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Sun N, Wu L, Zheng F, Liang D, Qi F, Song S, Peng J, Zhang Y, Mao H. Atmospheric environment characteristic of severe dust storms and its impact on sulfate formation in downstream city. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171128. [PMID: 38395168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigated the impact of dust storms (DSs) on downstream cities, by selecting representative DS events. In this paper, we discussed the characteristics of meteorological conditions, air pollutants, PM2.5 components, and their influence on sulfate formation mechanisms. During DSs, strong winds, reaching speeds of up to 10 m/s, led to significant increases in PM10 and PM2.5, with maximum concentrations of 2684.5 and 429 μg/m3, respectively. Primary gaseous pollutants experienced substantial reductions, with decline rates of 48.1, 34.9, 36.8, and 9.0 % for SO2, NO2, NH3, and CO, respectively. Despite a notable increase in PM2.5 concentrations, only 7.6 % of the total mass of PM2.5 was attributed to ionic and carbonaceous components, a much lower value than observed before the DSs (77.3 %). Concentrations of Fe, Ti, and Mn exhibited increases by factors of 6.5-14.1, 10.4-17.0, and 1.6-4.7, respectively. In contrast to the significant decrease of >76.2 % in nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR), sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) remained at a relatively high level, displaying a strong positive correlation with high concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Ti. Quantitative analysis revealed an average increase of 0.187 and 0.045 μg/m3 in sulfate from natural sources and heterogeneous generation, respectively. The heterogeneous reaction on mineral dust was closely linked to atmospheric humidity, radiation intensity, the form of metal existence, and concentrations of it. High concentrations of titanium dioxide and iron‑manganese oxides in mineral dust promoted heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 through photocatalysis during the daytime and metal ion catalysis during the nighttime. This study establishes that the metal components in mineral dust promote heterogeneous sulfate formation, quantifies the yield of sulfate generated as a result, and provides possible mechanisms for heterogeneous sulfate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixiu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Fangyuan Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Danni Liang
- Tianjin Shuangyun Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300350, China
| | - FuYuan Qi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shaojie Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianfei Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yufen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongjun Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zhang S, Li D, Ge S, Wu C, Xu X, Liu X, Li R, Zhang F, Wang G. Elucidating the Mechanism on the Transition-Metal Ion-Synergetic-Catalyzed Oxidation of SO 2 with Implications for Sulfate Formation in Beijing Haze. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2912-2921. [PMID: 38252977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Currently, atmospheric sulfate aerosols cannot be predicted reliably by numerical models because the pathways and kinetics of sulfate formation are unclear. Here, we systematically investigated the synergetic catalyzing role of transition-metal ions (TMIs, Fe3+/Mn2+) in the oxidation of SO2 by O2 on aerosols using chamber experiments. Our results showed that the synergetic effect of TMIs is critically dependent on aerosol pH due to the solubility of Fe(III) species sensitive to the aqueous phase acidity, which is effective only under pH < 3 conditions. The sulfate formation rate on aerosols is 2 orders of magnitude larger than that in bulk solution and increases significantly on smaller aerosols, suggesting that such a synergetic-catalyzed oxidation occurs on the aerosol surface. The kinetic reaction rate can be described as R = k*[H+]-2.95[Mn(II)][Fe(III)][S(IV)] (pH ≤ 3.0). We found that TMI-synergetic-catalyzed oxidation is the dominant pathway of sulfate formation in Beijing when haze particles are very acidic, while heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 by NO2 is the most important pathway when haze particles are weakly acidic. Our work for the first time clarified the role and kinetics of TMI-synergetic-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 by O2 in haze periods, which can be parameterized into models for future studies of sulfate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Zhang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200434, China
| | | | - Can Wu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Xinbei Xu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
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Joyner NA, Lee ZR, Dixon DA. Binding of SO 3 to Group 4 Transition Metal Oxide Nanoclusters. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9541-9549. [PMID: 37934079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxide (TMO) clusters are being studied for their ability to absorb acid gases generated by energy production processes. The interaction of SO3, a byproduct of common industrial processes, with group 4 metal (Ti, Zr, and Hf) oxide nanoclusters, has been predicted using electronic structure methods. The calculations were done at the density functional theory (DFT) and correlated molecular orbital coupled cluster singles and doubles CCSD(T) theory levels. There is a reasonable agreement between the DFT/ωB97x-D energies with the CCSD(T) results. SO3 is predicted to strongly chemisorb to these clusters, as do NO2 and CO2. For SO3, these chemisorption processes favor binding to TMO clusters as SO42- sulfate in both the terminal and bridging configurations. It is predicted that SO3 fully extracts the bridging oxygen from the TMO lattice to form bridging SO42-. This is favorable because of the lower S-O bond dissociation energy of SO3, whereas other acid gases add across the bridging oxygen because of their higher A-O bond dissociation energy. SO3 is capable of physisorption as long as an exposed metal center is present in the lattice. If a metal center has a terminal oxo-group, then SO3 will prefer the SO42- configuration. An approximately linear relationship exists between the physisorption energy and proton affinity for rows 2 and 3 elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas A Joyner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Zachary R Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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Liu Y, Deng Y, Liu J, Fang X, Wang T, Li K, Gong K, Bacha AU, Nabi I, Ge Q, Zhang X, George C, Zhang L. A novel pathway of atmospheric sulfate formation through carbonate radicals. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2022; 22:9175-9197. [DOI: 10.5194/acp-22-9175-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Carbon dioxide is considered an inert gas that rarely participates in atmospheric chemical reactions. Nonetheless, we show here that CO2 is involved in some important photo-oxidation reactions in the atmosphere through the formation of carbonate radicals (CO3⚫-). This potentially active intermediate CO3⚫- is routinely overlooked in atmospheric chemistry concerning its effect on sulfate formation. The present work demonstrates that the SO2 uptake coefficient is enhanced by 17 times on mineral dust particles driven by CO3⚫-. Importantly, upon irradiation, mineral dust particles are speculated to produce gas-phase carbonate radical ions when the atmospherically relevant concentration of CO2 presents, thereby potentially promoting external sulfate aerosol formation and oxidative potential in the atmosphere. Employing a suite of laboratory investigations of sulfate formation in the presence of carbonate radicals on the model and authentic dust particles, ground-based field measurements of sulfate and (bi)carbonate ions within ambient PM, together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations for single electron transfer processes in terms of CO3⚫--initiated S(IV) oxidation, a novel role of carbonate radical in atmospheric chemistry is elucidated.
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Chen Y, Tong S, Li W, Liu Y, Tan F, Ge M, Xie X, Sun J. Photocatalytic Oxidation of SO 2 by TiO 2: Aerosol Formation and the Key Role of Gaseous Reactive Oxygen Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9784-9793. [PMID: 34232022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic materials are proved to effectively eliminate gaseous pollutants and are widely used in the environment. However, as one of the rare experiments focusing on their influence on secondary aerosol formation generated in the gas phase (SAg), our study demonstrated the high-yield SAg formation in the photocatalysis process. In this study, the photodegradation of SO2 by TiO2 under various relative humidity (RH) conditions was deeply explored with multiple methods. Unexpectedly, H2SO4 aerosols (SAg-H2SO4) in yields of 10.10-32.64% were observed under the studied RH conditions for the first time. Gaseous •OH and H2O2 generated from the oxidation of H2O and reduction of O2 by TiO2 were directly detected in the photocatalysis process, and they were identified as the determining factor for SAg-H2SO4 formation. The formation of SAg-H2SO4 was also influenced by RH, the heterogeneous reaction of SO2, and the uptake of H2SO4. The role of the released gaseous •OH and H2O2 on atmospheric chemistry was proved to be unignorable by adopting the obtained parameters into the real environment. These findings provided direct experimental evidence of secondary pollution in the photocatalysis process and are of great significance to the field of atmospheric environment and photocatalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weiran Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fang Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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Ma Q, Zhong C, Ma J, Ye C, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhang P, Chen T, Liu C, Chu B, He H. Comprehensive Study about the Photolysis of Nitrates on Mineral Oxides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8604-8612. [PMID: 34132529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrates formed on mineral dust through heterogeneous reactions in high NOx areas can undergo photolysis to regenerate NOx and potentially interfere in the photochemistry in the downwind low NOx areas. However, little is known about such renoxification processes. In this study, photolysis of various nitrates on different mineral oxides was comprehensively investigated in a flow reactor and in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS). TiO2 was found much more reactive than Al2O3 and SiO2 with both NO2 and HONO as the two major photolysis products. The yields of NO2 and HONO depend on the cation basicity of the nitrate salts or the acidity of particles. As such, NH4NO3 is much more productive than other nitrates like Fe(NO3)3, Ca(NO3)2, and KNO3. SO2 and water vapor promote the photodegradation by increasing the surface acidity due to the photoinduced formation of H2SO4/sulfate and H+, respectively. O2 enables the photo-oxidation of NOx to regenerate nitrate and thus inhibits the NOx yield. Overall, our results demonstrated that the photolysis of nitrate can be accelerated under complex air pollution conditions, which are helpful for understanding the transformation of nitrate and the nitrogen cycle in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunxiang Ye
- Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Center for Environment and Health, and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianzeng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang T, Liu Y, Deng Y, Cheng H, Fang X, Zhang L. Heterogeneous Formation of Sulfur Species on Manganese Oxides: Effects of Particle Type and Moisture Condition. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7300-7312. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Yue Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Hanyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhong Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, Peoples’ Republic of China
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Yang N, Tsona NT, Cheng S, Wang Y, Wu L, Ge M, Du L. Effects of NO 2 and SO 2 on the heterogeneous reaction of acetic acid on α-Al 2O 3 in the presence and absence of simulated irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:408-417. [PMID: 31994557 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of NO2 and SO2 on the atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of acetic acid on α-Al2O3 in the presence and absence of simulated irradiation were investigated at ambient conditions by using the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) technique. The experiment was divided into two parts: the heterogeneous reaction experiment and the pre-adsorption reaction experiment under light and dark conditions. In the heterogeneous reaction experiment, solar radiation stimulates the formation of more acetate and nitrate. At the same time, it can promote the partial conversion of sulfites to sulfates in the heterogeneous reaction of SO2 on α-Al2O3 particles. It can be seen that solar radiation plays a significant role in the heterogeneous reactions of inorganic and organic gases on mineral particles. In the pre-adsorption reaction experiment, the pre-adsorbed nitrate, sulfite or sulfate have conspicuous inhibition influence on the formation of acetate in the presence and absence of simulated irradiation. This indicates that the role of pre-adsorbed species should be given more attention for the heterogeneous reaction of acetic acid on the surface of α-Al2O3 particles. When α-Al2O3 particles were pre-adsorbed by different species, simulated irradiation could facilitate the growth of different amounts of acetate. It was found that the extent to which solar radiation contributes to heterogeneous reactions of different kinds of gases on different mineral particles is different. This further emphasizes the complexities of the heterogeneous conversion processes of atmospheric trace gases on the surface of mineral aerosols, promoting a better understanding of the effects of solar radiation and pre-adsorption on the heterogeneous reaction in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shumin Cheng
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Yang N, Tsona NT, Cheng S, Li S, Xu L, Wang Y, Wu L, Du L. Competitive reactions of SO 2 and acetic acid on α-Al 2O 3 and CaCO 3 particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134362. [PMID: 31522042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions between gaseous pollutants and mineral particles have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of atmospheric chemistry. In this paper, competitive reactions between SO2 and acetic acid on the surface of α-Al2O3 and CaCO3 particles were studied by the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic (DRIFTS) technique in dark and dry conditions. At the same time, the temporary evolution of the integrated absorbance of acetate and sulfite was investigated to further understand the interaction of SO2 and acetic acid on the mineral particles. On the surface of α-Al2O3 particles, acetate and sulfite can compete for surface-active sites, resulting in a decrease in the total amount of acetates. In dark and dry conditions, the effect of acetic acid on SO2 cannot be obtained by the DRIFTS method. On the surface of CaCO3 particles, SO2 can have a competitive impact on acetic acid by grabbing active sites, leading to a slight decrease of the amount of acetates. The heterogeneous reaction of SO2 can be impeded by coexisting acetic acid, resulting in a drastic reduction of the number of sulfites. It can be seen that the formation mechanisms of acetate and sulfite on the surface of different mineral particles in the atmosphere are different, which provides a variety of ideas and possibilities for the formation of related inorganic and organic salts in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shumin Cheng
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Siyang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Li Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Zhang S, Xing J, Sarwar G, Ge Y, He H, Duan F, Zhao Y, He K, Zhu L, Chu B. Parameterization of heterogeneous reaction of SO 2 to sulfate on dust with coexistence of NH 3 and NO 2 under different humidity conditions. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (OXFORD, ENGLAND : 1994) 2019; 208:133-140. [PMID: 31186616 PMCID: PMC6559380 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate plays an important role in atmospheric haze in China, which has received considerable attention in recent years. Various types of parameterization methods and heterogeneous oxidation rates of SO2 have been used in previous studies. However, properly representing heterogeneous sulfate formation in air quality models remains a big challenge. In this study, we quantified the heterogeneous oxidation reaction using experimental results that approximate the haze conditions in China. Firstly, a series of experiments were conducted to investigate the heterogeneous uptake of SO2 with different relative humidity (RH) levels and the presence of NH3 and NO2 on natural dust surfaces. Then the uptake coefficients for heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 to sulfate at different RH under NH3 and NO2coexistence were parameterized based on the experimental results and implemented in the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ). Simulation results suggested that this new parameterization improved model performance by 6.6% in the simulation of wintertime sulfate concentrations for Beijing. The simulated maximum growth rate of SO4 2- during a heavy pollution period increased from 0.97 μg m-3 h-1 to 10.11 μg m-3 h-1. The heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 in the presence of NH3 contributed up to 23% of the sulfate concentration during heavy pollution periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia Xing
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Golam Sarwar
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Yanli Ge
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Fengkui Duan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kebin He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lidan Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Du C, Kong L, Zhanzakova A, Tong S, Yang X, Wang L, Fu H, Cheng T, Chen J, Zhang S. Impact of adsorbed nitrate on the heterogeneous conversion of SO 2 on α-Fe 2O 3 in the absence and presence of simulated solar irradiation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:1393-1402. [PMID: 30308908 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adsorbed nitrate is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, and it can undergo photolysis to produce oxidizing active radicals. Nitrate photolysis may be coupled with the oxidation conversions of atmospheric gaseous pollutants. However, the processes involved remain poorly understood. In this study, the impact of adsorbed nitrate on the heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 on α-Fe2O3 was investigated in the absence and presence of simulated solar irradiation by using in situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The results indicate that for α-Fe2O3 particles with no adsorbed nitrate, the formation of adsorbed sulfate on humid particles is stronger than that on dry particles. Meanwhile, light can also promote the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 and the formation of sulfate on dry particles because α-Fe2O3 is a typical photocatalyst. However, the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 on humid α-Fe2O3 particles is somewhat suppressed under light, suggesting the occurrence of photoinduced reductive dissolution. For the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 on α-Fe2O3 particles with adsorbed nitrate, the formation of sulfate on humid particles is still higher than that on dry particles. For the dry α-Fe2O3 particles with adsorbed nitrate, light promotes the formation of adsorbed sulfate. For the humid α-Fe2O3 particles with adsorbed nitrate, the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 under light is stronger than that under no light, indicating that the photolysis of adsorbed nitrate is coupled with the oxidation of SO2 and the formation of sulfate. The consumption of adsorbed nitrate and the formation of adsorbed N2O4 are observed during the introduction of SO2. A possible mechanism for the impact of adsorbed nitrate on the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 on α-Fe2O3 particles is proposed, and atmospheric implications based on these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtian Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), No. 3663 Northern Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Assiya Zhanzakova
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Songying Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tiantao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), No. 3663 Northern Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), No. 3663 Northern Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Ma Q, Wang L, Chu B, Ma J, He H. Contrary Role of H2O and O2 in the Kinetics of Heterogeneous Photochemical Reactions of SO2 on TiO2. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1311-1318. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Flores LA, Murphy JG, Copeland WB, Dixon DA. Reaction of SO2 with Group IV and VI transition metal oxide clusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Tang M, Larish WA, Fang Y, Gankanda A, Grassian VH. Heterogeneous Reactions of Acetic Acid with Oxide Surfaces: Effects of Mineralogy and Relative Humidity. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5609-16. [PMID: 27322707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the heterogeneous uptake of gaseous acetic acid on different oxides including γ-Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO under a range of relative humidity conditions. Under dry conditions, the uptake of acetic acid leads to the formation of both acetate and molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on γ-Al2O3 and CaO and only molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on SiO2. More importantly, under the conditions of this study, dimers are the major form for molecularly adsorbed acetic acid on all three particle surfaces investigated, even at low acetic acid pressures under which monomers are the dominant species in the gas phase. We have also determined saturation surface coverages for acetic acid adsorption on these three oxides under dry conditions as well as Langmuir adsorption constants in some cases. Kinetic analysis shows that the reaction rate of acetic acid increases by a factor of 3-5 for γ-Al2O3 when relative humidity increases from 0% to 15%, whereas for SiO2 particles, acetic acid and water are found to compete for surface adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Whitney A Larish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.,Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Aruni Gankanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Departments of Nanoengineering and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Nanayakkara CE, Pettibone J, Grassian VH. Sulfur dioxide adsorption and photooxidation on isotopically-labeled titanium dioxide nanoparticle surfaces: roles of surface hydroxyl groups and adsorbed water in the formation and stability of adsorbed sulfite and sulfate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:6957-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23684b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Zhu T, Shang J, Zhao D. The roles of heterogeneous chemical processes in the formation of an air pollution complex and gray haze. Sci China Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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