1
|
Ozerova VV, Mumyatov AV, Goryachev AE, Khakina EA, Peregudov AS, Aldoshin SM, Troshin PA. Rational Design of Fullerene Derivatives for Improved Stability of p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with p-i-n architecture attracted particular attention from the research community due to their simple and scalable fabrication at low temperatures. However, the operational stability of p-i-n PSCs has to be improved, which requires the development of advanced charge transport interlayers. Fullerene derivatives such as phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) are commonly used as electron transport layer (ETL) materials in PSCs, though they strongly compromise the device stability. Indeed, it has been shown that PC61BM films actively absorb volatile products resulting from photodegradation of lead halide perovskites and transport them towards top metal electrode. Thus, there is an urgent need for development of new fullerene-based electron transport materials with improved properties, in particular the ability to heal defects on the perovskite films surface and block the diffusion of volatile perovskite photodegradation products. To address this challenge, a systematic variation of organic addends structure should be performed in order to tailor the properties of fullerene derivatives. Herein, we rationally designed a series of fullerene derivatives with different side chains and explored their performance as ETL materials in perovskite solar cells. It has been shown that among all studied compounds, a methanofullerene with thiophene pendant group enables both high efficiency and improved device operational stability. The obtained results suggest that further engineering of fullerene-based materials could pave a way for the development of advanced ETL materials enabling long lifetimes of p-i-n perovskite solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V. Ozerova
- Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Mumyatov
- Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Andrey E. Goryachev
- Physics Department, Ariel University, Ramat HaGolan St. 65, Ari’el 40700, Israel
| | - Ekaterina A. Khakina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavylova St. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vavylova St. 7, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Peregudov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavylova St. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Aldoshin
- Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Troshin
- Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin HS, Ma Y, Xiang R, Manzhos S, Jeon I, Maruyama S, Matsuo Y. One-step direct oxidation of fullerene-fused alkoxy ethers to ketones for evaporable fullerene derivatives. Commun Chem 2021; 4:74. [PMID: 36697626 PMCID: PMC9814674 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketones are widely applied moieties in designing functional materials and are commonly obtained by oxidation of alcohols. However, when alcohols are protected/functionalized, the direct oxidation strategies are substantially curbed. Here we show a highly efficient copper bromide promoted one-step direct oxidation of benzylic ethers to ketones with the aid of a fullerene pendant. Mechanistic studies unveil that fullerene can serve as an electron pool proceeding the one-step oxidation of alkoxy group to ketone. In the absence of the fullerene pendant, the unreachable activation energy threshold hampers the direct oxidation of the alkoxy group. In the presence of the fullerene pendant, generated fullerene radical cation can activate the neighbour C-H bond of the alkoxy moiety, allowing a favourable energy barrier for initiating the direct oxidation. The produced fullerene-fused ketone possesses high thermal stability, affording the pin-hole free and amorphous electron-transport layer with a high electron-transport mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Sheng Lin
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XDepartment of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yue Ma
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials of Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Rong Xiang
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sergei Manzhos
- grid.418084.10000 0000 9582 2314Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, QC Canada
| | - Il Jeon
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XDepartment of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan ,grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials of Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han F, Wang R, Feng Y, Wang S, Liu L, Li X, Han Y, Chen H. On demand synthesis of hollow fullerene nanostructures. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1548. [PMID: 30948707 PMCID: PMC6449386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow nanostructures are widely used in chemistry, materials, bioscience, and medicine, but their fabrication remains a great challenge. In particular, there is no effective strategy for their assembly and interconnection. We bring pottery, the oldest and simplest method of fabricating hollow containers, into the nanoscale. By exploiting the liquid nature of the xylene template, fullerene hollow nanostructures of tailored shapes, such as bowls, bottles, and cucurbits, are readily synthesized. The liquid templates permit stepwise and versatile manipulation and hence, modular assembly of nodes and junctions leads to interconnected hollow systems. As a proof-of-concept, we create multi-compartment nano-containers, with different nanoparticles isolated in the separate pockets. This methodology expands the synthetic freedom for hollow nanostructures, building a bridge from isolated hollow units to interconnected hollow systems. At nanoscale, it is synthetically very difficult to increase the structural complexity of hollow structures. Here, the authors use a stepwise liquid templating strategy to build, assemble, and interconnect fullerene hollow nanostructures, just like the synthetic freedom one could have with pottery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruoxu Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuhua Feng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shaoyan Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingmei Liu
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xinghua Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin HS, Jeon I, Xiang R, Seo S, Lee JW, Li C, Pal A, Manzhos S, Goorsky MS, Yang Y, Maruyama S, Matsuo Y. Achieving High Efficiency in Solution-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using C 60/C 70 Mixed Fullerenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39590-39598. [PMID: 30259726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes have attracted considerable interest as an electron-transporting layer in perovskite solar cells. Fullerene-based perovskite solar cells produce no hysteresis and do not require high-temperature annealing. However, high power conversion efficiency has been only achieved when the fullerene layer is thermally evaporated, which is an expensive process. In this work, the limitations of a solution-processed fullerene layer have been identified as high crystallinity and the presence of remnant solvents, in contrast to a thermally deposited C60 film, which has low crystallinity and no remaining solvents. As a solution to these problems, a mixed C60 and C70 solution-processed film, which exhibits low crystallinity, is proposed as an electron-transporting layer. The mixed-fullerene-based devices produce power conversion efficiencies as high as that of the thermally evaporated C60-based device (16.7%) owing to improved fill factor and open-circuit voltage. In addition, by vacuum-drying the mixed fullerene film, the power conversion efficiency of the solution-processed perovskite solar cells is further improved to 18.0%. This improvement originates from the enhanced transmittance and charge transport by removing the solvent effect. This simple and low-cost method can be easily used in any type of solar cells with fullerene as the electron-transporting layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Sheng Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Seungju Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Amrita Pal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Sergei Manzhos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang P, Yuan L, Zhang K, Chen Q, Zhou Y, Song B, Li Y. Room-Temperature and Aqueous Solution-Processed Two-Dimensional TiS 2 as an Electron Transport Layer for Highly Efficient and Stable Planar n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14796-14802. [PMID: 29633824 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a room-temperature and aqueous solution-processed two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide TiS2 was applied as an electron transport layer (ETL) in planar n-i-p perovskite solar cells (Pero-SCs). Upon insertion of the 2D TiS2 ETL with UV-ozone (UVO) treatment, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the planar Pero-SCs was optimized to 18.79%. To the best of our knowledge, this value should be the highest efficiency to date among those PCEs of the n-i-p Pero-SCs with room-temperature-processed metal compound ETLs. More importantly, the n-i-p Pero-SCs with the UVO-treated 2D TiS2 as an ETL also show extremely high stability, where the average PCE remained over 95% of its initial value after 816 h storage without encapsulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Kaicheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Qiaoyun Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Bo Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou YQ, Wu BS, Lin GH, Li Y, Chen DC, Zhang P, Yu MY, Zhang BB, Yun DQ. Enhancing Performance and Uniformity of Perovskite Solar Cells via a Solution-Processed C 70 Interlayer for Interface Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:33810-33818. [PMID: 28884580 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although some kinds of semiconductor metal oxides (SMOs) have been applied as electron selective layers (ESLs) for planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs), electron transfer is still limited by low electron mobility and defect film formation of SMO ESLs fabricated via low-temperature solution process. Herein, the C70 interlayer between TiO2 and (HC(NH2)2PbI3)x(CH3NH3PbCl3)1-x is prepared by spin-coating and low-temperature annealing for planar n-i-p PSCs. The resultant TiO2/C70 ESL shows good surface morphology, efficient electron extraction, and facilitation of high-quality perovskite film formation, which can be attributed to the suitable nanosize and the superior electronic property of C70 molecules. In comparison with pristine TiO2-based PSCs, the efficiency and hysteresis index are, respectively, enhanced 28% and reduced 76% by adding the C70 interlayer between TiO2 and perovskite on the basis of statistical data of more than 50 cells. With the main advantages of low-temperature process and optimized interface, the champion efficiency of PSCs on flexible substrates could exceed 12% in contrast with the above 18% on rigid substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qing Zhou
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Shan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Hua Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Di-Chun Chen
- Xiamen Branch of Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute , Xiamen 361006, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Yu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Da-Qin Yun
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao YH, Zhang KC, Wang ZW, Huang P, Zhu K, Li ZD, Li DH, Yuan LG, Zhou Y, Song B. Comprehensive Study of Sol-Gel versus Hydrolysis-Condensation Methods To Prepare ZnO Films: Electron Transport Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:26234-26241. [PMID: 28726369 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the high charge mobility and low processing temperature, ZnO is regarded as an ideal candidate for electron transport layer (ETL) material in thin-film solar cells. For the film preparation, the presently dominated sol-gel (SG) and hydrolysis-condensation (HC) methods show great potential; however, the effect of these two methods on the performance of the resulting devices has not been investigated in the same frame. In this study, the ZnO films made through SG and HC methods were applied in perovskite solar cells (Pero-SCs), and the performances of corresponding devices were compared under parallel conditions. We found that the surface morphologies and the conductivities of the films prepared by SG and HC methods showed great differences. The HC-ZnO films with higher conductivity led to relatively higher device performance, and the best power conversion efficiencie (PCE) of 12.9% was obtained; meanwhile, for Pero-SCs based on SG-ZnO, the best PCE achieved was 10.9%. The better device performance of Pero-SCs based on HC-ZnO should be attributed to the better charge extraction and transportation ability of HC-ZnO film. Moreover, to further enhance the performance of Pero-SCs, a thin layer of pristine C60 was introduced between HC-ZnO and perovskite layers. By doing so, the quality of perovskite films was improved, and the PCE was elevated to 14.1%. The preparation of HC-ZnO film involves relatively lower-temperature (maximum 100 °C) processing; the films showed better charge extraction and transportation properties and can be a more promising ETL material in Pero-SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Kai-Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhao-Wei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Da-Hua Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Li-Gang Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Bo Song
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang P, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang K, Yuan L, Zhou Y, Song B, Li Y. Water-Soluble 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as the Hole-Transport Layer for Highly Efficient and Stable p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25323-25331. [PMID: 28695726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a hole-transport layer (HTL) material, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene-sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was often criticized for its intrinsic acidity and hygroscopic effect that would in the long run affect the stability of perovskite solar cells (Pero-SCs). As alternatives, herein water-soluble two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2 and WS2 were used as HTLs in p-i-n Pero-SCs. It was found that the content of 1T phase in 2D TMDs HTLs is centrally important to the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of Pero-SCs, and the 1T-rich TMDs (as achieved from exfoliation and without postheating) lead to much higher PCEs. More importantly, as PEDOT:PSS was replaced by 2D TMDs, both the PCEs and stability of Pero-SCs were significantly improved. The highest PCEs of 14.35 and 15.00% were obtained for the Pero-SCs with MoS2 and WS2, respectively, whereas the Pero-SCs with PEDOT:PSS showed a highest PCE of only 12.44%. These are up to date the highest PCEs using 2D TMDs as HTLs. After being stored in a glovebox for 56 days, PCEs of the Pero-SCs using MoS2 and WS2 HTLs remained 78 and 72%, respectively, whereas the PCEs of Pero-SCs with PEDOT:PSS almost dropped to 0 over 35 days. This study demonstrates that water-soluble 2D TMDs have great potential for application as new generation of HTLs aiming at high performance and long-term stable Pero-SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bo Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|