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Mendes E, Ramalhete C, Duarte N. Myrsinane-Type Diterpenes: A Comprehensive Review on Structural Diversity, Chemistry and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:147. [PMID: 38203318 PMCID: PMC10779237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia species are important sources of polycyclic and macrocyclic diterpenes, which have been the focus of natural-product-based drug research due to their relevant biological properties, including anticancer, multidrug resistance reversal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Premyrsinane, cyclomyrsinane, and myrsinane diterpenes are generally and collectively designated as myrsinane-type diterpenes. These compounds are derived from the macrocyclic lathyrane structure and are characterized by having highly oxygenated rearranged polycyclic systems. This review aims to describe and summarize the distribution and diversity of 220 myrsinane-type diterpenes isolated in the last four decades from about 20 Euphorbia species. Some myrsinane diterpenes obtained from Jatropha curcas are also described. Discussion on their plausible biosynthetic pathways is presented, as well as isolation procedures and structural elucidation using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the most important biological activities are highlighted, which include cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activities, the modulation of efflux pumps, the neuroprotective effects, and the inhibition of enzymes such as urease, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, and prolyl endopeptidase, among other biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Mendes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMED.Ulisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMED.Ulisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.R.)
- ATLÂNTICA—Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMED.Ulisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.R.)
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Zhan ZJ, Li S, Chu W, Yin S. Euphorbia diterpenoids: isolation, structure, bioactivity, biosynthesis, and synthesis (2013-2021). Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:2132-2174. [PMID: 36111621 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00047d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2013 to 2021As the characteristic metabolites of Euphorbia plants, Euphorbia diterpenoids have always been a hot topic in related science communities due to their intriguing structures and broad bioactivities. In this review, we intent to provide an in-depth and extensive coverage of Euphorbia diterpenoids reported from 2013 to the end of 2021, including 997 new Euphorbia diterpenoids and 78 known ones with latest progress. Multiple aspects will be summarized, including their occurrences, chemical structures, bioactivities, and syntheses, in which the structure-activity relationship and biosynthesis of this class will be discussed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Wang Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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Xu Y, Tang P, Zhu M, Wang Y, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Diterpenoids from the genus Euphorbia: Structure and biological activity (2013-2019). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112846. [PMID: 34229224 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Euphorbiaceae is one of the largest families of higher plants, including 7500 species, and many of them are used as medicines in China. From 2013 to 2019, a total of 455 previously undescribed diterpenoids were isolated from 53 species of Euphorbia, and some skeleton types were first discovered from the genus Euphorbia. Most of the diterpenoids isolated from Euphorbia spp. have been tested for their biological activity, and some of them were first reported for Euphorbia diterpenoids in recent years, such as neuroprotection, antimalarial activity and inhibition of osteoclast formation. In this review, we summarize all the isolated diterpenoids from the genus Euphorbia according to their skeleton types, classify all these diterpenoids into 26 normal classes and 37 novel skeleton types, and summarize their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Tang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Zhu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Shafiee F, Rabbani F, Yazdiniapour Z, Ghanadian M, Zolfaghari B, Maleki M. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay of novel cyclomyrsinol diterpenes against breast cancer cell lines. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ayatollahi AM, Haji Molla Hoseini M, Ghanadian SM, Kosari-Nasab M, Mami F, Yazdiniapoure Z, Zolfaghari B, Salari AA. TAMEC: a new analogue of cyclomyrsinol diterpenes decreases anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Neurol Res 2017; 39:1056-1065. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1376789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Majid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Mustafa Ghanadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morteza Kosari-Nasab
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mami
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Yazdiniapoure
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behzad Zolfaghari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Salari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders, Alborz, Iran
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Zolfaghari B, Yazdiniapour Z, Ghanadian M, Lanzotti V. Cyclomyrsinane and premyrsinane diterpenes from Euphorbia sogdiana Popov. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Vasas A, Forgo P, Orvos P, Tálosi L, Csorba A, Pinke G, Hohmann J. Myrsinane, Premyrsinane, and Cyclomyrsinane Diterpenes from Euphorbia falcata as Potassium Ion Channel Inhibitors with Selective G Protein-Activated Inwardly Rectifying Ion Channel (GIRK) Blocking Effects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1990-2004. [PMID: 27441737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
GIRK channels are activated by a large number of G protein-coupled receptors and regulate the electrical activity of neurons, cardiac atrial myocytes, and β-pancreatic cells. Abnormalities in GIRK channel function have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain, drug addiction, and cardiac arrhythmias. In the heart, GIRK channels are selectively expressed in the atrium, and their activation inhibits pacemaker activity, thereby slowing the heart rate. In the present study, 19 new diterpenes, falcatins A-S (1-19), and the known euphorprolitherin D (20) were isolated from Euphorbia falcata. The compounds were assayed on stable transfected HEK-hERG (Kv11.1) and HEK-GIRK1/4 (Kir3.1 and Kir3.4) cells. Blocking activity on GIRK channels was exerted by 13 compounds (61-83% at 10 μM), and, among them, five possessed low potency on the hERG channel (4-20% at 10 μM). These selective activities suggest that myrsinane-related diterpenes are potential lead compounds for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Péter Orvos
- Rytmion Ltd. , Ősz u. 27, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged , Dóm tér 12, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Gyula Pinke
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University , Vár 2, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
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Shadi S, Saeidi H, Ghanadian M, Rahimnejad MR, Aghaei M, Ayatollahi SM, Iqbal Choudhary M. New macrocyclic diterpenes fromEuphorbia connataBoiss. with cytotoxic activities on human breast cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:607-14. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.979418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Unusual ingenoids from Euphorbia erythradenia Bioss. with pro-apoptotic effects. Fitoterapia 2013; 91:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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