Photocatalytic decarboxylative coupling between α-oxocarboxylicacids and alkenes

Anti-Markovnikov Hydroacylation of Aryl Alkenes with Aldehydes Enabled by Photo/Cobalt Dual Catalysis

Herein we describe a dual photo/cobalt-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydroacylation of aryl alkenes using aldehyde as acyl source. The key to success is the cobalt catalyzed hydrogen atom transfer, which enables effective formation of the desired products and efficient regeneration of the photocatalyst under mild conditions. This protocol features broad substrate scopes, good functional group tolerance, high efficiency and regioselectivity.

Photoinduced Ligand-to-Copper Charge Transfer for Aryl Decarboxylative Allylation, Thiolation, and Bromination

Herein, aryl decarboxylative allylation, thiolation, and bromination reactions via photoinduced ligand-to-copper charge transfer are described. Utilizing inexpensive copper metal, the transformations of various aryl carboxylic acids enable the rapid synthesis of the corresponding alkene, thioether, and aryl bromide derivatives under visible light irradiation, which offers significant synthetic value. The reaction conditions are mild and straightforward, exhibiting a broad substrate compatibility. Furthermore, this method can be applied for the late-stage modification of complex drug molecules.

Recent Developments in Photoinduced Decarboxylative Acylation of α-Keto Acids

Ketones are ubiquitous patterns found in various biological molecules and natural products. In recent years, a number of acylation methods have been developed based on the use of α-oxocarboxylic acids as acyl-transfer reagents, with particular emphasis on the photoinduced decarboxylative acylation of α-keto acids. This review focuses on the latest advancements in acylation methodologies through the decarboxylation of α-keto acids over the past several years, highlighting their product diversity, selectivity, and applicability. Where possible, the mechanistic rationale is presented, providing a positive outlook for the promising future of this field.

Nickel-catalyzed acylation of vinylpyridine with alkylzincs under 1 atm CO

A nickel-catalyzed acylation of vinylpyridines with CO at atmospheric pressure is reported, allowing for an expedient approach to synthesize β-acyl pyridine derivatives with high regio- and chemoselectivity. The electron-withdrawing property of pyridine plays pivotal roles in activating the alkenyl group, thereby facilitating this carbonylative process. In addition to vinylpyridines, other alkenylheterocycles such as thiazole and quinoline were also suitable for this method.

Photo-induced decarboxylative hydroacylation of α-oxocarboxylic acids with terminal alkynes by radical addition–translocation–cyclization in water

A photo-induced radical addition–translocation–cyclization (RATC) reaction of terminal alkynes and α-oxocarboxylic acids using water as the reaction medium is reported herein.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of 1,2-Diketoindolizine Derivatives from Indolizines and Epoxides Using Piezoelectric Materials

A simple and efficient mechanochemical-induced approach for the synthesis of 1,2-diketoindolizine derivatives has been developed. BaTiO₃ was used as the piezoelectric material in this transformation. This method features no usage of solvent, simple experimental operation, scalable potential, and high conversion efficiency, which make it attractive and practical.

Decarboxylative 1,4-carbocyanation of 1,3-enynes to access tetra-substituted allenes via copper/photoredox dual catalysis

We disclose herein the first example of merging photoredox catalysis and copper catalysis for radical 1,4-carbocyanations of 1,3-enynes. Alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide esters are utilized as radical precursors, and the reported mild and redox-neutral protocol has broad substrate scope and remarkable functional group tolerance. This strategy allows for the synthesis of diverse multi-substituted allenes with high chemo- and regio-selectivities, also permitting late stage allenylation of natural products and drug molecules.