bring to the forefront the drawbacks of policies that restrict mobility and socialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Kiyani
- General Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
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Damanti S, Senini E, De Lorenzo R, Merolla A, Santoro S, Festorazzi C, Messina M, Vitali G, Sciorati C, Rovere-Querini P. Acute Sarcopenia: Mechanisms and Management. Nutrients 2024; 16:3428. [PMID: 39458423 PMCID: PMC11510680 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute sarcopenia refers to the swift decline in muscle function and mass following acute events such as illness, surgery, trauma, or burns that presents significant challenges in hospitalized older adults. METHODS narrative review to describe the mechanisms and management of acute sarcopenia. RESULTS The prevalence of acute sarcopenia ranges from 28% to 69%, likely underdiagnosed due to the absence of muscle mass and function assessments in most clinical settings. Systemic inflammation, immune-endocrine dysregulation, and anabolic resistance are identified as key pathophysiological factors. Interventions include early mobilization, resistance exercise, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and nutritional strategies such as protein supplementation, leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methyl-butyrate, omega-3 fatty acids, and creatine monohydrate. Pharmaceuticals show variable efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Future research should prioritize serial monitoring of muscle parameters, identification of predictive biomarkers, and the involvement of multidisciplinary teams from hospital admission to address sarcopenia. Early and targeted interventions are crucial to improve outcomes and prevent long-term disability associated with acute sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Damanti
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Senini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Rebecca De Lorenzo
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Aurora Merolla
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Simona Santoro
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Costanza Festorazzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Messina
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Giordano Vitali
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
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5
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Corrias S, Fosci M, Galletta M, Boi F, Baghino G, Oppo A, Pigliaru F, Melis M, Rodia R, Pani A, Piras C, Deledda A, Puglia L, Loviselli A, Velluzzi F. Mediterranean Diet adherence, physical activity level, and quality of life in patients affected by thyroid diseases: Comparison between pre- and post-lockdown assessment. J Public Health Res 2024; 13:22799036241291270. [PMID: 39493705 PMCID: PMC11528575 DOI: 10.1177/22799036241291270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in lifestyle change of world's population because of the measures adopted by governments to contain the virus spread. Design and Methods This study examined whether lockdown impacted anthropometric indices, Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence, Physical Activity Level (PAL), and Quality of Life (SF-12) in a cohort of 116 patients (96 F, aged 57.2 ± 13.1 years) affected by thyroid disorders. Before lockdown, data were collected during the endocrinological examination; after lockdown they were collected through a tele-phone interview (via video call). Results Data revealed an overweight condition in 59% of patients, with no significant differences between the two observations (BMI values: 26.5 ± 4.9 vs 26.6 ± 4.9 kg/m2), whereas waist circumference values significantly increased over time (93.3 ± 12.6 vs 94.4 ± 12.5 cm; p = 0.003). Moreover, a lower adherence to the MD (PREDIMED score: 7.3 ± 1.8 vs 7.0 ± 1.8; p = 0.003) and a significant increase of sitting time (6.4 ± 3.2 h/die vs 9.0 ± 4.2; p < 0.001) were observed. A not significant decrease in PAL, which revealed a sedentary condition in pre- and post-lockdown (648 and 562 METs/week respectively), was found. The SF-12 score did not show relevant changes between the two observations. Conclusion Our study highlights that patients with thyroid diseases are often sedentary and exhibit a high prevalence of over-weight, underscoring the need for a systematic anthropometric evaluation and, at times, lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Corrias
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michele Fosci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Maura Galletta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Hygiene Section, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Boi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Germana Baghino
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alessandro Oppo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Francesca Pigliaru
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marietta Melis
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rossella Rodia
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Angelo Pani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Carolina Piras
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Puglia
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Nagano M, Kabayama M, Ohata Y, Kido M, Rakugi H, Kamide K. Sex differences in reduction of trunk muscle mass related to falls and cognitive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:1060-1066. [PMID: 39215478 PMCID: PMC11503560 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical components and activity, and its relationship to physical performance in older adults. METHODS Sixty-seven participants aged 75 and older (81 ± 2 years, female: 66%), who underwent medical checkups continuously from 2018 to 2022 in one clinic, were enrolled. Muscle mass was assessed by the biometrical impedance analysis method, which was adjusted by height squared. Physical, oral, and cognitive performance data were obtained from Japanese standard questionnaires at medical checkups. Values obtained in 2018 and 2019 were defined as pre-pandemic, and those in 2021 and 2022 were defined as during the pandemic. RESULTS Body weight, grip strength, and skeletal mass index did not change from 2018 to 2022, but trunk muscle mass index decreased significantly. A difference in the trunk muscle mass index (TMI) was observed between 2022 and 2018/2019 in men; however, a significant difference was found between 2021 and 2022 in women. Compared with the pre-pandemic period, TMI during the pandemic decreased only in men. The difference in TMI between the pre-pandemic period and during the pandemic (ΔTMI) was significantly decreased in participants with low physical activity and poor oral performance before the pandemic, and in those with falls and poor cognitive function during the pandemic only in men. CONCLUSION Reduction of trunk muscle mass was related to falls and poor cognitive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in older male adults. These data suggest that the difference in response to the COVID-19 pandemic between men and women necessitates different types of support for older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1060-1066.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Department of Health ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Yuka Ohata
- Department of Health ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Michiko Kido
- Department of Health ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Health ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
- Osaka Rosai HospitalSakaiJapan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Department of Health ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
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7
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Wang Y, Li M, Zhang B, Feng Y, Yu Y, Guo L, Du M, Yan W, Liu Q, Qin C, Deng J, Song C, Liu J. Interaction between economic status and healthy lifestyle in long COVID among Chinese older population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082314. [PMID: 39327050 PMCID: PMC11429274 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the interaction between economic status (ES) and healthy lifestyle in long COVID among Chinese older people infected with SARS-CoV-2. DESIGN A cross-sectional study based on the Peking University Health Cohort in Anning, Yunnan. SETTING All primary health institutions in Anning, Yunnan Province, China, from April to May 2023. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4804 people aged 60 and older infected with SARS-CoV-2 were included in this study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Long COVID was measured by participants' self-reported symptoms using structured questionnaires. ES was measured by last-month personal income, and participants' ES was defined as low if their income was below the per capita monthly income of local residents. Lifestyle score was equal to the number of healthy behaviours (including smoking, drinking, weight, exercise and diet) and grouped using the median score as the cut-off point. Univariate and multivariate logistic models were employed to estimate the association of ES with long COVID. Interaction between ES and lifestyle in long COVID was assessed by multiplicative interaction term. RESULTS We enrolled a total of 4804 participants infected with SARS-CoV-2, of whom 57.3% (2754 of 4804) had at least one long COVID symptom. Fatigue (1546, 56.1%), cough (1263, 45.9%) and muscle pain (880, 32.0%) were the top three common symptoms. Patients with low ES had a 48% (adjusted OR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.22, 1.82) increased risk of long COVID. A significant interaction was observed between ES and lifestyle (p value for interaction <0.001) in long COVID. CONCLUSION The interaction between ES and healthy lifestyle in long COVID was prominent. Comprehensive strengthened economic support for patients recovering from COVID-19, especially for those with low healthy lifestyle, should be implemented to prevent and manage long COVID symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Manchang Li
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yinghui Yu
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyuan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Song
- Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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He H, Zhang X, He H, Xiao C, Xu G, Li L, Liu YE, Yang C, Zhou T, You Z, Zhang J. Priming of hippocampal microglia by IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway impairs social memory in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112191. [PMID: 38759369 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Social behavior is inextricably linked to the immune system. Although IFN-γ is known to be involved in social behavior, yet whether and how it encodes social memory remains unclear. In the current study, we injected with IFN-γ into the lateral ventricle of male C57BL/6J mice, and three-chamber social test was used to examine the effects of IFN-γ on their social preference and social memory. The morphology of microglia in the hippocampus, prelimbic cortex and amygdala was examined using immunohistochemistry, and the phenotype of microglia were examined using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The IFN-γ-injected mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide, and effects of IFN-γ on behavior and microglial responses were evaluated. STAT1 pathway and microglia-neuron interactions were examined in vivo or in vitro using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Finally, we use STAT1 inhibitor or minocycline to evaluated the role of STAT1 in mediating the microglial priming and effects of primed microglia in IFN-γ-induced social dysfunction. We demonstrated that 500 ng of IFN-γ injection results in significant decrease in social index and social novelty recognition index, and induces microglial priming in hippocampus, characterized by enlarged cell bodies, shortened branches, increased expression of CD68, CD86, CD74, CD11b, CD11c, CD47, IL-33, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS, and decreased expression of MCR1, Arg-1, IGF-1 and BDNF. This microglia subpopulation is more sensitive to LPS challenge, which characterized by more significant morphological changes and inflammatory responses, as well as induced increased sickness behaviors in mice. IFN-γ upregulated pSTAT1 and STAT1 and promoted the nuclear translocation of STAT1 in the hippocampal microglia and in the primary microglia. Giving minocycline or STAT1 inhibitor fludarabin blocked the priming of hippocampal microglia induced by IFN-γ, ameliorated the dysfunction in hippocampal microglia-neuron interactions and synapse pruning by microglia, thereby improving social memory deficits in IFN-γ injected mice. IFN-γ initiates STAT1 pathway to induce priming of hippocampal microglia, thereby disrupts hippocampal microglia-neuron interactions and neural circuit link to social memory. Blocking STAT1 pathway or inhibiting microglial priming may be strategies to reduce the effects of IFN-γ on social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili He
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hui He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chenghong Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Liangyuan Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu-E Liu
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chengyan Yang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Zili You
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Abdollahi Diba M, Sari Sarraf V, Amirsasan R, Dabbagh Nikoukheslat S. Effect of a 12-Week High-Calorie-Expenditure Multimodal Exercise Program on Health Indices in Women With Overweight: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e51599. [PMID: 38870518 PMCID: PMC11216018 DOI: 10.2196/51599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-calorie-expenditure training is common among endurance athletes and is an effective strategy for weight loss. Although many training protocols include walking, running, cycling, and swimming according to a target heart rate, there is limited research on high-calorie-expenditure interventions with multimodal training programs using quantitative methods. OBJECTIVE The aims of this research protocol are to (1) develop a high-calorie-expenditure training program to cover target calorie expenditure according to the trainability of women classified as overweight (according to a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2); (2) determine the effect of high-calorie-expenditure workouts on conditioning, glycemic variables, and body composition; and (3) evaluate the implementation of the intervention and results in comparison with outcomes obtained under a standard-calorie-expenditure training program. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design. Participants include 33 women with a BMI in the overweight range (25-29.9) allocated to three groups: two intervention groups and one control group. The intervention will be conducted for 12 weeks. Participants in the first group will be assigned an exercise program with high energy expenditure of approximately 3000-3500 kilocalories/week in the form of 5 sessions per week with an intensity of 50%-75% maximum oxygen rate (VO2 max) and 60%-80% target heart rate. The second group will be assigned an exercise program with a standard energy expenditure of approximately 1200-1500 kilocalories/week with 3 sessions per week at an intensity of 60%-75% VO2 max, according to The American College of Sports Medicine guideline. The effects of the multimodal training program with daily tasks will be compared to those of the standard-calorie-expenditure and control (no exercise) conditions with respect to changes in glycemic indices and body composition. Daily calories will be calculated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and using Nutrition 4 software. RESULTS Preliminary results show significant weight loss in both the high- and standard-calorie-expenditure groups (P=.003). Significant improvements were also found in muscle percentage (P=.05) and BMI (P=.05) for the high-calorie-expenditure group. Analyses are ongoing for glycemic indices, inflammation factors, and blood parameters. CONCLUSIONS High-calorie-expenditure training can cause further weight loss than standard exercise, which can eventually lead to greater fat mass reduction and improvement in glycemic indices. These results demonstrate that, in some cases, it may be necessary to increase the activity of women and use multimodal exercise programs with increased volume and intensity to increase the expenditure of exercise and daily activity. We found a net effect of exercise and daily activity at the individual level, whereas the daily lifestyle and physical behaviors of the participants remained constant. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20220202053916N1; https://tinyurl.com/c8jxfw36. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51599.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Abdollahi Diba
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Sari Sarraf
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Amirsasan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeid Dabbagh Nikoukheslat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Hou T. Depressive Symptoms, Sleep Quality, and Pain Are Associated With Frailty in Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pain Manag Nurs 2024; 25:241-248. [PMID: 38413256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe effects on older adults. Depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and pain are common in older adults with frailty. However, it is unknown the relationship between these symptoms and frailty in nursing home residents and the difference of importance between pain intensity and pain impact on frailty during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to explore the associations between depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, pain intensity, and pain impact with frailty in older adults living in nursing homes. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, 172 older adults living in nursing homes from Changsha in China were included. We collected data on depressive symptoms, sleep quality, pain, and frailty using the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality, the Brief Pain Inventory-short form, and the FRAIL-NH Scale. Generalized linear regression models were used to explore the interaction association between these symptoms with frailty. RESULTS Most older adults were between 80 and 90 years old. Approximately 11.6% of older adults experienced one of the following symptoms: depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, pain intensity, or pain impact. Moreover, 76.7% of older adults experienced at least two of these symptoms. The most common overlapping symptoms were depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality (14.5%). Among nursing home residents, the most common sites of pain were the lower limbs, followed by the back. There was a strong correlation between depressive symptoms, sleep quality, pain intensity, pain impact, and frailty. After adjusting for covariates, the interaction term between any two or three symptoms of depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, pain intensity, and pain impact was found to be associated with a higher likelihood of frailty in older adults residing in nursing homes (p< .05). CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, pain intensity, and pain impact are common among nursing home residents. Furthermore, these symptoms interacted with each other. In future studies, multidisciplinary interventions aimed at releasing these symptoms and reducing the adverse outcome of frailty are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Hou
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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11
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Dino MJS, Dion KW, Abadir PM, Budhathoki C, Huang CM, Padula WV, Himmelfarb CRD, Davidson PM. The impact of a mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activity program among community-dwelling older adults: a study protocol. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1383407. [PMID: 38807990 PMCID: PMC11130374 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1383407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle among community-dwelling older adults poses a greater risk for progressive physical and cognitive decline. Mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activities such as the use of virtual coaches provide an emerging and promising solution to support healthy lifestyle, but the impact has not been clearly understood. Methods and analysis An observational explanatory sequential mixed-method research design was conceptualized to examine the potential impact of a user-preferred mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activity program directed toward purposively selected community-dwelling older adults in two senior centers in the Philippines. Quantitative components of the study will be done through a discreet choice experiment and a quasi-experimental study. A total of 128, or 64 older adults in each center, will be recruited via posters at community senior centers who will undergo additional screening or health records review by a certified gerontologist to ensure safety and proper fit. Treatments (live coaching with video-based exercise and mixed reality technology-driven exercise) will be assigned to each of the two senior center sites for the quasi-experiment. The participants from the experimental group shall be involved in the discreet choice experiment, modeling, and usability evaluations. Finally, a qualitative sample of participants (n = 6) as key informants shall be obtained from the experimental group using purposive selection. Discussion This study protocol will examine the health impact of a promising mixed reality program in health promotion among older adults. The study utilizes a human-centered mixed method research design in technology development and evaluation in the context of developing nations.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06136468.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Joseph S. Dino
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research, Development, and Innovation Center, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela, Philippines
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kenneth W. Dion
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter M. Abadir
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chakra Budhathoki
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Chien-Ming Huang
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - William V. Padula
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cheryl R. Dennison Himmelfarb
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Patricia M. Davidson
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Office of the Vice Chancellor and President, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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12
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Zeng Y, He X, Peng X, Zhao L, Yin C, Mao S. Combined Nutrition with Exercise: Fueling the Fight Against Sarcopenia Through a Bibliometric Analysis and Review. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1861-1876. [PMID: 38715745 PMCID: PMC11075762 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s462594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This bibliometric analysis and review aimed to examine the current research status and trends in the combination of nutrition and exercise training for sarcopenia. Additionally, it sought to provide researchers with future research directions in this field. Methods Relevant publications were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, covering the period from January 1995 to October 2023. The collected publications were analyzed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and Review Manager. Results Out of the 2528 retrieved publications, the United States emerged as the leading contributor in terms of publication volume. The University of Texas System was identified as the most productive institution. Luc J C van Loon emerged as the most published author in this field. Analysis of keywords revealed recent hot topics and emerging areas of interest, such as "gut microbiota" and "mechanisms". Upon further evaluation, resistance training (RT) and protein supplementation were identified as the most commonly employed and effective methods. Conclusion RT and protein supplementation are widely recognized as effective strategies. Future research should focus on investigating the molecular aspects of sarcopenia. Moreover, the potential therapeutic role of gut microbiota in sarcopenia requires further comprehensive investigation in human subjects to establish its correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingfei He
- Wuxi Huishan District Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinchun Peng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengqian Yin
- Department of Interventional Center of Valvular Heart Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Mao
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Prado CM, Batsis JA, Donini LM, Gonzalez MC, Siervo M. Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:261-277. [PMID: 38321142 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by a concurrent decline in muscle mass and function, along with increased adipose tissue. Sarcopenic obesity is a growing concern in older adults owing to significant health consequences, including implications for mortality, comorbidities and risk of developing geriatric syndromes. A 2022 consensus statement established a new definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity. The pathophysiology of this condition involves a complex interplay between muscle, adipose tissue, hormonal changes, inflammation, oxidative stress and lifestyle factors, among others. Sarcopenic obesity is treated with a range of management approaches, such as lifestyle interventions, exercise, nutrition and medical therapies. Emerging therapies that were developed for treating other conditions may be relevant to sarcopenic obesity, including novel pharmacological agents and personalized approaches such as precision medicine. In this Review, we synthesize the current knowledge of the clinical importance of sarcopenic obesity, its assessment and diagnosis, along with current and emerging management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lorenzo M Donini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Pelotas, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Dementia Centre of Excellence, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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14
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Lin YH, Han DS, Lee YH, Chan DC, Chang CH, Yang KC, Chang FC. Social network associated with depressed mood and sarcopenia among older adults in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:620-625. [PMID: 38044206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation is increasing in aging societies; however, its relationship with depressed mood and sarcopenia is not well studied. This study aims to examine the influence of social network on depressed mood and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. METHODS We collected data from a sample of 981 older adults residing in the community. These individuals received government-subsidized preventive healthcare services for adults at a district hospital in Taipei in 2021. The social network of the older adults who participated was assessed using the Lubben Social Network Scale, while depressed mood was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale. The definition of sarcopenia used in this study was based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. RESULTS According to this study, sarcopenia was present in approximately 15 % of older adults. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that older adults who had poor social network and did not meet the recommended 150 min of regular physical activity per week were more likely to have depressed mood. Additionally, older adults who were older, underweight, did not engage in regular physical activity, and had poor social network were more likely to have sarcopenia. CONCLUSION Poor social network was associated with increased risks of depressed mood and sarcopenia among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hung Lin
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Community Medicine and Long-Term Care, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Sheng Han
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Cheng Chan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiu Chang
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Cheh Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Atieh O, Durieux JC, Baissary J, Mouchati C, Labbato D, Thomas A, Merheb A, Ailstock K, Funderburg N, McComsey GA. The Long-Term Effect of COVID-19 Infection on Body Composition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1364. [PMID: 38732609 PMCID: PMC11085433 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of COVID-19 infection versus the indirect effect of the pandemic on body composition remains unclear. This study investigates the long-term changes in body composition in COVID-19 survivors compared to a contemporary control group. METHOD This is a prospective study involving adults who underwent a pre-pandemic whole-body DXA scan (DXA#1) between 2017 and 2019. Participants were asked to return for a repeat whole-body DXA scan (DXA#2) after the pandemic. Detailed data were collected including their medical and COVID-19 history. Inflammation markers and fasting lipids were measured. For those participants who experienced a COVID-19 infection between the two DXAs, DXA#2 was acquired at least one year after COVID-19 infection. RESULTS Overall, 160 adults were enrolled; 32.5% females, 51.8% non-white, with mean age of 43.2 years. Half (n = 80) of the participants experienced a COVID-19 infection between their two DXA scans (COVID-19+ group), and the other half had never had COVID-19. COVID-19-negative participants displayed an increase in annualized trunk fat (g) [922.5 vs. 159.7; p = 0.01], total fat (g) [1564.3 vs. 199.9; p = 0.2], and LBM (g) [974.9 vs. -64.5; p = 0.0002] when compared to the COVID-19+ group. However, among the COVID-19+ group, no differences were seen in annualized trunk fat, total fat mass, or LBM between those with PASC and without (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION During the pandemic, both the COVID-19 survivors and the COVID-19-negative group exhibited increases in weight, total fat, and trunk fat, likely associated with pandemic-linked lifestyle modifications. However, only COVID-19 survivors displayed a decline in lean body mass over the same period, regardless of PASC symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornina Atieh
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Jared C. Durieux
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Jhony Baissary
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Christian Mouchati
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Danielle Labbato
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Alicia Thomas
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Alexander Merheb
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Kate Ailstock
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Grace A. McComsey
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
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16
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Maffitt NJ, Germann M, Baker AME, Baker MR, Baker SN, Soteropoulos DS. Recovery of neurophysiological measures in post-COVID fatigue: a 12-month longitudinal follow-up study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8874. [PMID: 38632415 PMCID: PMC11024107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic has been the significant incidence of persistent fatigue following resolution of an acute infection (i.e. post-COVID fatigue). We have shown previously that, in comparison to healthy controls, those suffering from post-COVID fatigue exhibit changes in muscle physiology, cortical circuitry, and autonomic function. Whether these changes preceded infection, potentially predisposing people to developing post-COVID fatigue, or whether the changes were a consequence of infection was unclear. Here we present results of a 12-month longitudinal study of 18 participants from the same cohort of post-COVID fatigue sufferers to investigate these correlates of fatigue over time. We report improvements in self-perception of the impact of fatigue via questionnaires, as well as significant improvements in objective measures of peripheral muscle fatigue and autonomic function, bringing them closer to healthy controls. Additionally, we found reductions in muscle twitch tension rise times, becoming faster than controls, suggesting that the improvement in muscle fatigability might be due to a process of adaptation rather than simply a return to baseline function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Maffitt
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Maria Germann
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Anne M E Baker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Mark R Baker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Stuart N Baker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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17
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Mińko A, Turoń-Skrzypińska A, Rył A, Mańkowska K, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Rotter I. The Significance of Selected Myokines in Predicting the Length of Rehabilitation of Patients after COVID-19 Infection. Biomedicines 2024; 12:836. [PMID: 38672190 PMCID: PMC11047941 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the intricate mechanisms of the body's response to infection and inflammation has become a priority for the medical and research communities. It has been proven that during COVID-19 infection, molecules are secreted-namely organokines, which may directly or indirectly play a role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. The objective of this study was to scrutinize the potential correlation between the levels of selected myokines (myostatin, agrin, irisin, and myonectin) and the duration of rehabilitation in post-COVID-19 patients. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between the levels of these myokines and the length of hospitalization during COVID-19 treatment. The study was conducted at the Rehabilitation Hospital in Szczecin (Poland). Patients in the study participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program following COVID-19 treatment. In order to assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation, the following tests were performed: a 6 min walk test with an assessment of exercise tolerance (Borg scale), an assessment of dyspnea severity (mMRC scale), a spirometric assessment of respiratory function, a measurement of arm strength, and an assessment of fatigue using the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS). Myokine levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13.1 software. Lower concentrations of irisin and myonectin and higher concentrations of myostatin correlated with longer rehabilitation time. Baseline levels of specific myokines in post-COVID-19 patients could play a crucial role in anticipating the duration of rehabilitation. The duration of hospitalization for the infection may influence myokine levels in patients recovering from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Mińko
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-S.); (A.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Agnieszka Turoń-Skrzypińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-S.); (A.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Aleksandra Rył
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-S.); (A.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Katarzyna Mańkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-S.); (A.R.); (I.R.)
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Mišigoj-Duraković M, Ostojić L, Mijoč V, Sorić M, Babić Z, Šimić J, Ostojić D, Duraković D. THE EFFECTS OF RESTRICTIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MENTAL HEALTH OF THE ELDERLY. Acta Clin Croat 2024; 63:175-184. [PMID: 39959319 PMCID: PMC11827408 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2024.63.01.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity and maintaining fitness reduce the risk of chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, reduce the risk of exacerbation of existing diseases, maintain physical and mental health, and contribute to healthy and successful aging in the elderly. It is of particular importance during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this review is to present relevant knowledge about the effects of restrictions and social distancing established with the aim of suppressing the COVID-19 pandemic, on physical activity and mental health of elderly people. During the pandemic, numerous authors have reported a decrease in the share of physically active population and those that used to exercise regularly. The time spent in activity decreases, energy expenditure decreases, and the time spent sedentary increases although the results in all segments related to physical activity are not consistent. Lockdown measures significantly worsen insomnia, sleep quality, feelings of loneliness, anxiety and depression in older people, especially in women. During the restrictive measures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity and exercise significantly contribute to the maintenance and improvement of physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljerka Ostojić
- Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Department of Medical Sciences, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Mijoč
- Croatian Catholic University, Department of Nursing, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maroje Sorić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zdravko Babić
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Department of Cardiology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Šimić
- University of Mostar, Faculty of Health Studies, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Daria Ostojić
- University of Mostar, School of Medicine, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Din Duraković
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Department of Psychiatry, Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Nozaki A, Imai N, Shobugawa Y, Horigome Y, Suzuki H, Kawashima H. Hip Fractures in Elderly Individuals Did Not Decrease during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Insights from the 2015 and 2020 Niigata Prefecture Fragility Hip Fracture Surveys. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:573. [PMID: 38674219 PMCID: PMC11052488 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, has been studied approximately every 5 years since 1985. In 2020, as in previous surveys, a prefecture-wide survey was initiated as planned; however, the global outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began simultaneously. This study aimed to compare the results of the 2015 and 2020 Niigata Prefecture Fragility Hip Fracture Surveys to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected the occurrence and treatment of proximal femoral fractures throughout Niigata Prefecture. Materials and Methods: In this study, data from the 2015 and 2020 Niigata Prefecture Fragility Hip Fracture Surveys were used. Data were obtained from registration forms returned by hospitals and clinics in Niigata Prefecture for patients living therein who were diagnosed with osteoporotic hip fractures over a 1-year period in 2015 and 2020. Results: In Niigata Prefecture, the total annual number of fractures increased from 3181 in 2015 to 3369 in 2020, whereas the age-adjusted fracture rate decreased. Regarding the location of the fractures, the proportion of outdoor fractures was lower than that of indoor fractures. The proportion of outdoor fractures decreased over the year as a whole, but in particular, the proportion of outdoor fractures decreased significantly under the issued emergency declarations. The most common reasons for delayed surgery related to COVID-19 were "waiting for PCR results" and "quarantine for fever," accounting for approximately 1.9% of all causes. Conclusions: In Niigata Prefecture, Japan, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number and rate of fractures was minuscule. The proportion of indoor fractures to outdoor fractures increased during the emergency declaration period. Considering that the number of fragility fractures remains the same during an infectious disease pandemic such as COVID-19, it is necessary to ensure that healthcare resources are available to deal with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Nozaki
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-754, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan; (A.N.); (H.S.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Tsubame Rosai Hospital, Sado 636, Tsubame City 959-1228, Niigata Prefecture, Japan
| | - Norio Imai
- Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Division of International Health, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yoji Horigome
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-754, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan; (A.N.); (H.S.)
| | - Hayato Suzuki
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-754, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan; (A.N.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-754, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata City 951-8510, Niigata Prefecture, Japan; (A.N.); (H.S.)
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20
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Batista PP, Perracini MR, do Carmo Correia de Lima M, de Amorim JSC, Pereira DS, Pereira LSM. Risk of sarcopenia and mobility of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: the longitudinal data from the REMOBILIZE study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:80. [PMID: 38546804 PMCID: PMC10978643 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed whether clinical, functional and behavioral factors were associated with the decrease in mobility trajectories reported in older people at risk of sarcopenia (RS) and without risk of sarcopenia (NRS) during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We prospectively analyzed mobility trajectories reported in older adults with RS and NRS over 16-month follow-up (Remobilize study). The self-perceived risk of sarcopenia and mobility were assessed using the SARC-F and the Life-Space Assessment (LSA) tools, respectively. Gender, age, comorbidities, pain, functional limitation, physical activity (time spent in walking; min/week), and sitting time (ST; hours/day) were assessed. We used a multilevel model to determine changes in mobility between groups and over time. RESULTS Mobility was lower in RS than in NRS. Older people at RS, who were women, aged 70-79 years and 80 years or older, inactive, and with moderate to severe functional limitation experienced reduced mobility trajectories reported over the pandemic. For older people at NRS, trajectories with reduce mobility reported were experienced by women with comorbidities, for those with insufficient walking time and aged 70-79 years; aged 70-79 years and with ST between 5 and 7 hours/day; for those with insufficient walking time and increased ST; and for those with pain and increased ST. CONCLUSION Mobility trajectories reported in older people at risk of sarcopenia were negatively influenced by insufficient level of physical inactivity and pre-existing moderate to severe functional limitation. Health and social interventions should be target to avoid mobility limitation during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Parreira Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6.627. Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Monica Rodrigues Perracini
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Gerontology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Correia de Lima
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Gerontology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Sirineu Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6.627. Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leani Souza Máximo Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6.627. Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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21
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Silva DMS, Valadão TA, Caporosi C, Aguilar-Nascimento JE, Dock-Nascimento DB. Risk Factors Associated with Acute Sarcopenia in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:7857489. [PMID: 38504833 PMCID: PMC10950415 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7857489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is an extraordinary global emergency. The pandemic has changed profoundly people's lifestyles. This resulted in reductions in physical activity and changes in dietary intakes that have the potential to accelerate sarcopenia. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute sarcopenia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January/2021 to March/2022 in a private hospital in Cuiabá/MT, central region of Brazil. The main variable was the prevalence of acute sarcopenia among adults hospitalized with COVID19. Patients were assessed for acute sarcopenia using the SARC-F ≥4 questionnaire (strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls), grip strength (<20 kg (female) and <35 kg (male)), and calf circumference (<33 cm (female) and <34 cm (male)). Results In all, 213 patients aged 57.4 ± 15.4 years, 63.8% male, were studied. Thirty-four (16.0%) patients were diagnosed with acute sarcopenia. Advanced age (older people) and the percentage of weight lost ≥3% before hospitalization were independent risk factors for acute sarcopenia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Conclusion Acute sarcopenia was present in 16% of patients. Advanced age and percentage of weight lost ≥3% were independent risk factors for acute sarcopenia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. M. S. Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - T. A. Valadão
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - C. Caporosi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
- Santa Rosa Hospital, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - J. E. Aguilar-Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
- University Center of Várzea Grande (UNIVAG) Medical School, Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil
| | - D. B. Dock-Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
- Faculty of Nutrition of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
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22
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Kuijpers TG, Gerkema MH, Engels G, Schipper M, Herber GCM. Physical Activity, Sleeping Problems, Weight, Feelings of Social Isolation, and Quality of Life of Older Adults After Coronavirus Infection: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Epidemiology 2024; 35:119-129. [PMID: 38290137 PMCID: PMC10826922 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is debate as to whether a coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) affects older adults' physical activity, sleeping problems, weight, feelings of social isolation, and quality of life (QoL). We investigated differences in these outcomes between older adults with and without coronavirus infection over 180 days following infection. METHODS We included 6789 older adults (65+) from the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort study who provided data between April 2020 and June 2021. Older adults (65+) with and without coronavirus infection were matched on sex, age, education, living situation, body mass index, smoking status, vulnerable health, time of infection, and precoronavirus health outcome. Weighted linear mixed models, adjusted for strictness of governmental policy measures, were used to compare health outcomes after infection between groups. RESULTS In total, 309 participants were tested positive for coronavirus. Eight days after infection, older adults with a coronavirus infection engaged in less physical activity, had more sleeping problems, weighed less, felt more socially isolated, and had a lower QoL than those without an infection. Differences in weight, feelings of social isolation, and QoL were absent after 90 days. However, differences in physical activity were still present at 90 days following infection and sleeping problems were present at 180 days. CONCLUSION Our findings found negative associations of coronavirus infection with all the examined outcomes, which for physical activity persisted for 90 days and sleeping problems for 180 days. Magnitudes of estimated effects on physical activity and sleeping problems remain uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Kuijpers
- From the Center for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje H. Gerkema
- From the Center for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenda Engels
- From the Center for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Schipper
- Department of Statistics, Data Science and Modelling, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrie-Cor M. Herber
- From the Center for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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23
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Ogawa N, Yun S, Izutsu M, Yuki M. Sarcopenia and risk factors among Japanese community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2024; 26:e13094. [PMID: 38356044 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed older adults to high risk of sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its risk factors among Japanese community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected data through questionnaires and physical measurements among 242 older adults. Sarcopenia was assessed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The results revealed that 14.5% had sarcopenia, which was significantly associated with age, nutritional status, number of prescription medications, body mass index, and self-rated health. On multivariate analysis, the risk of malnutrition was independently significantly associated with sarcopenia. Approximately 70% of participants reported decreased social interaction and going outside, but with no significant association with sarcopenia. In addition, approximately 65% of the participants had an exercise habit and went outside at least once a week, thus maintaining a good level of activity. These findings suggest that prevention of sarcopenia during the pandemic required provision of opportunities for older adults to remain active and positive assessment of nutritional status and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuka Ogawa
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shan Yun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Miku Izutsu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michiko Yuki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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24
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Ceolin C, De Rui M, Simonato C, Vergadoro M, Cazzavillan S, Acunto V, Papa MV, Trapella GS, Zanforlini BM, Curreri C, Bertocco A, Devita M, Coin A, Sergi G. Sarcopenic patients "get even": The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality. Exp Gerontol 2024; 187:112382. [PMID: 38369251 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), driven by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has disproportionately affected the elderly, with comorbidities like sarcopenia worsening prognosis. Considering the significant impact of RNA vaccines on survival rates in this population, our objective is to investigate the impact of vaccination on the survival of hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19, considering the presence or absence of sarcopenia. METHODS Prospective study conducted on 159 patients aged>65 years from September 2021 to March 2022. Data about clinical and body composition, and mortality at 12-months after discharge were recorded. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 European Consensus criteria. RESULTS At the twelfth month post-discharge, vaccinated sarcopenic individuals exhibited a mortality risk similar to vaccinated non-sarcopenic individuals, and lower than unvaccinated non-sarcopenic patients. Cox regression analysis, adjusted for age, gender, comorbidity, functional and vaccinal status, showed that the presence of sarcopenia did not significantly impact the risk of death within 12-months post-discharge. DISCUSSION Vaccination emerges as a protective measure for sarcopenic patients, countering the potential adverse effects of sarcopenia on COVID-19 outcomes, underscoring the importance of immunization in the frail elderly with a call for meticulous monitoring of its benefits. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first attempt to analyze the vaccine's effect on survival in sarcopenic hospitalized older adults with COVID-19. The administration of vaccination to sarcopenic patients proves pivotal, as its omission could lead to notably unfavorable outcomes within this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ceolin
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy.
| | - Marina De Rui
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Simonato
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Margherita Vergadoro
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Cazzavillan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Vittorio Acunto
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Virgilio Papa
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Curreri
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Bertocco
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Devita
- Department of General Psychology (DPG), University of Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Coin
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sergi
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Italy
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25
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Saldanha MF, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Jansen AK. Energy and nutrient intake in older adults with healthy aging during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic- a cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:181-187. [PMID: 38220374 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lockdown measures implemented amid the COVID-19 pandemic promoted changes in lifestyle, particularly engagement in physical activity/exercise and dietary intake. However, few studies are available investigating the healthy older population, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy and nutrient intake among older adults with successful aging and to evaluate changes in muscle mass, strength and physical performance. METHODS A cohort study of 38 healthy older adults from a Brazilian geriatrics referral center were assessed at two time points: baseline - up to 1 year prior to the pandemic; and follow-up - an average of 17 months after the pandemic outbreak. Energy and nutrient intake was determined using food recalls and diary records, while muscle mass was calculated based on anthropometric parameters. Maximum hand-grip strength and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score were also evaluated. RESULTS Median age of participants was 87 years. During the pandemic, intake of protein increased from 52.6 g to 63.9 g (p = 0.013) and micronutrients also increased: vitamin C from 35.4 mg to 76.1 mg (p = 0.027), vitamin B12 from 2.2 mg to 3.1 mg (p = 0.045), calcium from 435.1 mg to 631.5 mg (p < 0.001), magnesium from 186.5 mg to 198.9 mg (p = 0.043), zinc from 5.8 mg to 7.6 mg (p = 0.009), iron from 6.9 mg to 7.2 mg (p = 0.035) and potassium from 1941.6 mg to 2115.5 mg (p = 0.048). No changes in energy intake or other nutrients were evident. No difference in mass, strength or physical performance was observed during the study period. Overall, 84% of participants remained physically active, although engagement in physical exercise decreased by 50% (p < 0.002). CONCLUSION The increase in intake of proteins and micronutrients suggests improved diet quality during the pandemic. Engagement in physical exercise decreased significantly, but level of physical activity was maintained. No change in anthropometric parameters, strength or physical performance was evident in the population investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle Ferreira Saldanha
- Nursing School, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Clinic Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ann Kristine Jansen
- Nursing School, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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26
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Choe H, Kobayashi N, Oba M, Tezuka T, Ike H, Morita A, Abe K, Inaba Y. Bilateral fragility femoral supracondylar fractures in adolescents due to long-term home stay during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case report. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:405-408. [PMID: 35718603 PMCID: PMC9174151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyonmin Choe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Naomi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Oba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taro Tezuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ike
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koki Abe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Inaba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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27
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Queiroz BL, do Nascimento CQ, de Souza TOM, Bádue GS, Bueno NB, Vasconcelos SML, Mello CS, Ribeiro-Andrade M, Ataíde TDR, Barros-Neto JA. Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on health and functional capacity in institutionalized older adults. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20230128. [PMID: 38131441 PMCID: PMC10744536 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0128en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the health conditions and functional capacity of older adults living in long-term care units in Maceió City - Alagoas State. METHODS A prospective cohort was conducted with institutionalized older adults of both sexes. Older adults were assessed for clinical conditions (diagnosis of chronic diseases and biochemical tests), functional capacity, and nutritional status. All assessments were repeated on two occasions, maintaining a 6-month interval between them. RESULTS The sample was composed of 289 older adults. Of the total, 98 (33.9%) were positive for COVID-19 and eight died (2.8%). Men were more likely to have COVID-19 (OR = 3.50; p < 0.01). It was observed that the disease contributed to increasing the frequency of dependent older adults after six months (OR = 1.38; p-interaction < 0.01). It was also observed that after six months of positive diagnosis for COVID-19, there was greater weight loss (p < 0.01), reduced BMI (p < 0.01), increased mean SBP (p = 0.04), and DBP (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Effects of COVID-19 in institutionalized older adults go beyond acute complications and compromise blood pressure control, functional capacity, and favor weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Müller Ribeiro-Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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28
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Pittia P, Blanc S, Heer M. Unraveling the intricate connection between dietary factors and the success in long-term space missions. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:89. [PMID: 38092789 PMCID: PMC10719368 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades of spaceflight, inadequate caloric intake has posed significant nutritional challenges, contributing to muscle degradation, weakened immune and cardiovascular systems during and after space missions. This challenge becomes more acute on longer exploration missions, where transporting all food for the entire mission becomes a logistical challenge. This places immense pressure on the food system, requiring energy-dense, varied, stable, and palatable food options. Prolonged storage can lead to nutrient degradation, reducing their bioavailability and bioaccessibility to astronauts. Research is essential not only to improve the quality and stability of space food but also to enhance nutrient bioavailability, thereby reducing weight and volume of food. Muscle and bone loss represent major risks during extended spaceflight, prompting extensive efforts to find exercise countermeasures. However, increased exercise requires additional energy intake, and finding the optimal balance between energy needs and the preservation of muscle and bone mass is challenging. Currently, there is no reliable way to measure total energy expenditure and activity-related energy expenditures in real-time. Systematic research is necessary to develop onboard technology for accurate energy expenditure and body composition monitoring. This research should aim to establish an optimal exercise regimen that balances energy requirements while maintaining astronaut strength and minimizing food transport. In summary, this overview outlines key actions needed for future exploration missions to maintain body mass and physical strength of space travellers. It addresses the requirements for food processing and preservation, considerations for space food formulation and production, and the essential measures to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martina Heer
- IU International University of Applied Sciences, Erfurt, Germany.
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Bonn, Germany.
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29
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Arslan T, Saraç ZF, Ersel M, Savas S. Evaluation of falls in older persons in the emergency department during the early Coronavirus-2019 pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Eur Geriatr Med 2023; 14:1373-1381. [PMID: 37935942 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, outcomes and healthcare costs of older patients presented to the emergency department (ED) with falls in the periods before and during the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS Hospital records one year before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic were retrospectively analyzed through "International Statistical Classification of Diseases-10th Revision" codes. Age, gender, falls, triage classification, length of stay (LOS) in the hospital and the ED, COVID-19 status, Glasgow Coma scale, consultations-comorbidities, injury status, outcomes in the ED, and costs were recorded. RESULTS The study comprised of 3187 patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to the ED of a university hospital between March 2019 and 2021. In terms of pre-pandemic and pandemic periods; older patients presenting with falls to the ED, consultations, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and LOS in the ED were lower in the pandemic period, but costs were higher (p = 0.03, p = 0.01, p = 0.01, p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). Hospitalization/mortality rates were higher in COVID-19 positive patients (77.2%) than in COVID-19 negative patients (4.6%) within the pandemic period and the patients in the pre-pandemic period (22.8%), and the costs, as well (both p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Though the number of fall-related presentations of older persons to the ED, comorbidity burden, consultations, and the LOS in the ED was lower, direct costs were higher during the pandemic period, particularly for COVID-19 positive older patients admitted to ED with falls than the pre-pandemic period, and those patients were with poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Arslan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Fulden Saraç
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Murat Ersel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sumru Savas
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Cezón-Serrano N, Arnal-Gómez A, Arjona-Tinaut L, Cebrià I Iranzo MÀ. Functional and emotional impact of COVID-19 lockdown on older adults with sarcopenia living in a nursing home: A 15-month follow-up. Nurs Health Sci 2023; 25:597-608. [PMID: 37705366 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to detect the functional and emotional impact of COVID-19 lockdown on institutionalized older adults with sarcopenia during a 15-month follow-up. A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted in a nursing home. Participants were screened for sarcopenia, and those with a score of ≥4 points according to SARC-F questionnaire were included. Assessments were performed pre-lockdown (T1), 12 months (T2) after, and at a 15-month follow-up (T3). Functional measurements included chair stand test, handgrip, biceps brachii and quadriceps femoris strengths, appendicular skeletal mass, gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, and Timed Up-and-Go test. Emotional assessments included Short-Form Health Survey, Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The analyzed sample showed a reduction in bicep strength, and other upper and lower limb strength variables showed a decreasing trend with no changes regarding muscle mass. Physical performance showed a change, specifically a deterioration in the subtest related to balance. Cognitive and emotional components were affected and quality of life was decreased. It is of paramount importance to focus on sarcopenic older adults since their characteristics can deteriorate when isolation measures are conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cezón-Serrano
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multi-specialty Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Arnal-Gómez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multi-specialty Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Arjona-Tinaut
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Àngels Cebrià I Iranzo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multi-specialty Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, La Fe Hospital in Valencia, La Fe Health Research Institute (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain
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Bielec G, Goździejewska A, Langhammer B, Borysławski K. Body Composition of Master Swimmers before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6992. [PMID: 38002607 PMCID: PMC10672119 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12226992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term effect of physical activity on body composition in Master athletes is rarely presented in the literature. The aim of this study was to identify possible changes in body composition of Master swimmers over a period of 4 years, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we wanted to discover if sarcopenia symptoms would occur in Master athletes during the analyzed period. The body compositions of one hundred and sixty-seven Master swimmers were assessed with the InBody 270 analyzer in 2018. In 2022, the measurements were repeated in forty-six men and fourteen women. The Muscle Mass Index and the Skeletal Muscle Index were calculated to identify sarcopenia-related changes in body composition. We surveyed participants to gather data on their training patterns and SARS-CoV-2 infection history. No significant changes in body composition parameters were noted in Master swimmers during the analysis period (p > 0.05). Sarcopenia risk was not identified in examined athletes, and sarcopenia indicators did not change markedly over the 4-year period (p > 0.05). Participants with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ from non-infected subjects in terms of body composition. Training cessation during the COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 infection did not induce long-term changes in body composition of Master swimmers. Life-long participation in swimming activities appears to delay negative changes in body composition, including sarcopenia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bielec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Goździejewska
- Department of Tourism, Recreation and Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Birgitta Langhammer
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0176 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Krzysztof Borysławski
- Institute of Health, The Angelus Silesius University of Applied Sciences, 58-300 Wałbrzych, Poland;
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Palmisano A, Gnasso C, Cereda A, Vignale D, Leone R, Nicoletti V, Barbieri S, Toselli M, Giannini F, Loffi M, Patelli G, Monello A, Iannopollo G, Ippolito D, Mancini EM, Pontone G, Vignali L, Scarnecchia E, Iannaccone M, Baffoni L, Spernadio M, de Carlini CC, Sironi S, Rapezzi C, Esposito A. Chest CT opportunistic biomarkers for phenotyping high-risk COVID-19 patients: a retrospective multicentre study. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7756-7768. [PMID: 37166497 PMCID: PMC10173240 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of opportunistic biomarkers derived from chest CT performed at hospital admission of COVID-19 patients for the phenotypization of high-risk patients. METHODS In this multicentre retrospective study, 1845 consecutive COVID-19 patients with chest CT performed within 72 h from hospital admission were analysed. Clinical and outcome data were collected by each center 30 and 80 days after hospital admission. Patients with unknown outcomes were excluded. Chest CT was analysed in a single core lab and behind pneumonia CT scores were extracted opportunistic data about atherosclerotic profile (calcium score according to Agatston method), liver steatosis (≤ 40 HU), myosteatosis (paraspinal muscle F < 31.3 HU, M < 37.5 HU), and osteoporosis (D12 bone attenuation < 134 HU). Differences according to treatment and outcome were assessed with ANOVA. Prediction models were obtained using multivariate binary logistic regression and their AUCs were compared with the DeLong test. RESULTS The final cohort included 1669 patients (age 67.5 [58.5-77.4] yo) mainly men 1105/1669, 66.2%) and with reduced oxygen saturation (92% [88-95%]). Pneumonia severity, high Agatston score, myosteatosis, liver steatosis, and osteoporosis derived from CT were more prevalent in patients with more aggressive treatment, access to ICU, and in-hospital death (always p < 0.05). A multivariable model including clinical and CT variables improved the capability to predict non-critical pneumonia compared to a model including only clinical variables (AUC 0.801 vs 0.789; p = 0.0198) to predict patient death (AUC 0.815 vs 0.800; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Opportunistic biomarkers derived from chest CT can improve the characterization of COVID-19 high-risk patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT In COVID-19 patients, opportunistic biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk extracted from chest CT improve patient risk stratification. KEY POINTS • In COVID-19 patients, several information about patient comorbidities can be quantitatively extracted from chest CT, resulting associated with the severity of oxygen treatment, access to ICU, and death. • A prediction model based on multiparametric opportunistic biomarkers derived from chest CT resulted superior to a model including only clinical variables in a large cohort of 1669 patients suffering from SARS- CoV2 infection. • Opportunistic biomarkers of cardiometabolic comorbidities derived from chest CT may improve COVID-19 patients' risk stratification also in absence of detailed clinical data and laboratory tests identifying subclinical and previously unknown conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palmisano
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gnasso
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Cereda
- GVM Care & Research Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Davide Vignale
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Leone
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Nicoletti
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Barbieri
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Toselli
- GVM Care & Research Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elisa Scarnecchia
- ASST Valtellina and Alto Lario, Eugenio Morelli Hospital, Sondalo, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Baffoni
- Casa Di Cura Villa Dei Pini, Civitanova Marche, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Rapezzi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Ferrara, Cona, FE, Italy
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Galarza-Delgado DA, Azpiri-Lopez JR, Colunga-Pedraza IJ, Cardenas-de la Garza JA, Gonzalez-Gonzalez V, Beltran-Aguilar VM, Arias-Peralta AG, De Avila-Gonzalez N, Guajardo-Jauregui N. Cardiovascular health worsening in patients with autoimmune rheumatological diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:2677-2690. [PMID: 36627529 PMCID: PMC9838353 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatic autoimmune diseases are associated with a myriad of comorbidities. Of particular importance due to their morbimortality are cardiovascular diseases. COVID-19 greatly impacted the world population in many different areas. Patients with rheumatic diseases had to face changes in their healthcare, in addition to unemployment, a decrease in physical activity, social isolation, and lack of access to certain medications. This review summarizes the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, and unhealthy behaviors in patients with rheumatic inflammatory autoimmune diseases, particularly focused on rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Searches were carried out in MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus from August to December 2022. Four reviewers screened the title and abstract of retrieved records. Potentially eligible reports were then reviewed in full text. Differences were reconciled by either consensus or discussion with an external reviewer. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with rheumatic diseases showed an increase in the prevalence of mental health disorders (43.2-57.7%), reduced physical activity (56.8%), and a worsening in eating behaviors. Alcohol intake increased (18.2%), especially in early phases of the pandemic. Smoking prevalence decreased (28.2%). Dyslipidemia and hypertension showed no changes. The pandemic and lockdown affected rheumatic patients not only in disease-related characteristics but in the prevalence of their cardiovascular comorbidities and risk factors. Lifestyle changes, such as healthy eating, physical activity, and optimal management of their rheumatic diseases and comorbidities, are essential to manage the long-lasting consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak. Key Points • During the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety, depression, sedentarism, obesity, and a worsening in eating behaviors increased. •Patients with rheumatic diseases and comorbidities have worse clinical outcomes and a higher cardiovascular disease burden than those without them. •Comparative studies are necessary to precisely elucidate the pandemic's impact on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, risk factors, and comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionicio A Galarza-Delgado
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jose R Azpiri-Lopez
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Francisco I. Madero y Gonzalitos S/N, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Iris J Colunga-Pedraza
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jesus Alberto Cardenas-de la Garza
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Valeria Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Victor M Beltran-Aguilar
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Angel G Arias-Peralta
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Francisco I. Madero y Gonzalitos S/N, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Natalia De Avila-Gonzalez
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Natalia Guajardo-Jauregui
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Arimori H, Abiru N, Morimoto S, Nishino T, Kawakami A, Kamada A, Kobayashi M. Association between Lifestyle Factors and Weight Gain among University Students in Japan during COVID-19 Mild Lockdown: A Quantitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2630. [PMID: 37830666 PMCID: PMC10572644 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the lifestyle factors influencing weight gain among university students in Japan during the mild lockdown imposed due to the novel coronavirus disease pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of students who underwent health examinations at Nagasaki University in 2021. Students reporting a weight gain of ≥3 kg were included in the weight gain group; the remaining students were included in the non-weight-gain group. Fisher's exact test and binary logistic regression were performed to determine the association between weight gain and each lifestyle factor. We included 3059 respondents (response rate: 45.7%), and 9.5% of them reported a weight gain of ≥3 kg. The following factors were associated with weight gain (odds ratio (95% confidence interval), p value based on Fisher's exact test): dining out for four times or more/week (2.16 (1.40, 3.32), p = 8.7 × 10-4) and gaming time of ≥4 h/day (2.26 (1.45, 3.47), p = 2.4 × 10-4). Binary logistic regression among the four highest odds ratios revealed that after adjusting for other factors, frequent dining out and prolonged gaming time were significantly associated with weight gain in students during the mild lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Arimori
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (H.A.); (N.A.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Norio Abiru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (H.A.); (N.A.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Shimpei Morimoto
- Innovation Platform & Office for Precision Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan;
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan;
- Health Center, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (H.A.); (N.A.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Akie Kamada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (H.A.); (N.A.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Masakazu Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (H.A.); (N.A.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
- Health Center, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Chae HJ, Kim JB, Park G, O'Sullivan DM, Seo J, Park JJ. An Artificial Intelligence Exercise Coaching Mobile App: Development and Randomized Controlled Trial to Verify Its Effectiveness in Posture Correction. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e37604. [PMID: 37698913 PMCID: PMC10523222 DOI: 10.2196/37604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity due to social distancing and suppressed outdoor activities increases vulnerability to diseases like cardiovascular diseases, sarcopenia, and severe COVID-19. While bodyweight exercises, such as squats, effectively boost physical activity, incorrect postures risk abnormal muscle activation joint strain, leading to ineffective sessions or even injuries. Avoiding incorrect postures is challenging for novices without expert guidance. Existing solutions for remote coaching and computer-assisted posture correction often prove costly or inefficient. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to use deep neural networks to develop a personal workout assistant that offers feedback on squat postures using only mobile devices-smartphones and tablets. Deep learning mimicked experts' visual assessments of proper exercise postures. The effectiveness of the mobile app was evaluated by comparing it with exercise videos, a popular at-home workout choice. METHODS Twenty participants were recruited without squat exercise experience and divided into an experimental group (EXP) with 10 individuals aged 21.90 (SD 2.18) years and a mean BMI of 20.75 (SD 2.11) and a control group (CTL) with 10 individuals aged 22.60 (SD 1.95) years and a mean BMI of 18.72 (SD 1.23) using randomized controlled trials. A data set with over 20,000 squat videos annotated by experts was created and a deep learning model was trained using pose estimation and video classification to analyze the workout postures. Subsequently, a mobile workout assistant app, Home Alone Exercise, was developed, and a 2-week interventional study, in which the EXP used the app while the CTL only followed workout videos, showed how the app helps people improve squat exercise. RESULTS The EXP significantly improved their squat postures evaluated by the app after 2 weeks (Pre: 0.20 vs Mid: 4.20 vs Post: 8.00, P=.001), whereas the CTL (without the app) showed no significant change in squat posture (Pre: 0.70 vs Mid: 1.30 vs Post: 3.80, P=.13). Significant differences were observed in the left (Pre: 75.06 vs Mid: 76.24 vs Post: 63.13, P=.02) and right (Pre: 71.99 vs Mid: 76.68 vs Post: 62.82, P=.03) knee joint angles in the EXP before and after exercise, with no significant effect found for the CTL in the left (Pre: 73.27 vs Mid: 74.05 vs Post: 70.70, P=.68) and right (Pre: 70.82 vs Mid: 74.02 vs Post: 70.23, P=.61) knee joint angles. CONCLUSIONS EXP participants trained with the app experienced faster improvement and learned more nuanced details of the squat exercise. The proposed mobile app, offering cost-effective self-discovery feedback, effectively taught users about squat exercises without expensive in-person trainer sessions. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service KCT0008178 (retrospectively registered); https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/24006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Joo Chae
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Been Kim
- Division of Sports Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanmo Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jinwook Seo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jun Park
- Division of Sports Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Coscia F, Di Filippo ES, Gigliotti PV, Fano Illic G. Effect of physical activity on long COVID fatigue: an unsolved enigma. Eur J Transl Myol 2023; 33:11639. [PMID: 37667865 PMCID: PMC10583148 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Covid-19 disease is well documented and often the most common symptoms include myalgia and muscle fatigue. Approximately 10% of those infected complain of persistent fatigue even many months after the end of the acute phase of the disease. This gives rise to a condition different from the previous one and commonly known as 'post-acute COVID-19 syndrome' or simply Long-COVID. Although the origin of muscle fatigue is multifactorial, the state of prolonged fatigue observed in the Long-COVID syndrome suggests the existence of a possible state of atrophy or rather acute sarcopenia. Under these conditions, the use of physical activity programs can effectively counteract the state of atrophy underlying the fatigue phenomena observed. If this is also the situation during the Long-COVID, the muscular symptom should be positively influenced by the administration of programmed physical activity cycles. In fact, in patients with Long-COVID, the few published papers seem to indicate that patients who are physically active and who make an effort to engage in physical activity even during the illness have decreased duration and intensity of the illness. However, analysis of the studies in the literature also suggests that a small percentage of people with Long-COVID do not appear to benefit from the application of physical activity programs, so further studies on homogeneous samples are needed to provide a firm answer to the question: can planned physical activity help patients during the pathological course of Long-COVID?
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Coscia
- Sports Medicine Service of the San Candido-Innichen and Brunico-Bruneck Hospitals, Bolzano-Bozen, San Candido.
| | - Ester Sara Di Filippo
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; IIM-Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti.
| | | | - Giorgio Fano Illic
- IIM-Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Campus of Free University of Alcatraz, Free University of Alcatraz, Santa Cristina di Gubbio, Gubbio, Italy; A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.
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Gim JA, Lee SY, Kim SC, Baek KW, Seo SH, Yoo JI. Relationship between DNA methylation changes and skeletal muscle mass. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:48. [PMID: 37653517 PMCID: PMC10472633 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a disease diagnosed in the elderly. In patients with sarcopenia, the muscle mass decreases every year. The occurrence of sarcopenia is greatly affected by extrinsic factors such as eating habits, exercise, and lifestyle. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between muscle mass traits and genes affected by epigenetic factors with three different adjustment methods using Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KOGES) data. RESULTS We conducted a demographic study and DNA methylation profiling by three studies according to the muscle mass index (MMI) adjustment methods: appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight (MMI1); appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by square of height (MMI2); appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by BMI (MMI3). We analyzed differentially methylated regions (DMRs) for each group. We then restricted our subjects to be top 30% (T30) and bottom 30% (B30) based on each MMI adjustment method. Additionally, we performed enrichment analysis using PathfindR to evaluate the relationship between identified DMRs and sarcopenia. A total of 895 subjects were included in the demographic study. The values of BMI, waist, and hip showed a significant difference in all three groups. Among 446 participants, 44 subjects whose DNA methylation profiles were investigated were included for DNA methylation analysis. The results of enrichment analysis showed differences between groups. In the women group through MMI1 method, only the glutamatergic synapse pathway showed a significant result. In the men group through MMI2 method, the adherens junction pathway was the most significant. Women group through MMI2 method showed similar results, having an enriched Rap1 signaling pathway. In men group through MMI3 method, the Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway was the most enriched. Particularly, the notch signaling pathway was significantly enriched in women group through MMI3 method. CONCLUSION This study presents results about which factor should be concerned first in muscle mass index (MMI) adjustment. The present study suggested that GAB2 and JPH3 in MMI1 method, HLA-DQB1 and TBCD in MMI2 method, GAB2, NDUFB4 and ISPD in MMI3 method are potential genes that can have an impact on muscle mass. It could enable future epigenetic studies of genes based on annotation results. The present study is a nationwide study in Korea with the largest size up to date that compares adjustment indices for MMI in epigenetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-An Gim
- Department of Medical Science Research Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Lee
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seung Chan Kim
- Department of Biostatistics Cooperation Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Wan Baek
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Department of Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyo Seo
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
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Shefflette A, Patel N, Caruso J. Mitigating Sarcopenia with Diet and Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6652. [PMID: 37681791 PMCID: PMC10487983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and function from aging, inactivity, or disuse. It is a comorbidity to numerous conditions that exacerbates their severity and adversely impacts activities of daily living. While sarcopenia now receives more attention from the medical community, people with sarcopenia as a comorbidity nevertheless still sometimes receives less attention than other presenting diseases or conditions. Inevitable doctors' visits or hospital stays for those with sarcopenia as a comorbidity have far higher healthcare costs than those without this condition, which imposes a greater financial burden on the medical insurance and healthcare industries. This review offers information and guidance on this topic. Treatments for sarcopenia include dietary, exercise, and pharmacological interventions. Yet, the latter treatment is only recommended in extreme cases as it may evoke numerous side effects and has little support in the scientific literature. Currently, a more holistic approach, with an emphasis on lifestyle modification, to reduce the likelihood of sarcopenia is examined. The current review discusses dietary and exercise interventions to limit the occurrence and severity of sarcopenia. References cited in this review conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki requirements for the use of human research subjects. Most of this review's references (~97%) came from a PubMed search that spanned from 1997 to 2023. Search terms included "sarcopenia" OR "muscle wasting" OR "geriatrics"; OR "ageing"; and AND "diet" OR "exercise". In addition, papers relevant or supportive of the topic as well as those considered seminal were included in the review. Over 96% of the references were peer-reviewed articles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Caruso
- Exercise Physiology Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (A.S.); (N.P.)
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Kim MY, Shin HY, Cho SC, Yang S, Intisar A, Woo HJ, Choi YS, You CL, Kang JS, Lee YI, Park SC, Yea K, Oh TG, Downes M, Evans RM, Kim MS. Silver electroceutical technology to treat sarcopenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300036120. [PMID: 37549292 PMCID: PMC10438839 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300036120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While the world is rapidly transforming into a superaging society, pharmaceutical approaches to treat sarcopenia have hitherto not been successful due to their insufficient efficacy and failure to specifically target skeletal muscle cells (skMCs). Although electrical stimulation (ES) is emerging as an alternative intervention, its efficacy toward treating sarcopenia remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate a silver electroceutical technology with the potential to treat sarcopenia. First, we developed a high-throughput ES screening platform that can simultaneously stimulate 15 independent conditions, while utilizing only a small number of human-derived primary aged/young skMCs (hAskMC/hYskMC). The in vitro screening showed that specific ES conditions induced hypertrophy and rejuvenation in hAskMCs, and the optimal ES frequency in hAskMCs was different from that in hYskMCs. When applied to aged mice in vivo, specific ES conditions improved the prevalence and thickness of Type IIA fibers, along with biomechanical attributes, toward a younger skMC phenotype. This study is expected to pave the way toward an electroceutical treatment for sarcopenia with minimal side effects and help realize personalized bioelectronic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Shin
- CTCELLS, Inc., Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
- SBCure Corp., Daegu43017, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chun Cho
- Well Aging Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohae Yang
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Aseer Intisar
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Jung Woo
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Suk Choi
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Lim You
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Oh
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Ronald M. Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Minseok S. Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
- CTCELLS, Inc., Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
- Translational Responsive Medicine Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
- New Biology Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Republic of Korea
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Massimino E, Izzo A, Castaldo C, Ferretti E, Rivellese AA, Della Pepa G. Risk of Sarcopenia and Associated Factors in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2081. [PMID: 37510524 PMCID: PMC10380017 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the risk of sarcopenia and associated factors in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lacking. We evaluate (1) the proportion of patients at risk of sarcopenia in older adults with T2D; and (2) the factors associated with the risk of sarcopenia. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on T2D patients over 65 years referred to our outpatient clinic and who carried out the yearly complication assessment visit. Eligible patients were administered questionnaires during phone interviews for the risk evaluation of sarcopenia (SARC-F), the risk evaluation of malnutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA®-SF)), the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDI-quest), and the evaluation of physical activity (the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form). RESULTS A total of 138 patients were included in the study, and 12 patients (8.7% (95% CI 4.6-14.7)) were at risk of sarcopenia. The mean SARC-F score was significantly higher in women compared with men (2.1 ± 1.8 vs. 0.9 ± 1.4, respectively; p < 0.001). The majority of patients identified at risk of sarcopenia compared with those not at risk were women (75% vs. 30%, respectively; p = 0.003), had a higher proportion of neuropathy (50% vs. 19%, respectively; p = 0.027), a lower mean MNA®-SF score (11.6 ± 1.5 vs. 13.0 ± 1.4, respectively; p = 0.001), a lower mean MEDI-quest score (5.2 ± 1.5 vs. 5.9 ± 1, respectively; p = 0.037), and were more inactive (92% vs. 61%, respectively; p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS In a sample of older adults with T2D, the risk of sarcopenia was identified in 8.7% (95% CI: 4.6-14.7) of the sample, and the main factors associated were female gender, neuropathy, a lower MNA®-SF score, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and low physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Massimino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Izzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Castaldo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Albarosa Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Yang C, Dai Y, Li Z, Peng Y, Zhang L, Jia H. Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels With Sarcopenia and Body Composition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Paired Case-Control Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023:S1525-8610(23)00550-9. [PMID: 37423260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sarcopenia is a leading health problem among older adults. However, few studies have explored the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, sarcopenia, and body composition in older Chinese individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of serum 25(OH)D levels with sarcopenia, sarcopenia indices, and body composition in community-dwelling older Chinese adults. DESIGN Paired case-control study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This case-control study enrolled 66 older adults newly diagnosed with sarcopenia (sarcopenia group) and 66 older adults without sarcopenia (non-sarcopenia group) after screening in the community. METHODS The definition of sarcopenia was based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Spearman's correlation was used to examine the correlations among sarcopenia indices, body composition, and serum 25(OH)D. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group (29.08 ± 15.11 ng/mL) than in the non-sarcopenia group (36.28 ± 14.68 ng/mL) (P < .05). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia (OR, 7.749; 95% CI, 1.955-30.714). Serum 25(OH)D levels in men were positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (r = 0.450; P < .001) and negatively correlated with gait speed (r = -0.282; P = .032). Serum 25(OH)D levels in women were positively correlated with SMI (r = 0.286; P < .001), skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.395; P < .001), and fat-free mass (r = 0.412; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Serum 25(OH)D levels were lower in older adults with sarcopenia than those in adults without sarcopenia. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of sarcopenia, and serum 25(OH)D levels were positively correlated with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanyan Dai
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zetian Li
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yating Peng
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liangchuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hong Jia
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China; Collaborating Center of the National Institute of Health Data Sciences of China, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
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Reddy RS, Alkhamis BA, Kirmani JA, Uddin S, Ahamed WM, Ahmad F, Ahmad I, Raizah A. Age-Related Decline in Cervical Proprioception and Its Correlation with Functional Mobility and Limits of Stability Assessed Using Computerized Posturography: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Older (65+ Years) and Younger Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1924. [PMID: 37444758 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical proprioception and its implications on postural stability are crucial in older adults. Understanding their relationship is important in understanding and preventing falls in older adults. This research aims to evaluate the proprioceptive, functional mobility, and limits of stability (LOS) variables among two age groups: individuals aged 65 and above and those below 65. A secondary goal of the study is to analyze the relationship between cervical proprioception, functional mobility, and the LOS. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 100 participants each were included in the older and younger groups. Researchers employed the target reposition technique to assess cervical proprioception and measured the joint position error (JPE) in degrees. Functional mobility was estimated using the Berg balance scale (BBS) and timed up-and-go test (TUG). In addition, dynamic posturography was utilized to evaluate variables related to the LOS, including reaction time, maximum excursion, and directional control. RESULTS The magnitudes of the mean cervical JPE are larger (p < 0.001), and functional mobility (p < 0.001) and the LOS (p < 0.001) are impaired in older individuals compared to the younger ones. The cervical proprioception is significantly associated with functional mobility (p < 0.001), and the LOS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In older adults aged above 65 years, cervical proprioception, functional mobility, and the LOS are impaired. Older adults with greater cervical JPE had more impaired functional mobility and LOS parameters. When evaluating or treating older adults with problems with their balance or falls, these factors should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Shankar Reddy
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid Universiry, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Batool Abdulelah Alkhamis
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid Universiry, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junaid Ahmed Kirmani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Uddin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Mumtaz Ahamed
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid Universiry, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Raizah
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Thiamwong L, Xie R, Conner NE, Renziehausen JM, Ojo EO, Stout JR. Body composition, fear of falling and balance performance in community-dwelling older adults. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2023; 7:80-86. [PMID: 38516177 PMCID: PMC10957135 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to 1) assess body composition using a portable technology, bioelectrical impedance analysis, (BIA) and 2) examine the associations between body composition and the discrepancy of fear of falling (FOF) and balance performance. Methods A cross-sectional study included 121 older adults 60 years and older, 78% were female, 41% lived alone, and 71% had no history of falls. The discrepancy between fear of falling and balance performance was categorized into four groups. We found 47% rational (low FOF and normal balance), 19% incongruent (low FOF despite poor balance), 18% irrational (high FOF despite normal balance), and 16% congruent (high FOF and poor balance). Results Body Fat Mass (BFM), Percent Body Fat (PBF), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were correlated with fear of falling and balance performance. BMI was significantly different in the rational group (p = 0.004) and incongruent group (p = 0.02) compared to the congruent group. PBF was significantly different between the incongruent (p = 0.002), irrational (p = 0.014), and rational (p < 0.001) groups, compared to the congruent group. Conclusions The study found that body BFM, PBF, and BMI were correlated with fear of falling and balance impairment. High Body Mass Index and Body Fat Mass were associated with a discrepancy between FOF and balance. Body composition analysis devices, such as BIA and other portable technologies, could be taken to underserved communities and may help identify community-dwelling older adults who are frail and may be at high risk of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladda Thiamwong
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Disability, Aging and Technology Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Norma E. Conner
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Disability, Aging and Technology Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Justine M. Renziehausen
- School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey R. Stout
- Disability, Aging and Technology Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Truong Thuy Nguyen V, Taheri N, Choi EL, Kellogg TA, Linden DR, Hayashi Y. Insulin-Like Growth Factor1 Preserves Gastric Pacemaker Cells and Motor Function in Aging via ERK1/2 Activation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:369-383. [PMID: 37301443 PMCID: PMC10372898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Impaired gastric motor function in the elderly causes reduced food intake leading to frailty and sarcopenia. We previously found that aging-related impaired gastric compliance was mainly owing to depletion of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), pacemaker cells, and neuromodulator cells. These changes were associated with reduced food intake. Transformation-related protein 53-induced suppression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 in ICC stem cell (ICC-SC) cell-cycle arrest is a key process for ICC depletion and gastric dysfunction during aging. Here, we investigated whether insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), which can activate ERK in gastric smooth muscles and invariably is reduced with age, could mitigate ICC-SC/ICC loss and gastric dysfunction in klotho mice, a model of accelerated aging. METHODS Klotho mice were treated with the stable IGF1 analog LONG R3 recombinant human (rh) IGF1 (150 μg/kg intraperitoneally twice daily for 3 weeks). Gastric ICC/ICC-SC and signaling pathways were studied by flow cytometry, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Gastric compliance was assessed in ex vivo systems. Transformation-related protein 53 was induced with nutlin 3a and ERK1/2 signaling was activated by rhIGF-1 in the ICC-SC line. RESULTS LONG R3 rhIGF1 treatment prevented reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and gastric ICC/ICC-SC decrease. LONG R3 rhIGF1 also mitigated the reduced food intake and impaired body weight gain. Improved gastric function by LONG R3 rhIGF1 was verified by in vivo systems. In ICC-SC cultures, rhIGF1 mitigated nutlin 3a-induced reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cell growth arrest. CONCLUSIONS IGF1 can mitigate age-related ICC/ICC-SC loss by activating ERK1/2 signaling, leading to improved gastric compliance and increased food intake in klotho mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy Truong Thuy Nguyen
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Negar Taheri
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Egan L Choi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Todd A Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David R Linden
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang J, Ma B, Jia Y, Chen O. Sleep duration affects the sequential change of body mass index and muscle strength: a contribution to dynapenic obesity. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:288. [PMID: 37173647 PMCID: PMC10177716 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With aging, body mass index (BMI) increases and muscle strength declines, resulting in dynapenic obesity. It remains unknown whether and how sleep duration contributes to the sequence of BMI and muscle strength change in the progression of dynapenic obesity. METHODS Data were derived from the first two waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Sleep duration was self-reported. BMI was calculated and grip strength (GS) was measured to reflect muscle strength. The effect of baseline sleep duration on the sequential change of BMI and GS was assessed using two mediation models considering the nonlinear associations between them. The moderating effect of metabolic disorder was also tested. RESULTS Totally 4986 participants aged ≥ 50 years (50.8% females) with complete information on variables were included. Baseline BMI fully mediated the nonlinear association between sleep duration and follow-up GS change, but baseline GS did not mediate between sleep duration and follow-up BMI change for older men and women. Short sleep duration positively affected BMI-induced GS change (β = 0.038; 95%CI, 0.015-0.074), while this favorable effect became nonsignificant for moderate sleep duration (β = 0.008; 95% CI, -0.003-0.024) and turned negative with prolonged sleep duration (β = - 0.022; 95%CI, - 0.051 to - 0.003). This nonlinear mediation effect was more pronounced in older women who are relatively metabolically healthy at baseline. CONCLUSION For older adults in China, the influence of sleep duration on BMI-induced GS change but not the GS-induced BMI change suggested the contribution of sleep duration to the sequential course in the progression of dynapenic obesity. Sleep duration deviated either above or below normal range may confer adverse impact on GS through BMI. Strategies addressing sleep and obesity jointly to improve muscle function and delay the progression of dynapenic obesity are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuanmin Jia
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ou Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Song Z, Pan T, Tong X, Yang Y, Zhang Z. The effects of nutritional supplementation on older sarcopenic individuals who engage in resistance training: a meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1109789. [PMID: 37181154 PMCID: PMC10167299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Sarcopenia is a typical age-related disorder characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Resistance training has a noticeable effect on sarcopenia, but there is no consensus on whether nutritional supplements can boost this effect. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant literature to investigate the therapeutic effect of resistance training combined with nutrition intervention on sarcopenia compared with resistance training alone. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Sinomed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched for relevant studies on resistance training combined with nutritional intervention for aging adults with sarcopenia. The retrieval period ranged from the inception of the databases to May 24, 2022. Literature screening and information extraction were performed by two researchers. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was adopted for literature quality evaluation and Stata 15.0 software for analysis. Results Twelve clinical trials were included, involving 713 older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia, of whom 361 were assigned to the experimental group and 352 to the control group. Compared with the control group, grip strength of the experimental group was substantially elevated [WMD = 1.87, 95% CI (0.01, 3.74), P = 0.049]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin D and protein increased grip strength and gait speed. There were no significant improvement in grip strength and gait speed in the protein and vitamin D free subgroup. Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated that resistance training combined with additional nutritional supplementation, especially compound nutritional supplements that included protein and vitamin D, might further enhance grip strength rather than muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022346734.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
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Gehle T, Lau S, Hackbarth M, Zieschang T, Koschate J. Physical performance and compensation strategies of older adults to maintain physical fitness and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:239. [PMID: 37081379 PMCID: PMC10117253 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, worldwide restrictions in social life, including the closure of sport facilities, led to a reduction of physical activity and subjective well-being. The aim of this study is to describe physical training habits, and subjective well-being in relation to objective training data from a chip-controlled fitness circuit in the rural area of Oldenburg, Germany. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 35 older adults (20 women 71 ± 6 y/o and 15 men, 72 ± 7 y/o), regularly exercising in a chip-controlled fitness circuit before the lockdown in March 2020, were interviewed. The training data from February to August 2020 from six strength and two endurance exercise devices were extracted and compared to data before and up to three months after the lockdown. Additionally, participants' personal characteristics, physical activities and quality of life before, during, and after the first lockdown were assessed. RESULTS The leg score (pre, postJune, postJuly, postAugust: 1207 ± 469 kg, 1248 ± 477 kg, 1254 ± 516 kg, 1283 ± 493 kg; p = 0.137) and endurance scores (ergometer: 0.93 ± 0.35 min- 1 · watt- 1, 0.86 ± 0.31 min- 1 · watt- 1, 0.86 ± 0.31 min- 1 · watt- 1, 0.85 ± 0.28 min- 1 · watt- 1 ; p = 0.442) were not significantly different, in contrast to the rowing score (1426 ± 582 kg, 1558 ± 704 kg, 1630 ± 757 kg, 1680 ± 837 kg; p < 0.001). A significant increase of total energy expenditure (p = 0.026), mainly through gardening, walking, and bike riding was observed. The greatest personal limitation reported, was the loss of social contacts. CONCLUSION The presented data did not show a decrease in training performance, but a slight trend towards an increase. A compensatory increase in regular outdoor activities seems to have a protective effect against a loss of training performance and may have the potential to stabilize subjective well-being during lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Gehle
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Health Services Research, Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Sandra Lau
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Health Services Research, Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Michel Hackbarth
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Health Services Research, Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tania Zieschang
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Health Services Research, Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Koschate
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Health Services Research, Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Lee K. Home-Based Exergame Program to Improve Physical Function, Fall Efficacy, Depression and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081109. [PMID: 37107943 PMCID: PMC10137686 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of home-based exergame programs on physical function, fall efficacy, depression, and health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. Fifty-seven participants aged 75 years or older were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a home-based exergame program that included balance and lower-extremity muscle strength for 8 weeks. The participants exercised at home for 50 min three times a week and were monitored through a video-conference application. Both groups received online education on musculoskeletal health once a week, whereas the control group did not exercise. Physical function was assessed using the one-leg standing test (OLST), Berg balance scale (BBS), functional reaching test (FRT), timed up-and-go test (TUGT), and five-times sit-to-stand (FTSTS). Fall efficacy was assessed using the modified falls efficacy scale (MFES). Depression was assessed using the geriatric depression scale (GDS). Health-related quality of life was assessed using a 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). The experimental group showed an overall improvement in OLST, BBS, FRT, TUGT, and FTSTS (p < 0.05). MFES was significantly increased in the experimental group after the intervention (p < 0.05). The GDS significantly decreased in the experimental group after the intervention (p < 0.05). In SF-36, role limitations due to physical health, general health, and fatigue (energy and fatigue) items improved in the experimental group after intervention (p < 0.05). An 8-week home-based exergame program improved physical function, fall efficacy, depression, and health-related quality of life in older adults. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05802537).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongjin Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Kyungdong University, Wonju 24764, Republic of Korea
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49
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Montes-Ibarra M, Orsso CE, Limon-Miro AT, Gonzalez MC, Marzetti E, Landi F, Heymsfield SB, Barazonni R, Prado CM. Prevalence and clinical implications of abnormal body composition phenotypes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2023:S0002-9165(23)46332-0. [PMID: 37037395 PMCID: PMC10082471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of body composition (BC) abnormalities on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE We summarized the evidence on BC abnormalities and their relationship with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. METHODS A systematic search was conducted up until September 26, 2022 for observational studies using BC techniques to quantify skeletal muscle mass (or related compartments), muscle radiodensity or echo intensity, adipose tissue (AT, or related compartments), and phase angle (PhA) in adults with COVID-19. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A synthesis without meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the prevalence of BC abnormalities and their significant associations with clinical outcomes. RESULTS We included 62 studies (69.4% low risk of bias) with 12 to 1,138 participants, except three with up to 490,301 participants. Using computed tomography and different cut-offs, prevalence ranged approximately from 22-90% for low muscle mass, 12-85% for low muscle radiodensity, 16-70% for high visceral AT. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), prevalence of high fat mass was 51% and low PhA was 22-88%. Mortality was inversely related to PhA (3/4 studies) and positively related to intramuscular AT (4/5 studies), muscle echo intensity (2/2 studies), and BIA-estimated fat mass (2/2 studies). Intensive care unit admission was positively related to visceral AT (6/7 studies) and total AT (2/3 studies). Disease severity and hospitalization outcomes were positively related to intramuscular AT (2/2 studies). Inconsistent associations were found for the rest of BC measures and hospitalization outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Abnormalities in BC were prevalent in patients with COVID-19. Although conflicting associations were observed among certain BC abnormalities and clinical outcomes, higher muscle echo intensity (reflective of myosteatosis) and lower PhA were more consistently associated with greater mortality risk. Likewise, high IMAT and VAT were associated with mortality and ICU admission, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Montes-Ibarra
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food, & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. (MMI, CEO, ATLM and CMP)
| | - Camila E Orsso
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food, & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. (MMI, CEO, ATLM and CMP)
| | - Ana Teresa Limon-Miro
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food, & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. (MMI, CEO, ATLM and CMP); Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. (ATLM)
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. (MCG)
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. (EM and FL); Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. (EM and FL)
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. (EM and FL); Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. (EM and FL)
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States. (SBH)
| | - Rocco Barazonni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy; Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy. (RB)
| | - Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food, & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. (MMI, CEO, ATLM and CMP).
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50
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Wen P, Tan F, Wu M, Cai Q, Xu R, Zhang X, Wang Y, Li S, Lei M, Chen H, Khan MSA, Zou Q, Hu X. Proper use of light environments for mitigating the effects of COVID-19 and other prospective public health emergency lockdowns on sleep quality and fatigue in adolescents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14627. [PMID: 37064435 PMCID: PMC10027303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a public health emergency of international concern, and some countries still implement strict regional lockdowns. Further, the upcoming 2023 Asian Games and World University Games will implement a closed-loop management system. Quarantine can harm mental and physical health, to which adolescents are more vulnerable compared with adults. Previous studies indicated that light can affect our psychology and physiology, and adolescents were exposed to the artificial light environment in the evening during the lockdown. Thus, this study aimed to establish and assess appropriate residential light environments to mitigate the effects of lockdowns on sleep quality and fatigue in adolescents. The participants were 66 adolescents (12.15 ± 2.45 years of age) in a closed-loop management environment, who participated in a 28-day (7-day baseline, 21-day light intervention) randomized controlled trial of a light-emitting diode (LED) light intervention. The adolescents were exposed to different correlated color temperature (CCT) LED light environments (2000 K or 8000 K) for 1 h each evening. The results for self-reported daily sleep quality indicated that the low CCT LED light environment significantly improved sleep quality (p < 0.05), and the blood test results for serum urea and hemoglobin indicated that this environment also significantly reduced fatigue (p < 0.05) and moderately increased performance, compared to the high CCT LED light environment. These findings can serve as a springboard for further research that aims to develop interventions to reduce the effects of public health emergency lockdowns on mental and physical health in adolescents, and provide a reference for participants in the upcoming Asian Games and World University Games.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Wen
- School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Fuyun Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Sport Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Qijun Cai
- Guangzhou Institute of Sport Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Sport Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Sport Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Shukun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Menglai Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huanqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Muhammad Saddique Akbar Khan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qihong Zou
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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